NNI-1型C_5/C_6烷烃异构化催化剂长周期运行分析及建议

中国石化海南炼油化工有限公司0.2 Mt/a C5/C6烷烃异构化装置以连续重整装置的拔头油为原料,使用NNI-1催化剂,采用一次通过流程,不设脱异戊烷塔和稳定塔,经设在连续重整装置内的脱丁烷塔稳定处理后作为汽油调合组分。该装置于2006年9月开工投产,截至2015年3月已连续运行3个周期。长周期运行分析结果表明:前两个周期中NNI-1催化剂具有较高的异构化活性及选择性,C5异构化率为60%左右,C6异构化率为80%左右,C6选择性为15%左右,产品辛烷值基本达到技术指标要求(RON≥78);而在第三周期运行中,催化剂积炭增加等原因导致其异构化活性及选择性降低,异构化产品辛烷值提升能力呈现逐步衰减的趋势,提高反应苛刻度已不能弥补催化剂活性下降造成的产品辛烷值降低。为保证装置长周期运行,建议择机停工对催化剂进行再生,或是直接换用与装置原料性质匹配的异构化催化剂。     

预拉伸对X2A66铝合金蠕变时效力学性能与微结构的影响

通过力学性能测试和显微组织观察,分别研究人工时效、蠕变时效以及预拉伸蠕变时效热处理工艺对X2A66铝锂合金薄板力学性能和组织结构的影响。结果表明:与人工时效相比,蠕变时效过程改变了合金时效析出行为并恶化合金力学性能;但蠕变时效前进行预拉伸处理,能够在稍微降低伸长率的情况下显著提升合金屈服和抗拉强度。     

一线总线技术在冻结温度监测中的应用研究

通过分析DS18B20的感温原理及一线总线的驱动原理,设计出了一个具有适当下拉及上拉速率的驱动电路,延长了一线总线测温传输距离,消除了终端反射影响,实现了利用DS18B20进行温度自动监测,为冻结施工中的温度监测提供了一种有效的在线测量方法。     

SDN中基于KMOBPSO的高可靠性控制器部署算法

针对SDN中控制器系统的单节点故障问题,兼顾系统成本和系统时延,应用N+1冗余备份模型来提高SDN控制器部署的可靠性,并将其抽象为多目标优化问题.同时,提出了一种融合K-means聚类算法和遗传算子的多目标二进制粒子群算法——KMOBPSO算法,以求解SDN控制器高可靠性部署问题的解.仿真结果表明,所提算法具有求解精度高、分布均匀、沿Pareto前沿面覆盖广的特点,能够显著提高SDN中控制器部署的可靠性.     

基于STC12C5A60S2自动太阳能跟踪器的设计

在此阐述了利用光敏电阻寻找直射太阳的原理,以STC12C5A60S2为控制核心,设计了一种自动太阳能跟踪器。太阳照射情况通过太阳能电池板4边上的4个光敏电阻测得,经过放大后输送到单片机,在单片机内由软件进行分析计算,得出电池板需要偏移的方向和角度,最后通过2个伺服电机对电池板左右和上下偏移进行控制,从而提高了转化效率。     

Hot workability characteristics of Rene88DT superalloy with directionally solidified microstructure

The hot deformation characteristics of Rene88 DT superalloy with directionally solidified microstructure produced by electroslag remelting continuous directionally solidification(ESR-CDSò) were studied in the temperature range of 1,040–1,140 °C and strain rate range of 0.001–1.000 s-1by hot compression tests. Flow curves for Rene88 DT alloy with initial directionally solidified(DS)microstructure exhibit pronounced peak stresses at the early stage of deformation followed by the occurrence of dynamic softening phenomenon. Rene88 DT alloy with DS microstructure shows higher flow peak stresses compared with HIPed P/M superalloy FGH4096, but the disparities in peak stresses between ESR-CDSed Rene88 DT and HIPed P/M superalloy FGH4096 reduce as temperature increases. The improvement of hot workability of DS alloy with columnar grains avoiding the maximum shear stress comes true. A hot deformation constitutive equation as a function of strain that describes the dependence of flow stress on strain rate and temperature is established. Hot deformation apparent activation energy(Q) varies not only with the strain rate and temperature but also with strain. The strain rate sensitivity exponent(m) map is established at the strain of 0.8, which reveals that global dynamic recrystallization(DRX) shows a relatively high m value in a large strain compression.Optimum parameters are predicted in two regions:T = 1,100–1,130 °C,_e = 0.100–1.000 s-1and T = 1,080–1,100 °C,_e = 0.010–0.100 s-1, which is based on processing maps and deformation microstructure observations.     

Energy Band-gap Calculation of d-Ta2O5 Using sX-LDA and B3LYP Methods

The energy band-gap and related factors of tantalum pentoxide with hexagonal phase were investigated using hybrid functional B3 LYP and s X-LDA methods. The results showed that both s X-LDA and B3 LYP techniques reveal the indirect semiconductor nature of δ-Ta2O5, whereas the obtained value of energy band-gap is much higher than previous theoretical reports but closer to the experimental data. The optical bandgap of δ-Ta2O5 is expected to originate from the O 2p→Ta 5d transition which may benefit from the d-s-p hybridization.     

CAN-BUS系统应用一例

CAN-BUS系统自问世以来,已将近30年,当代各品牌车辆纷纷采用,但大部分技术人员对CAN总线系统既熟悉又陌生。经常能听到,但具体操作又显得有些力不从心。本文通过对奇瑞A3品牌轿车CAN总线的巧妙应用,引导大家进一步理解和应用CAN总线。     

HTML5 Web Worker技术及应用研究

文章主要讨论网页前端多线程技术,首先分析了传统多线程技术原理和应用场景,然后分析了HTML5规范中Web Worker的技术原理、产生的必要性和具体应用场景,通过对比分析得出了以下结论:网页前端的工作线程和传统的多线程本质上有很大差别,它更适合由于服务器或者客户端长时间计算导致网页前端处于阻塞状态的工作场景。     

基于Deform-3D和正交实验法的2A12铝合金等通道转角挤压工艺优化

在Deform-3D有限元数值模拟过程中应用正交实验设计方法,对2A12铝合金等通道转角挤压工艺进行优化设计,并系统分析不同工艺参数对挤压力和等效应变的影响规律。结果表明:摩擦系数与挤压角度对挤压力的影响较大;挤压角度和挤压速度对等效应变有较大影响。