团队真实型领导、新员工反馈寻求行为与社会化结果

领导掌控着组织的资源,其态度和行为对新员工能否顺利社会化起关键作用。基于真实型领导和员工反馈寻求社会化理论,探讨团队真实型领导、反馈导向对新员工反馈寻求行为和社会化结果的影响。纵向选取53个团队中304个入职9个月内的新员工为调查样本,运用多层回归和结构方程模型进行验证。研究结果表明,团队真实型领导和反馈导向正向影响新员工反馈寻求行为,团队真实型领导显著正向调节反馈导向与新员工反馈寻求行为之间的关系;在高团队真实型领导水平下,高反馈导向的新员工表现出更频繁的反馈寻求行为;团队真实型领导与反馈导向的交互作用通过新员工反馈寻求行为对角色清晰度、社会融入度和工作满意度3个社会化结果起间接积极作用,表明团队真实型领导可以促进新员工有更多的反馈寻求行为,进而帮助他们成功社会化。     

区域多元化抑或产品多元化?制度环境约束下民营企业核心能力构建与成长战略选择

在文献与理论研究的基础上,构建了制度环境、核心能力与企业成长战略选择之间关系的概念模型,并提出了相关假设。然后,以中国民营上市公司2007-2014年数据为对象进行实证检验,结果发现:市场化程度更高的区域,民营企业倾向于构建"行业专家"型核心能力,进而倾向于选择"做强"的区域多元化战略;市场化程度相对较低的区域,民营企业更多倾向于构建"社会资本"型核心能力,进而会选择"做大"的产品多元化战略。上述发现为企业成长与多元化战略理论补充了新的内容。     

Is Tattooing a Risk Factor for Adolescents’ Criminal Behavior? Empirical Evidence from an Administrative Data Set of Juvenile Detainees in Taiwan

Juvenile crime affects not only the victims of the crime but also the delinquents’ future. How to prevent adolescent criminal behavior has become an important public policy issue. This study contributes to this interesting issue by examining the relationship between tattooing and adolescents’ criminal behavior. In particular, this study investigates whether or not having a tattoo/tattoos is connected to the incidence of various criminal activities, including: larceny, robbery, fraud, assault, drug use, and homicide. A unique sample of 973 juvenile detainees drawn from the administrative profiles in Taiwan and the coarsened exact matching method were utilized. Results show that compared to their nontattooed counterparts, tattooed juvenile detainees were significantly more likely to commit fraud, assault, drug abuse, and homicide by 3%, 13%, 9%, and 9%, respectively. In contrast, tattooing was not significantly associated with larceny or robbery. From a policy perspective, given the significant link between tattooing and criminal behavior, the presence of a tattoo in adolescents may serve as a valuable indicator regarding adolescents’ high probability of committing crimes.     

组合投资的非均衡性研究

本文对资本市场均衡理论、资本资产定价模型(CAPM)和套利定价模型(APT)的经验检验、有效市场假设的检验进行了分析；研究了固定持有成本和随机折扣因素所造成的非均衡中的上界和下界；阐述了资本市场非均衡的趋势,并提出了将均衡与非均衡的共性与个性相结合的三个研究原则.     

绩效考核对员工反伦理行为的影响:研究综述与未来展望

绩效考核作为一种有效的管理方法一直受到组织高度重视,但各种组织都不同程度的存在着因绩效考核引起的管理伦理问题,而且它们是相互影响的。国外对这方面的研究已有几十年的积累,而国内的相关研究才刚刚起步。本文首先回顾了国内外有关绩效考核对员工反伦理行为影响的相关研究,然后就未来的研究方向提出了看法和建议。     

不同类型绩效考核对员工考核反应的差异性影响——考核目的视角下的研究

本文旨在探讨不同类型绩效考核对员工考核反应(Appraisal Reaction)造成的差异性影响。根据考核的两种基本目的(发展型和评估型),将绩效考核划分为交易型、承诺型、合作型和放任型四种类型。通过对武汉市308名企业员工的调查发现,在不同类型的绩效考核下,员工对考核的直接反应和间接反应都有显著性差异。整体而言,在合作型绩效考核下,员工的考核公平感会表现得更高,任务绩效也会更好;在放任型绩效考核下,员工的考核满意度最低。进一步的协方差分析和多变量方差分析也基本证实了该结果。     

高级管理人员变更、股权特征与盈余管理——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文以2003-2006年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,检验公司发生高级管理人员变更时的盈余管理行为。研究结果表明,发生高级管理层变更的公司,高级管理人员变更的当年存在较严重的调减利润的盈余管理行为;此外,对于发生了高级管理人员变更的公司,如果其控股股东是地方和中央政府部门所属国企或中央直属国企,则其调减利润的盈余管理行为可以得到一定程度的抑制;大股东的制衡度越大,公司盈余管理的幅度也将越小。研究结果还显示,当发生高级管理人员变更时,上述因素对公司调增利润的盈余管理行为基本没有影响。     

Development of a Screening Approach to Interpret Human Biomonitoring Data on Volatile Organic Compounds: Reverse Dosimetry on Biomonitoring Data for Trichloroethylene

A screening approach is developed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to estimate exposures that correspond to levels measured in fluids and/or tissues in human biomonitoring studies. The approach makes use of a generic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model coupled with exposure pattern characterization, Monte Carlo analysis, and quantitative structure property relationships (QSPRs). QSPRs are used for VOCs with minimal data to develop chemical-specific parameters needed for the PBPK model. The PBPK model is capable of simulating VOC kinetics following multiple routes of exposure, such as oral exposure via water ingestion and inhalation exposure during shower events. Using published human biomonitoring data of trichloroethylene (TCE), the generic model is evaluated to determine how well it estimates TCE concentrations in blood based on the known drinking water concentrations. In addition, Monte Carlo analysis is conducted to characterize the impact of the following factors: (1) uncertainties in the QSPR-estimated chemical-specific parameters; (2) variability in physiological parameters; and (3) variability in exposure patterns. The results indicate that uncertainty in chemical-specific parameters makes only a minor contribution to the overall variability and uncertainty in the predicted TCE concentrations in blood. The model is used in a reverse dosimetry approach to derive estimates of TCE concentrations in drinking water based on given measurements of TCE in blood, for comparison to the U.S. EPA's Maximum Contaminant Level in drinking water. This example demonstrates how a reverse dosimetry approach can be used to facilitate interpretation of human biomonitoring data in a health risk context by deriving external exposures that are consistent with a biomonitoring data set, thereby permitting comparison with health-based exposure guidelines.     

进入权与组织控制

本文深入讨论了R-Z理论的两个核心概念:进入权和人力资本专用性投资,指出进入权的配置过程伴随着代理人进行专用性投资和委托人持续控制的过程,而组织控制构成了委托人对进入权配置过程进行持续控制的基础。委托人必须借助组织控制限制代理人的讨价还价能力,一个关键途径就是减弱代理人拥有的不对称信息优势。