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为了研究薄板厂CSP产线热轧卷板纵裂缺陷产生原因,对连铸工艺及设备各运行参数进行了调查分析。结果表明,连铸机振动台振动精度差、结晶器铜板结垢是导致热轧卷纵裂缺陷的主要原因。采取调整振动参数、提升振动台对中精度以及控制铜板结垢等措施后,热轧卷板表面纵裂纹缺陷显著降低,纵裂率由最高的1.15%降至0.10%以下。针对CSP铸机,在保证结晶器铜板导热良好的前提下,需严格控制结晶器振动台四连杆机构的关节轴承间隙在0.02 mm以内,振动台台面标高偏差在0.05 mm之内。结晶器振动在水平方向的位移量在0.1 mm以内为宜。 相似文献
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Global concern for depleting fossil fuel reserves have been compelling for evolving power generation options using renewable energy sources. The solar energy happens to be a potential source for running the power plants among renewable energy sources. Integrated Solar Combined Cycle(ISCC) power plants have gained popularity among the thermal power plants. Traditional ISCC power plants use Direct Steam Generation(DSG) approach. However, with the DSG method, the ISCC plant’s overall thermal efficiency does not increase significantly due to variations in the availability of solar energy. Thermal Energy Storage(TES) systems when integrated into the solar cycle can address such issues related to energy efficiency, process flexibility, reducing intermittency during non-solar hours. This review work focuses and discusses the developments in various components of the ISCC system including its major cycles and related parameters. The main focus is on CSP technologies, Heat Transfer Fluid(HTF), and Phase Change Material(PCM) used for thermal energy storage. Further, study includes heat enhancement methods with HTF and latent heat storage system. This study will be beneficial to the power plant professionals intending to modify the solar-based Combined Cycle Power Plant(CCPP) and to retrofit the existing Natural Gas Combined Cycle(NGCC) plant with the advanced solar cycle. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(5):3316-3345
In this study, two wind-solar-based polygeneration systems namely CES-1 and CES-2 are developed, modeled, and analyzed thermodynamically. CES-1 hybridizes a heliostat based CSP system with wind turbines while CES-2 integrates heliostat-based CPVT with wind turbines. This study aims to compare the production and thermodynamics performance of two heliostat based concentrated solar power technologies when hybridized with wind turbines. The systems have been modeled to produce, freshwater, hot water, electricity, hydrogen, and cooling with different cycles/subsystems. While the overall objective of the study is to model two polygeneration systems with improved energy and exergy performances, the performances of two solar technologies are compared. The wind turbine system integrated with the comprehensive energy systems will produce 1.14 MW of electricity and it has 72.2% energy and exergy efficiency. Also, based on the same solar energy input, the performance of the heliostat integrated CPVT system (CES-2) is found to be better than that of the CSP based system (CES-1). The polygeneration thermal and exergy efficiencies for the two systems respectively are 48.08% and 31.67% for CES-1; 59.7% and 43.91% for CES-2. Also, the electric power produced by CES-2 is 280 kW higher in comparison to CES-1. 相似文献
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Performance assessment of concentrated solar power plants based on carbon and hydrogen fuel cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elena Díaz Michael Epstein Manuel Romero José González-Aguilar 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(11):5852-5862
In spite of the recent success on the implementation of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP), still this technology needs a substantial enhancement to achieve competitiveness. This paper provides thorough insight after previous analyses on an alternative concept for higher efficiency CSP systems based on the replacement of the power block by an electrochemical conversion system. Concentrating solar energy is herewith used to decompose methane into hydrogen and carbon, which are used in hydrogen and carbon fuel cells for electricity generation. This approach envisages modular, efficient and flexible generation plants. Dispatchability can be achieved by storing the solid carbon. Solar-to-electricity efficiency was calculated assuming thermodynamic equilibrium composition and experimental data available from literature, and compared with those of conventional power generation systems and commercial CSP plants. It is concluded that this new-generation CSP concept is potentially able to produce power more efficiently than the current state-of-the art solar thermal power plants. 相似文献
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As one of the most promising architectural styles, REpresentational State Transfer (REST) was proposed to support a scalable and reliable design for large-scale distributed hypermedia systems such as the World Wide Web (WWW). However, the rapid development of RESTful systems brings the misunderstanding and misapplying of the REST architecture. As a consequence, considerable confusions about REST exist and many examples of supposedly RESTful applications violate key REST constraints. Thus, it is of significant importance to give a better and explicit understanding of REST architecture to guide the design and implementations of RESTful systems.In this paper, we give a formalization and analysis of the REST architecture from the perspective of Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP), which is one of the most famous process algebras. In particular, we present a formal model to capture essential features for the REST architecture, where components (together with one connector) of RESTful systems are modeled as CSP processes. Besides, resources are also abstracted as CSP processes. Furthermore, all the REST constraints, including Client–Server, Cacheable, Stateless, Uniform Interface, Layered and Code-On-Demand, are described in our framework and implemented in the model checker Process Analysis Toolkit (PAT) to check whether a system breaks REST constraints or not. It is difficult to ensure that a system is RESTful system, because many unRESTful systems may also contain unRESTful properties besides satisfying the six REST constraints. Thus, a complementary approach is proposed in this paper to check the system from a different perspective; that is, if a system breaks any specification of the REST constraints, then it is not a RESTful system. Finally, to show the feasibility of our approach, we illustrate a case study about an application scenario for environment monitoring. One feature of the proposed framework for the REST architecture is that it not only confines to HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP) but can also be applied to other REST-compliant protocols, e.g., Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). Consequently, through the general framework, a better understanding of the REST architecture can be achieved, and moreover, implementations and designs of RESTful systems can benefit from it. 相似文献
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通过热力学计算与SEM-EDS检测对酒钢BOFLFRHCSP工艺Ti-IF钢夹杂物形核的热力学进行了研究。结果表明,在Ti-IF钢中夹杂物形核主要是非均匀形核,最易形成TiN,其次为CaO,然后为Al_2O_3。温度升高有利于Al_2O_3、CaO的形成;TiN的形成受温度影响较小。Ti-IF钢中w([Als])控制为0.027%~0.055%时,w([Mg])只需大于0.000 015%,就会有镁铝尖晶石MgO·Al_2O_3(MA)析出。Ti-IF钢中夹杂物演变主要有3种途径,分别为尖晶石与硅酸钙的复合夹杂Al_2O_3→MA→MgAlCaSi、低熔点的铝酸钙夹杂Al_2O_3→CaO·6Al_2O_3(CA_6)→CaO·2Al_2O_3(CA_2)→CaO·Al_2O_3(CA)→3CaO·Al_2O_3(C_3A)/12CaO·7Al_2O_3(C_(12)A_7)以及钛的复合物或钛的化合物Al_2O_3→TiOx→Al_2O_3·TiOx和Ti→TiN/Ti(C,N)。 相似文献
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J. Rives Childs 《Cryptologia》2013,37(3):201-214
Abstract In this article, we consider an attack on the SIGABA cipher under the assumption that the largest practical keyspace is used. The attack highlights various strengths and weaknesses of SIGABA and provides insight into the inherent level of security provided by the cipher. 相似文献