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1.
Well-preserved miospores have been observed in the Urubu River area from the western part of the Amazon Basin, northern Brazil, in rocks belonging to the uppermost Pitinga and Manacapuru Formations. A previous palynological work based on chitinozoans has dated these strata as Late Ludlow, Early Pridoli and Early Lochkovian. Although samples are relatively poor in miospores, the present study reveals the most diversified Silurian-Earliest Lochkovian palynoflora ever reported from South America, an interval where miospore information is still very rare. Sixty-four species have been identified, of which two are new (Artemopyra urubuense and Retusotriletes amazonensis). One single specimen attributed to the genus Grandispora, identical to unpublished forms identified by one of us (P.S.) in Lochkovian sections of Saudi Arabia, has been found in a Lochkovian sample from the Urubu River. These constitute the oldest geological record of Grandispora. Among the abundant acritarchs, specimens of the genus Schizocystia have been observed for the first time in pre-Devonian rocks.Although the Late Silurian-Early Lochkovian miospore biostratigraphy is still in its infancy in South America, it seems that Amazon Basin assemblages do not show significant differences in composition in comparison to coeval palynofloras from other areas of northwestern Gondwana. This is surprising since the miospore localities under consideration are widely distributed over high to low paleolatitudes, i.e. from cool temperate to dry subtropical belts. Conversely, Siluro-Devonian Gondwanan assemblages differ considerably from the contemporary palynofloras of the Old Red Sandstone Continent and adjacent areas, thus contradicting recent phytogeographic interpretations based on megafloras.  相似文献   
2.
近年来在下扬子地区页岩气地质调查井所获取的地层岩心资料,揭示该地区下志留统风暴沉积较为发育。基于精细的岩心观察描述,详细分析了下扬子地区下志留统高家边组下段中上部风暴沉积的特征,并阐明了风暴作用对泥页岩的影响。研究表明:研究区风暴岩岩性偏细,以粉砂岩为主,石英含量较高,结构成熟度较低,具2种不同的粒度概率曲线;主要发育底部冲刷面、块状层理、平行层理、丘状交错层理、波纹交错层理、准同生变形构造等沉积构造;垂向上主要识别出4种风暴沉积序列,均具有从底到顶粒度变细的沉积特征,不同的沉积序列与风暴流能量的强弱有关。下扬子地区早志留世频繁的风暴活动与研究区的古地理背景和古气候条件具有内在联系。特大型风暴对浅海陆棚深水区的细粒泥质沉积物特征产生重要影响,包括降低有机质含量、减少单层厚度、破坏垂向连续性、改变原始沉积构造和侧向稳定性等,总体上降低了泥页岩的品质。因此,研究认为在页岩气的勘探和评价过程中应重视风暴因素对陆棚深水区原始泥质沉积物的影响。  相似文献   
3.
The silicified Wenlockian (Silurian) bivalve fauna from MÖllbos, Gotland, is part of a life assemblage. The vast number of shells show unusual phenomena, e.g. shell repair, pearl and tumour formation, etc. A number of shells contain epibionts and bored, round holes. Presumptive predators of the bivalve community are discussed. Size-frequency distribution of the two most abundant species possibly reflects age classes. The fauna, comprising eleven species, is dominated by deposit-feeders (90 %). They exhibit niche diversification, including at least three different feeding levels within the sediment.  相似文献   
4.
西秦岭是开展华南板块志留/泥盆系界线层序研究的一个重要地区.该区普通沟剖面中的志留/泥盆系过渡带包括羊路沟组上部和下普通沟组下部,产丰富的鱼类微体化石,包括花鳞鱼类、棘鱼类、软骨鱼类及盾皮鱼类.这些化石构成两个完全不同的鱼类微体化石组合:羊路沟组合和下普通沟组合.通过与波罗的海等地区鱼类微体化石带的对比,羊路沟和下普通沟组合的地质时代分别为志留纪普里道利世晚期和早泥盆世洛霍考夫期早期.西秦岭地区志留/泥盆系过渡带中的鱼类微体化石及其组合序列的研究,为该区志留/泥盆系界线的精确确定提供了重要的古鱼类学证据.  相似文献   
5.
记述了云南曲靖潇湘区关底组(志留系罗德洛统)真盔甲鱼类一新属、新种——长孔盾鱼(Dunyu longiforus gen.et sp.nov.),丰富了以梦幻鬼鱼为代表的潇湘脊椎动物群的组成.该新属具真盔甲鱼科的鉴别特征:后眶上管和中背管二者连续过渡,后端两侧辏合呈“U”字形,侧背管仅发出3条侧横管.新属内角缺如,这一特征过去在真盔甲鱼科中仅见于真盔甲鱼属.新属区别于真盔甲鱼属的主要特征有:角向后方延伸,呈棘状或叶状;头甲最宽处位于角末端之前,宽长比小于1.1;中背孔末端超越眶孔后缘连线.基于对秀山真盔甲鱼头甲标本的重新观察,将秀山真盔甲鱼归入盾鱼属.新种区别于秀山盾鱼(Dunyu xiushanensis)的特征有:个体较大,头甲长大于宽;角呈棘状;眶孔位置相对靠前,头甲眶前区与眶后区的长度之比小于0.75;多边形崮状瘤点,较大,长可超过2 mm.  相似文献   
6.
