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1.
ABSTRACT

The Mediated Social Communication (MSC) approach considers mass media a venue for opposing and complementary societal groups to publicly negotiate socially relevant topics. This negotiation is conducted through representatives of these groups and mediated by journalists. Inspired by the MSC approach, this paper presents an empirically grounded model that structures the mediating process through the process of quoting. By identifying the key phases of newswriting as sub-processes of quoting, the paper argues that journalists (1) decide on a topical issue to be addressed (topicalisation), (2) identify groups of people who are linked to this issue (societal localisation), (3) pick some people as representatives of these societal groups (personalisation), and (4) verbalise these people's points of view, often by means of quoting, inter alia (verbalisation). The four-phase model is then operationalised into a data collection method that facilitates access to and fosters new insights into the subtle dynamics of newswriting. Hitherto, these dynamics have often remained obscure, because the craft ethos is adopted as tacit knowledge through implicit socialisation and is therefore difficult for journalists to verbalise. The paper concludes by calling for reconsideration of journalists’ role as gatekeepers who decide which issues and voices are heard in public discourse.  相似文献   
2.
ABSTRACT

This paper examines how conservators engage with uncertainty when creating preventive conservation strategies. It argues that by recognising contexts in which uncertainty will be encountered conservators can develop effective management strategies. A typology of uncertainty explores a range of categories of uncertainty, their experience in preventive conservation and identifies distinct approaches to manage them. Managing uncertainty may include acts of defining its parameters, exposing and resolving through communication or protecting from with contingency. Whatever approach is adopted it must be accepted that uncertainty cannot be avoided. It is important therefore to aim to live well with uncertainty and the paper advocates for preventive conservation applications of strategies recommended in health care for patients with life-threatening illnesses. These strategies include working on things that can be controlled, goal setting, acceptance and factoring in emotions. The ability to identify contexts in which uncertainty is inbuilt should trigger those concerned with preventive conservation to activate strategies developed for managing and living well with uncertainty.  相似文献   
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科学、快速的科研决策是机构健康、科学发展的前提。如何有效地面向科研机构开展科技决策咨询,构建面向科研单元的科技咨询,是我国学科化服务当前重要发展方向。本文总结国内外科研决策咨询服务发展现状,揭示限制我国当前科研机构战略决策信息服务发展的各种问题,结合我国学科化服务现状,提出了面向科研机构开展科技战略决策服务的几点建议。  相似文献   
5.
This article presents the intervention process carried out on a work of art created by artist Yolanda Gutiérrez Acosta, using a series of ephemeral materials such as butterfly wings and agave thorns. The work, an installation from 2002, is entitled ‘Efímeras’ (‘Ephemera’) and consists of 12 flowers mounted on acetate sheets and attached to the same with vinyl acetate copolymers and acrylic acid esters (Mowilith®). These flowers are installed on the floor in a bed of dried flowers. The conservation of contemporary art can lead to some previously unimaginable problems for restorers. Current works of art are somewhat material in nature, but they also have a conceptual dimension that is essential for their artistic interpretation. The artist’s participation in the decision-making process prior to the restoration was quite useful. The passage of time, its effect on the work, and the need to understand the possibility of the demise and destruction of the work were implicit as of the onset of its creation, such that, according to the artist, we are forced to reflect upon the possibilities of its future state.  相似文献   
6.
近年来,我国城市公共危机事件频繁发生,传统的决策范式难以满足当前高度复杂性、高度不确定性危机治理需要。随着5G时代的到来,云计算、大数据、人工智能、物联网等信息技术加速融合,一种融合数据驱动和模型驱动的“数据-智慧”决策范式正在形成,应急情境、决策主体、方式方法、应急流程和决策目标也随之发生深刻转换。同时,依托“数据-智慧”模型的自动决策和人机协同决策功能,可以创新危机决策运行机制,驱动城市公共危机治理不断趋向于智能化、快捷化、精准化。  相似文献   
7.
公共危机信息管理是公共危机决策的基础与前提。运用交叉影响分析方法,揭示公共危机信息管理要素之间存在的层级结构及其影响力与依赖度差异,以此建立和完善公共危机预防管理机制、公共危机信息监测与预警机制、公共危机信息沟通机制、公共危机系统联动机制和公共危机知识管理机制,以解决公共危机决策过程中的信息问题,提高各级政府组织信息管理能力、改进危机决策质量。  相似文献   
8.
分析报废汽车回收与再制造产业模式,设计报废汽车回收与再制造过程信息综合追溯模型及框架系统,包括报废汽车信息追溯系统、回收与再制造过程信息管理系统、再制造工艺评价与决策系统、再制造产品信息跟踪系统等模块,利用现代的信息技术实现对汽车从整车到零部件、从生产到报废的信息化管理。  相似文献   
9.
关于智慧城市与城市应急决策情报体系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的/意义] 城市应急管理是当前政府机构和学术界关注的一个重要现实问题。基于智慧城市背景,从情报活动角度考察城市应急决策,对城市应急决策情报体系涉及的若干问题进行"智慧"解读,旨在为该情报体系的设计与实现提供理论指导。[方法/过程] 通过文献资料收集,总结城市应急决策情报体系的研究现状及其不足,并从"智慧"层面透视该情报体系的3个方面内容。[结果/结论] 第一,立足情报本征,情报要素是城市应急决策情报体系中的智慧"源";第二,技术理性与人文价值的整合凸显出城市应急决策情报体系的智慧"核",保证情报有效输出;第三,面向城市应急决策的快速响应情报体系的协同联动机制构建成为智慧"刃",实现情报流动与共享。三方面内容相互交叉、互为关联,并各有侧重,共同成为城市应急决策情报体系"智慧"之所在。  相似文献   
10.
高校图书馆的职能是为高校师生科研、教学提供有效信息,因此,在购书种类选择上,如何择优选出满足师生需求的书籍就成为购书最重要的环节。文章以学生为主体,根据学生对图书的主观偏好及其对图书各属性的评价信息,引入对方案的偏好信息为效用值的多属性决策情形,建立优化模型,对备选待购的图书进行择优排序,最大化地满足学生需求。  相似文献   
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