Structural Analysis for Replicating Japanese Cultural Property Braids

ABSTRACT

Historic Japanese textiles from over 1000 years ago generally show marked deterioration and only very rare examples show their original forms and much information about textile reproduction has been lost. The replication of textile braids lacks systematic methodology and is still being practiced by only few individual braiding experts. The recreation of original braids as close as possible to original braids is a part of Japan’s intangible cultural heritage. The aim of this study is to clarify the decision-making procedure through which the braiding experts can decipher the original braiding structures. As a preliminary study of this project, interviews of a braid researcher and a replicating expert, Makiko Tada were performed regarding her working practices. It is important to clarify the braiding parameters for structural analysis such as the number of transits and the balance of ridges, and it became clear that the orientation of multiple colored threads plays an important role. The expert’s replicate works were also analyzed using a text-mining statistical technique to clarify the relationship of braiding parameters. The relationship between each braiding parameter and production method such as loop manipulation and Taka-dai became clear. As a result, the process of deciphering the original braid structure has been compiled in simplified workflows, which could contribute to the standardization and improvement in efficiency of replication of cultural property braids.     

数据管理与数据治理的比较分析及其对制定科学数据开放共享政策的启示

[目的/意义] 比较分析数据管理与数据治理差异与联系，为制定科学数据开放共享政策提供参考。[方法/过程] 运用比较分析法，解析数据管理与数据治理在定义与内涵、功能、目标、原则、焦点领域5个方面的异同，由此解析其对制定我国科学数据开放共享政策的启示。[结果/结论] 数据管理与数据治理在定义与内涵、功能、目标、原则、焦点领域上都有显著差异，但两者也有内在联系。数据治理是成功实施数据管理的关键。认清两者的关系有助于明晰目前我国科学数据管理政策的不足之处，为今后完善科学数据管理办法提供参考，从而规划与制定实用的科学数据开放共享细则。     

政务B站号信息传播效果影响因素与实证研究

[目的/意义] 作为政府与青年群体沟通的重要平台，政务Bilibili账号的信息传播效果直接决定其沟通效率和效果。对政务Bilibili账号信息传播效果影响因素的研究有利于沟通效果的提升。[方法/过程] 本研究基于共青团中央Bilibili账号的471个样本，采用内容分析和回归分析等系统考察内容主题、视频类别、封面图类型、屏幕形式、字幕、组织形式、剪辑率和视频时长等因素对政务Bilibili账号信息传播效果的影响。[结果/结论] 结果表明，科技类、音乐类和时尚类主题的视频能够提升整体传播效果，科技类视频的贡献度最高；情景剧、实拍视频和监控视频都正向显著影响整体传播效果，实拍视频的贡献度最高。视频剪辑率、竖屏视频、字幕添加、合作创作等均能显著提高整体传播效果，竖屏在整体传播效果模型中的贡献度最大。视频时长和封面图的作用不显著。政务Bilibili账号运营应充分释放青年的爱国势能、创新视频形式、优化视频制作流程、创新组织形式。     

专题情报数据管理与智能分析平台的构建

[目的/意义] 面对多学科领域、多类型用户的专题情报服务需求，建立专题情报数据管理与智能分析平台。实现专题情报分析的流程化和智能化，同时对融入专家智慧的专题情报分析过程数据进行管理，丰富服务模式，提升服务需求响应速度。[方法/过程] 在调研已有相关研究与实践分析基础上，提出平台设计思路、建设框架，对平台主要功能和关键技术进行剖析。[结果/结论] 专题情报数据管理与智能分析平台已建设完成。平台集成了多来源多类型数据，打通了从数据到分析的服务链条。嵌入了多种情报分析方法和深度学习算法，实现了多维多层次分析服务。能够对分析过程和情报分析人员历史积累数据进行管理，实现数据共享和重复利用。     

Can a non-Muslim Mass Shooter be a “Terrorist”?: A Comparative Content Analysis of the Las Vegas and Orlando Shootings

ABSTRACT

This study used the 2017 Las Vegas and 2016 Orlando mass shootings as case studies to explore alleged double standards in reporting of events featuring Muslim and non-Muslim mass perpetrators of violence. The study used framing theory and content analysis to examine Los Angeles Times and New York Times coverage of the shootings during the one week immediately following each event. Findings are consistent with previous literature and the researchers’ expectations. The Orlando shooting, carried out by a Muslim, was allotted more coverage despite the fact that it produced nine fewer fatalities than the Las Vegas shooting, perpetrated by a white non-Muslim. The analysis also showed that the examined newspapers were more likely to employ a “terrorism” frame in their coverage of the Orlando shooting than in their coverage of the Las Vegas shooting; link the Orlando mass shooting with the global war on terrorism; and to humanize Stephen Paddock, the white perpetrator of the Las Vegas shooting. Framing differences found in this study may contribute to downplaying the threat of white male gun violence, and to reinforcing fears of Islam and Muslims.     