7.
为了确定东天山觉罗塔格带东段玉海地区中酸性侵入岩的形成时代、源区性质及其构造属性,本文对该区中酸性侵入岩进行了系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、全岩地球化学以及Sr-Nd同位素分析。2个样品中的锆石在CL图像上具明显振荡环带,Th/U值为0.28~0.59,指示其岩浆成因。对岩浆锆石定年结果表明,它们主要形成于早志留世(433.2~431.2 Ma),代表了寄主岩石的形成时代。样品w(SiO2)=57.88%~69.01%,w(Na2O)=3.46%~5.07%,w(K2O)=0.50%~1.65%,Na2O/K2O=4.26~6.79,Mg#=45.1~52.3,A/CNK=0.89~1.00;稀土配分模式呈右倾型,LREE/HREE=5.55~11.47,(La/Yb)N=4.18~13.54,δEu=0.82~1.25;在微量元素蛛网图上表现为大离子亲石元素(Ba、U、K、Sr等)相对富集和高场强元素(Th、Ti、Nb、Ta)相对亏损;全岩εNdt)值介于6.1~7.0之间。研究表明,早志留世中酸性侵入岩的岩浆源区主要为年轻地壳物质,结合火成岩的组合特征、岩浆作用性质以及区域构造演化历史,认为早志留世中酸性侵入岩形成于康古尔洋板片向北(吐-哈地块)俯冲的活动大陆边缘环境,从而将康古尔大洋板片北向俯冲的时限追溯至早志留世。  相似文献   
8.
卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带是东准噶尔重要的组成部分,该蛇绿岩带沿卡拉麦里山呈NWW向展布,延伸约400 km,主要由橄榄岩、辉长岩、斜长花岗岩和少量的硅质岩组成。选取蛇绿岩带西段呈团块状出露的辉长岩斜锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石 U-Pb 测年得出,辉长岩谐和年龄为(434.4±2.7) Ma(MSWD=0.87),加权平均年龄为(436.4±2.5) Ma(MSWD=0.59),属早志留世。截至目前,该年龄是卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩中测得的最早年龄,标志着卡拉麦里洋盆在早志留世就已经开始拉张形成,即在扎河坝—阿尔曼太蛇绿岩所代表的洋盆闭合前,卡拉麦里洋盆就已经存在。  相似文献   
9.
Earliest Rhuddanian (Silurian) brachiopods are recorded from the basal part of the Lower Llandovery Shiyang and Anji formations in western Zhejiang and northeastern Jiangxi provinces, East China. Associated graptolites including Normalograptus jerini indicate the lowest Rhuddanian Akidograptus ascensus Biozone. The surviving brachiopod fauna includes 19 genera dominated by orthids and strophomenids, whereas pentamerids and atrypids that inhabited mainly warmer water regimes, and were almost absent in the cool/cold Hirnantia Fauna, occur rarely in the studied fauna. Each family is represented by a single genus that seeded their recovery. The predominance of these long-ranging and widely distributed genera is one of major characters of the brachiopod survival in east China. From qualitative and quantitative analysis of faunal composition, diversity and abundance, with evidences from palaeoecology and palaeogeography, the Levenea qianbeiensis Association, Katastrophomena-Leptaena-Levenea Association, and Glyptorthis-Epitomyonia-Levenea Association are recognized and assigned to BA (Benthic Assemblage) 2, BA3, and an ecozone close to the BA3-4 boundary respectively. No Lazarus genera are recorded in this study. Skenidioides and Epitomyonia were chiefly regarded as deeper-water taxa in the Ordovician and Silurian, but are recorded from shallow-water in east China during the early Rhuddanian, indicating an ecologic experiment with these taxa migrating from deep into shallower, better-oxygenated sites at the crisis time and during the subsequent survival interval. This study further demonstrates that the brachiopod faunal turnover after the end-Ordovician extinctions may not have been completed until the late Rhuddanian in South China.  相似文献   
10.
High resolution(939 samples)total organic carbon content(TOC)analyses were conducted on the Shuanghe Section of^152.6 m in the Changning area,Sichuan Basin.The sampling section was divided into two units considering the distinct-different deposit environment and sediments accumulation rate.The lower part(Unit 1)and the peer part(Unit 2)with high resolution sample spacing(0.08–0.4 m)enables the identification of the precession cycle in two sedimentary sequences with distinct different sedimentary accumulation rate.MTM Power spectral analyses on untuned TOC series reveals significant peaks exceeding above the 95%confidence level and shows that both Unit 1 and Unit 2 have recorded Milankovitch cycles of 405 kyr long eccentricity,short eccentricity,obliquity and precession.The floating astronomical time scale(ATS)was constructed on the Shuanghe Section in the Early Silurian(~439.673–444.681 Ma),and which was calibrated by 405 kyr long eccentricity cycles.The total duration of the Wufeng and Longmaxi shales is 5.01 Myr.The floating ATS used for estimating the duration of the graptolite zones and each stage in the study interval.Finally,we postulated two models that could verify the linkage between orbital cycle and organic accumulation.To make sure whether productivity or preservation is the main factor that under long eccentricity control,the phase correlation between the obtained filtered signal and the theoretical orbital solution should be made clear in the further research.  相似文献   
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