Coexistence of antiferro- and ferrimagnetism in the spinel ZnFe2O4 with an inversion degree δ lower than 0.3

Samples with inversion parameter values (δ) ranging from 0.27 to 0.14 while maintaining the crystallite size value have been successfully fabricated from commercially available powders by mechanical grinding and thermal annealing treatments at temperatures ranging between 400 and 600 °C. Detailed characterization studies of these samples using X-ray, neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements have confirmed for the first time the simultaneous coexistence at 2 K of short range antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic ordering for a wide range of the inversion parameter. The magnetic phase diagram obtained is different from the one previously reported, which shows at 2 K the coexistence of long range antiferromagnetic order and short range order for values of inversion parameters less than 0.1 and the presence of a ferrimagnetic order only for values of δ > 0.2. At room temperature, the Rietveld analysis of NPD patterns and the magnetization curves showed a paramagnetic behavior in the samples with δ ≤ 0.1. For the samples with higher cationic inversion, typical hysteresis curves of ferrimagnetic materials were observed and the saturation magnetization values obtained agree quite well with the net magnetic moment obtained from the Rietveld refinement of the neutron diffraction patterns.     

Quaternion rational surfaces: Rational surfaces generated from the quaternion product of two rational space curves

A quaternion rational surface is a surface generated from two rational space curves by quaternion multiplication. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how to apply syzygies to analyze quaternion rational surfaces. We show that we can easily construct three special syzygies for a quaternion rational surface from a μ-basis for one of the generating rational space curves. The implicit equation of any quaternion rational surface can be computed from these three special syzygies and inversion formulas for the non-singular points on quaternion rational surfaces can be constructed. Quaternion rational ruled surfaces are generated from the quaternion product of a straight line and a rational space curve. We investigate special μ-bases for quaternion rational ruled surfaces and use these special μ-bases to provide implicitization and inversion formulas for quaternion rational ruled surfaces. Finally, we show how to determine if a real rational surface is also a quaternion rational surface.     

地下采场围岩刚度与强度参数的正交反演方法

应用正交试验设计原理，提出了一种根据地下采场围岩的量测位移，反演确定其刚度参数和强度参数的弹塑性正交反演方法。运用这种方法．并借助于连续介质快速拉格朗日分析技术，反演确定了湖南湘西金矿充填料矿二次回采采场围岩的刚度参数与强度参数，从而为进一步应用数值模拟技术进行采矿方法安全性评价打下了基础。     

中频炉微机控制系统的研制

介绍了一种专用于熔炼的中频炉电源的构成及原理,其整流和逆变鄙分均由单片机控制,买现对负载频率的自动跟踪,具有故障检测和调节功能,达至量大功率输出,满足用户速度快、效率高的要求。     

Air pollution and meteorological processes in the growing dryland city of Urumqi (Xinjiang, China)

Seven years (2000-2006) of monthly PM₁₀ (particulate matter, d ≤ 10 μm), SO₂, and NO₂ concentrations are reported for Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang in NW China. Considerably high mean annual concentrations have been observed, which ranged between 150 and 240 μg m^− 3 (PM₁₀), 31 and 50 μg m^− 3 (NO₂), and 49 and 160 μg m^− 3 (SO₂). The shapes of seasonal variation of all pollutants were remarkably similar; however, winter/summer ratios of concentrations were quite different for PM₁₀ (2-3) and NO₂ (≈ 4) compared to SO₂ (up to 30). Very high consumption rates of fossil fuels for energy generation and domestic heating are mainly responsible for high annual pollution levels, as well as the (very) high winter/summer ratios. Detailed analysis of the 2000-2006 records of Urumqi's meteorological data resulted in inter-annual and seasonal frequency distributions of (a) (surface) inversion events, (b) heights of surface inversions, (c) stability classes of Urumqi's boundary layer, and (d) the “Air Stagnation Index (ASI)”. Urumqi's boundary layer is shown to be characterized by high mean annual and seasonal frequencies of (surface) inversions and by the dominance of stable dispersion classes. A further outcome of the meteorological analysis is the proof of Urumqi's strong diurnal wind system, which might have particularly contributed to the stabilization of the nocturnal boundary layer. Annual and seasonal variations of pollutant's concentrations are discussed in the context of occurrences of inversions, boundary layer, stability classes, and ASI. The trend of Urumqi's air pollution indicates a strong increase of mean annual concentrations 2000-2003, followed by a slight increase during 2003-2006. These are in strong contrast to (a) the growth of Urumqi's fleet of motor vehicles and (b) to the growing number of stable regimes of Urumqi's boundary layer climate during same period. It is concluded that the (regional and) local administrative technical countermeasures have efficiently lowered Urumqi's air pollution levels.     