基于用户兴趣度量的知识发现服务精准推荐

[目的/意义]针对当前知识发现服务中存在的个性化程度不高和推荐效果不佳等问题，提出一种基于用户兴趣度量和内容分析的推荐算法。[方法/过程]文章通过特征词分布、LDA主题分布、引文结构网络三个维度构建学术资源模型，并通过对用户行为的度量，计算用户对其浏览学术资源的兴趣度，结合学术资源模型构建用户兴趣模型。将用户兴趣模型与学术资源模型匹配，计算其相似度，得到用户对每条学术资源的兴趣值，最后将兴趣值最高的TOP-N学术资源推荐给用户。[结果/结论]通过实验检验算法的有效性和推荐准确率，结果显示，本文从实时动态度量兴趣的角度，提出的推荐算法能较好地预测用户兴趣，推荐效果显著，为实现发现服务精准推荐提供思路。     

图书情报学领域学科交叉及其国家差异的动态分析

[目的/意义]领域知识的跨学科交叉研究能够打破学科间的壁垒,有助于发现重大科学问题的解决方案。[研究设计/方法]基于图书情报学领域文献题录信息构建轻量级领域知识图谱,从中提取学科信息、国家信息、时间信息及其关联,采用时间与空间相结合的多维度分析方法,对学科交叉的演化进程以及国家差异进行跟踪与分析。[结论/发现]图书情报学领域内学科交叉现象日渐显著,各国家的学科交叉程度与倾向存在差异,一些目前尚不突出的交叉学科方向值得关注。[创新/价值]采用多维度视角分析学科交叉现象,相关结论可以为国家科技战略制定及学科发展规划提供有益参考。     

Assessing library topics using sentiment analysis in R: a discussion and code sample

Abstract

This article discusses the use of R programing language for executing a sentiment analysis of tweets pertaining to library topics. This discussion is situated within the literature of marketing and management sciences, which is employing methods of machine learning and business intelligence to make informed decision-making, and library administration, which has expressed great interest in social media engagement within its literature but has yet to adopt these types of analysis. Presented in this article is a sample code with instructions on how users may execute it within R to retrieve and analyze tweets relevant to library services. Two examples created using the code (analysis of top librarians’ tweets and analysis of posts about major book publishers) are used to demonstrate the functionality of the code. The code presented in this article may be used by libraries to analyze tweets about their library and library-related topics, which, in turn, may inform management and marketing design.     

用户动机视角下的Altmetrics指标研究

[目的/意义]从用户动机视角对Altmetrics指标的本质和价值进行分析,使Altmetrics的应用更为科学合理。[研究设计/方法]首先对相关文献中的动机进行组织提炼与规范化表述。在此基础上引入用户行为理论解释和分析用户动机体现的指标价值。再选取Twitter提及量指标,使用内容分析法进行案例研究。[结论/发现]提炼出19种用户动机,其中有6种动机会降低指标应用价值。[创新/价值]探索Altmetrics数据的产生机制,在一定程度上回答了Altmetrics指标可用性问题。     

国际科研众筹项目的特征描述、主题分析及属性对比:基于Experiment平台的发现

[目的/意义]为了深入了解科研众筹平台中的项目情况,本文对科研众筹项目的基本特征、研究主题和不同类型科研众筹项目的属性对比进行研究。[研究设计/方法]首先对科研众筹的起源、价值和运作模式进行了梳理;随后爬取了科研众筹平台Experiment的项目信息,并对该平台中科研项目的发起者、背书者、项目记录、所属学科、资助情况等进行特征描述;基于LDA模型对科研众筹项目主题进一步细化,并对不同资金筹集和不同主题分类情况下的科研众筹项目的属性差异进行比较分析。[结论/发现]科研众筹主题主要集中在生物学和生态学两个领域,不同资金筹集达成情况的科研众筹项目在项目背书者数量、信息记录次数和讨论次数上具有显著差异;不同主题的科研众筹项目在其讨论次数上具有显著差异。同时,是否提供视频和是否参与资助挑战在不同资金筹集达成情况和不同主题的科研众筹项目上均具有显著差异。[创新/价值]深入分析了科研众筹平台中项目主题及属性对比情况,对科研众筹平台优化信息审核机制、社交机制和信息展示机制具有一定的参考价值。