中外情报学论文创新性特征研究

[目的/意义] 综合运用定性与定量相结合的方法对近年中外情报学论文的创新性进行分析和对比，揭示情报学领域研究的创新性特征，发现领域学术论文中创新句内部的知识关系，进行更细粒度的论文创新性分析，为研究领域创新点深层次利用提供条件，同时丰富科技论文创新性监测的途径，促进科学研究创新。[方法/过程] 从句子级创新性识别出发，选取中英文各两种情报学期刊作为样本，采用信息抽取和机器学习的方法，将创新句的抽取从现有的摘要扩展到全文，充分利用句子结构和句法特征识别领域创新内容，探讨近年中外情报学论文在创新对象、主题、类别等方面的特征，并做对比分析，最后通过对自动分类的论文集合进行定性的内容分析，总结归纳出中外情报学论文创新的表达范式。[结果/结论] 从创新的表达来看，中外情报学论文创新句的分布情况基本一致，英文期刊论文创新的表达更丰富。从创新性特征来看，英文情报学期刊论文创新主题较集中，而中文主题多样和分散；具体方法的创新是近年情报学领域的创新热点，而在研究方法上创新不足；中英文情报学期刊论文的创新性特点都反映了应用研究、实证研究的成果较多，而理论创新推动缓慢的趋势。     

汉语框架网络本体与VerbNet、WordNet集成研究

针对汉语框架网络本体（CFN）在词汇覆盖面及语义分析和推理中存在的不足,在充分分析其结构的基础上,通过将其与另外两大知识库WordNet和VerbNet的集成,以增强汉语框架网络本体的广度和深度,从而达到构建一个功能强大的汉语框架网络本体知识库的目的。     

"科学发展观与媒介化社会构建"系列报告之三我国社会的媒介影响与媒介依赖

大众媒介的飞速发展使人类社会步入媒介化时代.如今,媒介已经成为人们社会政治生活和日常生活中不可缺少的东西,人们对大众传媒的依赖性越来越大.大众媒介具有巨大的影响,它缔造了人们所处的大众文化环境,制约了人们的认知与行为,这种无形的影响力被认为是产生媒介化的主要原因.伴随着媒介对社会无孔不入的渗透,受众对媒介的依赖也愈发增强,突出地表现为人对媒介的工具性依赖和内容依赖.     

基于领域本体和语块分析的信息抽取的研究与实现

为了提高信息抽取过程中的语义深层次的理解和准确率,本文提出了一种基于领域本体和语块分析的语义信息抽取方法,在详细说明其信息抽取模型的基础上,重点针对命名实体识别、词性组合模板、基于本体的三元组和二元组规则等关键问题进行了深入的分析和研究,提出了相应的解决方法,并进行了相关试验性研究.结果表明:采用本文所述的系统结构及其技术构建文本信息抽取系统是可行的,其能在深层次语义理解的基础上进一步提高信息抽取的准确率.     

Public Libraries and the Opioid Crisis,Part 1: Context and Commitment

Public libraries have been significantly affected by the opioid crisis. The fact that patrons can enter libraries freely and do not need a reason to be there has resulted in overdoses occurring in many such buildings throughout the country. In response to this, library directors have developed plans of action that, in some cases, include training librarians to administer the opioid overdose reversal drug Naloxone. This present article – the first in a two-part study – is based on interviews with representatives from libraries that have been significantly affected by the opioid crisis. After describing these community circumstances, the authors analyze various ways that each library has prepared to respond to overdoses and other emergency situations.     

HTML到XML转换技术的研究与实现

网络上大多数的信息都是用HTML写的，这种语言不能处理网络上的很多需求，因为它只是一种用于浏览信息的语言，不能表达数据本身，网络还没有形成一个良好的结构化文档的存贮，而只是一个可变的HTML页的聚集，我们迫切希望来自网络资源的信息以一种结构化的方式来存贮。XML和它的各种扩展功能如数据模型、查询语言等是实现结构化方式的一种，是一种元语言，可以弥补很多HTML的不足。未来的网页会使用具有很好结构化的XML语言，但是现在这一阶段是过渡阶段，必须思考一种方法来实现HTML到XML的转换．以更好地利用网络资源。本文提出了一种实现HTML到XML转换的方法。     

Factors affecting smartphone dependency among the young in China

With rapid adoption of smartphones globally, the negative consequences of excessive smartphone use and dependency, especially among the young, has garnered more public attention recently. This study investigated the factors influencing smartphone dependency among the young. Using the Individual Media Dependency (IMD) perspective, this study proposed an extended IMD model to examine the influencing roles of six IMD goals, three psychological traits (self-esteem, leisure boredom, and sensation seeking), and smartphone use on smartphone dependency. A survey based on stratified random sampling was used to collect data from young smartphone users at one main public university in China. Structural equation modeling was then employed to examine the fit of the data to the model. The results identified four smartphone dependency symptoms, i.e. inability to control cravings, escape, feeling anxious, and productivity loss, and revealed the mechanisms between IMD goals, psychological traits, and smartphone dependency. The results showed that different IMD goals had significant impacts on different aspects of smartphone use, while smartphone use did not have a direct effect on smartphone dependency. The study provided important information, as it was among the first few to provide valuable references for both academicians and practitioners concerning smartphone dependency, which is still rarely explored in China.     

基于依存句法分析的中文专利候选术语选取研究

[目的/意义]针对中文专利候选术语选取方法存在需要对不同的数据集分别制定不同的模式匹配规则、专利术语抽取准确性不高等问题，本文提出基于依存句法分析的中文专利术语选取方法，以提高中文专利术语抽取准确性。[方法/过程]主要包括依存句法分析、剪枝、生成依存子树等三个主要步骤。首先对中文专利进行依存句法分析，得到依存树，对依存树进行剪枝，去除不符合要求的依存关系，生成依存子树，从中选取连续词串作为候选术语，以抽取中文专利术语。[结果/结论]实验结果表明，与已有的中文专利候选术语选取方法相比，本文提出的基于依存句法分析的中文候选术语选取方法能够有效地提高中文专利术语抽取的准确性。     

汉语框架网络问答系统问句处理研究

问句处理是问答系统的首要问题。汉语框架网络问答系统旨在以汉语框架网络本体为基础,选择法律领域作为研究对象,进行问句处理的研究,探索新型的问答系统设计技术,来满足用户准确检索信息的需求。本论文利用依存关系表示查询问句的句法关系,并将查询问句与问句模板库中的模板进行匹配,最终确定查询问句的配价模式,实现对查询问句的框架语义标注,为下一步基于问答的框架语义检索系统的设计奠定基础。     

Making e-government work: Adopting the network approach

Much of what was promised has not been delivered by e-government. This necessitates a better understanding of the critical factors necessary for making e-government work. While a number of factors are known to cause e-government failure, this knowledge has not translated into greater success in e-government implementation. This suggests that other, more deep-rooted issues may have remained unaddressed. The nature of modern governance implies that e-government should be looked upon as a network. Application of network concepts like the politics of partner selection, achievement of network goals, institutionalisation processes, network structuring and incentive design can make e-government projects more realistic. We analyse three projects in India based on these issues and argue how a network approach could lead to success of such initiatives. In addition, we show that adoption of a process focus can help in identifying the appropriate partners and facilitate other network processes.