遥感技术在乌达煤火变化监测中的应用（增刊）

煤田火灾问题存在由来已久,利用遥感技术进行煤火监测正引起广泛关注。为更加精确地圈定乌达煤火的燃烧范围,本文以乌达2000年、2006年和2010年三时期的Landsat TM和ETM 热红外及多光谱遥感影像作为基本信息源,采用温度反演、最优密度分割和地质条件分析,提取各年的煤田热异常信息,再通过ArcGIS空间叠加分析和逻辑分析,研究煤田火灾随时间的动态变化过程。结果圈定了煤田火区的燃烧范围和2000-2010年来煤火变化面积及速率,对于发展煤火理论和乌达煤火的治理皆有一定的理论与实践意义。     

An arrayed uniform eddy current probe design for crack monitoring and sizing of surface breaking cracks with the aid of a computational inversion technique

This study demonstrates that eddy current testing can be an effective method for monitoring the growth of surface breaking cracks with the aid of computational inversion techniques. A uniform eddy current probe with 23 arrayed detectors was designed, and pseudo monitoring tests were carried out to measure signals due to six mechanical fatigue cracks introduced into type 316L austenitic stainless steel plates. In the test the position of the probe was fixed to simulate monitoring. The depths of the cracks were evaluated using a computational inversion method developed on the basis of k-nearest neighbor algorithm. The depths of the mechanical fatigue cracks whose actual depths were 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 5.5, 6.7, and 8.5 mm were evaluated to be 0.9, 1.9, 3.8, 4.3, 7.0, and 5.7 mm, respectively. Additional simulations were conducted to demonstrate the stability of the method.     

Simulation and inversion of ultrasonic pitch-catch through-tubing well logging with an array of receivers

Current methods for ultrasonic pitch-catch well logging use two receivers to log the bonded material outside a single casing. For two casings separated by a fluid, we find by simulation that increasing the number of receivers provides a better picture of the effect of the bonded material outside the second casing. Inverting simulated measurements with five receivers, using a simulated annealing algorithm and a simple forward model, we find for a subset of simulations that we can estimate the impedance of the material outside the outer casing.     

Evaluation of water content gradient using a new configuration of linear array four-point probe for electrical resistivity measurement

Electrical resistivity is used in this study to assess the moisture content of concrete, because of their good correlation. A new process using four point probes to measure the electrical resistivity of concrete is described in this paper. It is based on the exploitation of the short circuit induced by the reinforcement in the concrete structure. A numerical model is also made to simulate the resistivity measurements on concrete by taking into account the electrochemical parameters of the reinforcement. The obtained results have shown the ability of the new measurement process to assess the gradient of the moisture content of the concrete cover.     

Reliability of an Independent Component,s-Spare System with Exponential Life Times and General Repair Times

In this paper, the reliability of a system with N independent components supplied with a pool of s spares is investigated. The components have an exponential life time distribution and the failed components are repaired, one at a time, with a general repair time distribution. Numerical results are presented for the mean time to system failure (system is said to fail when a component fails with no spare available) and the reliability of the system in some special cases of interest.