基于系统动态学方法的弱信号生命周期建模与仿真

[目的/意义]为增强弱信号的内涵研究，对其全生命周期过程下的各阶段要素以及要素间的联系进行探寻，以期获得一定程度上的理论贡献，同时也为相关组织在开展弱信号管理实践时提供理论指导。[方法/过程]在对弱信号概念研究现状进行梳理的基础上，结合意义构建理论给出了弱信号概念界定。随后，通过与信息生命周期、新兴议题生命周期进行类比，提出弱信号生命周期理念。进而采用系统动态学方法开展系统思考，使用因果回路图进行系统建模，运用存量流量图进行仿真模拟。[结果/结论]弱信号生命周期包含4个阶段：侦测、关联、传递、抉择，相应的系统动态学模型所具备的现实性得到验证，且通过情景模拟确认了4个关键辅助变量：外界噪声干扰程度、弱信号分析效率、组织内相互信任程度、决策者信任程度。在整体研究的基础上，给出弱信号管理过程中可能会遇到的障碍以及应对策略。     

产业集群网络组织间竞争情报模式

在网络成员弱联系关联和结构洞开拓的背景中,(集群)网络组织之间的竞争情报活动得以开展和扩展。文章分析了(集群)网络组织之间竞争情报产生的原因,提出了两种基于弱联系关联和结构洞开拓的(集群)网络组织间的竞争情报模式,即直接模式和间接模式,其中直接模式又包括行动者的先动性模式和网络合作伙伴的跟进性模式。     

基于弱信号的企业竞争情报搜集

介绍西方企业管理、技术预见、人际情报网络等领域的弱信号研究。从表现形式、信息确定性、有效信息量、情报价值、潜在危害5方面提炼弱信号内涵,提出企业竞争情报领域中弱信号的定义。认为企业竞争情报搜集应从运营领域、地域产品、经营历程、战略重点4方面划定弱信号探测范围,运用模糊集合理论提出一种定量测度弱信号的方法,并提出企业为保证对弱信号的高效反应所应采取的措施。     

基于LDA-BERT融合模型的弱信号识别研究【涉嫌严重学术不端撤稿】

[目的/意义] 针对现有弱信号全自动识别研究尚不完善的问题,提出基于LDA-BERT融合模型的弱信号全自动识别方法。[方法/过程] 基于无监督的LDA主题模型对文本数据集进行主题分类,构建主题和术语双层过滤函数从主题分类的结果中提取早期预警信号,通过紧密中心度、主题权重以及主题自相关性三大度量函数评价主题的弱性,并基于主题内术语的归一化频率和概率提取出弱信号。最后,运用BERT深度学习模型从语义层面对弱信号上下文及其类似词进行扩展。[结果/结论] 以2021年1月初疫情重爆发事件为例,使用爆发前三月的社交媒体新闻数据集对构建的系统模型进行验证。实验结果表明,该方法可有效检测出相关弱信号,并挖掘出弱信号随时间推移逐渐增强的演化特性。此外,该融合模型在实现弱信号全自动识别的同时,也表现出较单一模型更强的结果可解释能力。     

Convexity in scientific collaboration networks

Convexity in a network (graph) has been recently defined as a property of each of its subgraphs to include all shortest paths between the nodes of that subgraph. It can be measured on the scale [0, 1] with 1 being assigned to fully convex networks. The largest convex component of a graph that emerges after the removal of the least number of edges is called a convex skeleton. It is basically a tree of cliques, which has been shown to have many interesting features. In this article the notions of convexity and convex skeletons in the context of scientific collaboration networks are discussed. More specifically, we analyze the co-authorship networks of Slovenian researchers in computer science, physics, sociology, mathematics, and economics and extract convex skeletons from them. We then compare these convex skeletons with the residual graphs (remainders) in terms of collaboration frequency distributions by various parameters such as the publication year and type, co-authors’ birth year, status, gender, discipline, etc. We also show the top-ranked scientists by four basic centrality measures as calculated on the original networks and their skeletons and conclude that convex skeletons may help detect influential scholars that are hardly identifiable in the original collaboration network. As their inherent feature, convex skeletons retain the properties of collaboration networks. These include high-level structural properties but also the fact that the same authors are highlighted by centrality measures. Moreover, the most important ties and thus the most important collaborations are retained in the skeletons.     

A Measure of Weak-Tie/Strong-Tie Support Network Preference

This article reports two studies designed to develop and test a weak-tie/strong-tie support network preference scale. A theoretical framework for developing the measure and empirical tests of the underlying dimensions in two distinct populations is presented along with an assessment of the scale's validity and reliability, and hypotheses are tested regarding the support network preferences of the two populations. The application and utility of the four subscales comprising the W/STS is discussed along with the scale's implications for the study and advancement of applied research concerning social support networks.     

日本公共图书馆商务支援服务的启示

商务支援服务是日本图书馆界最近一个时期的热门话题。本文对日本图书馆界的商务支援服务理念，以及这一领域的活动方式、活动组织等作了系统的分析。同时，讨论了国内公共图书馆为中小型企业的发展、各层次学校毕业生的创业以及下岗人员等社会弱势群体的再就业，提供相应的图书馆信息服务——“商务支援”类服务的可能性。     

信息社会中图书馆对残疾人的信息无障碍服务与信息素养教育

论文论述了图书馆对残疾人提供信息无障碍服务以及进行信息素养教育的重要性、必要性、必然性、可能性和艰巨性，提出了信息无障碍服务与信息素养教育的方法和途径。     

企业竞争情报中弱信号获取及其影响因素

介绍弱信号在企业竞争情报工作中的作用,总结出弱信号的各种特点与相应的获取原则,尝试提出企业竞争情报部门获取弱信号的方法,并以任天堂战胜索尼游戏的例子对此方法进行实证分析,最终探讨弱信号获取过程中影响获取结果的各种因素。