Introducing the Food Fraud Initial Screening model (FFIS)

Food Fraud is illegal deception for economic gain using food. There are many types of fraud including adulterant-substances, tampering, theft, diversion and gray marketing, simulations, misbranded, and intellectual property rights product counterfeiting. The concept is beginning to be addressed by laws, regulations, standards, and certifications. Regardless of the presence of an actual health hazard, Food Fraud incidents can: negatively impact sales, brand equity, market capitalization; violate regulations such as Sarbanes-Oxley; and even lead to the criminal prosecution of corporate leaders. Emerging regulations and industry standards are requiring risk and vulnerability assessments of Food Fraud as a prerequisite to countermeasures and decision-making systems. These assessments and risk management systems are not familiar food safety tools. It is effective and efficient to utilize an enterprise risk management (ERM) framework, such as developed by the Committee of the Sponsoring Companies of the Treadway Commission (COSO). ERM risk assessment occurs into two stages: (1) a qualitative initial screening followed by (2) a more detailed quantitative assessment. All types of Food Fraud can result in enterprise-wide risks so an enterprise risk management system must cover all types of vulnerabilities. The model developed in this paper addresses the unmet need of the first stage referred to here as the Food Fraud Initial Screening (FFIS).     

Death and resurrection of copyright between law and technology

The paper reviews copyright philosophical, economic and social justification confronted by the dematerialization of creative outputs. Digital Rights Management (DRM) is the tool implemented by copyright owners to adjust to the advent of the Digital Era. The claim is that DRM effectively addresses digital threats and market failures. If this is true, what is left of the role of copyright law in the digital environment? This review suggests an argument for traditional copyright justifications to resist in the digital environment. As a consequence, digital tools such as DRM need to be engineered according to these justifications, in order to preserve the balance between law and technology.     

Hydraulic bureaucracies and Irrigation Management Transfer in Uzbekistan: the case of Samarkand Province

Since the 1990s, Irrigation Management Transfer has been considered the world over to be a policy aimed at rolling back state influence in water management according to a neo-liberal approach. The initiative was endorsed by international organizations as a way of reforming the water sector in developing countries. Reflecting on this process, the role of hydraulic bureaucracies in driving reforms oriented towards IMT has often been neglected in academic debate. This article discusses the logic of IMT implementation and the establishment of Water Users' Associations (WUAs) in Uzbekistan, specifically in Samarkand province. These dynamics have been analysed over the last 10 years showing different trajectories within Uzbekistan. Data were collected through extensive fieldwork in three districts in Samarkand province. The evidence acquired shows that, on the one hand, WUAs were established to be a new structure for state control over water and agriculture, in conflict with IMT rationale, and, on the other, that WUAs were created in the province as a result of a local initiative promoted by the hydraulic bureaucracy and accepted by the national authorities due to influential power relations.     

基于PHM的企业联盟加工过程质量控制技术研究

在网络化制造环境下,由于企业联盟具有信息化、集成化、全球化和动态化的特点,对传统的质量控制技术提出了新的要求.基于预测与健康管理( PHM)技术对网络化制造环境下的机械加工过程质量控制进行探索,提出一种由设备层、分布式信息处理层、网络构架层,以及管理与决策层构成的系统体系结构与实施方案,并给出了基于模糊专家系统和模糊神经网络的故障诊断方法.     

当前企业计量工作的现状和发展

本本文分析企业计量工作在工作标准模式、测量设备的配备和量值管理、计控一体化模式、目前的困难和不足、计量管理的信息化、网络化等五个大的方面系统地提出了建议和思路,对当前企业计量工作应采纳的国际先进的管理标准、人员的管理要求、测量设备的配备和量值管理、企业自动化控制发展方向和阶段性目标、如何克服目前的困难、改进不足以及如何建立企业计量工作网络、开展计量管理信息化工程均进行了详细的阐述。     

企业应收账款管理问题的再探讨

应收账款是商业信用的产物,是企业拥有的经过一定期间才能兑现的债权,企业的风险很多是因为销货后客户不能及时收回货款而造成的,因此,应收帐款管理一直是企业正常生产经营的“老大难”问题。将试图从新的视角对应收账款管理的症结进行原因分析,提出加强应收账款管理的对策及措施。     

Cost-Estimating Tools for Low-Impact Development Best Management Practices: Challenges, Limitations, and Implications

Tools were developed for estimating costs of vegetative roofs, rainwater catchment systems, and bioretention facilities. These tools provide a detailed framework to facilitate cost estimation for capital costs, operation and maintenance costs, and life-cycle net present value. The tools can provide users with planning-level cost estimates and serve as a format for cost-reporting for past, current, and future projects. Very little cost data was available in the public forum, and prolific inconsistencies of supporting details were found in the available cost data. To address this, design assumptions were established for each facility type and professionally prepared cost estimates based on these design assumptions were used. Electives in design, such as plant selection and media depth, also greatly affected costs. To make the user aware of these effects, the model separates each option into line items that can be elected or excluded as appropriate. To facilitate collecting future cost data, best management practice (BMP) designers and builders should use these tools to record actual costs and report them to a clearinghouse such as the BMP Database.     

试论我国政府危机管理能力提升的长效路径

社会转型期,国内外突发事件频发,政府作为公共管理的主体,在危机管理中起主导作用。政府危机管理能力的高低能体现一个政府的管理水平、负责任程度及其公信力。目前来看,我国政府危机管理能力与现阶段的发展相比,还不协调。本文从组织建设、管理制度、决策效率、信息沟通和资源整合等方面提出加强我国政府危机管理能力的对策建议。[关键词]危机政府危机管理能力路径     

未来轰炸机热管理系统方案及关键技术浅析

通过对国外飞机先进热管理系统的分析,提出了我国未来轰炸机机的综合热管理系统,并对系统的初步方案及关键技术进行了初步分析,为国内研制未来轰炸机热管理系统系统提供了参考。     

Secure Software Configuration Management Processes for nuclear safety software development environment

The main difference between nuclear and generic software is that the risk factor is infinitely greater in nuclear software – if there is a malfunction in the safety system, it can result in significant economic loss, physical damage or threat to human life. However, secure software development environment have often been ignored in the nuclear industry. In response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) revised the Regulatory Guide (RG 1.152-2006) “Criteria for use of computers in safety systems of nuclear power plants” to provide specific security guidance throughout the software development life cycle. Software Configuration Management (SCM) is an essential discipline in the software development environment. SCM involves identifying configuration items, controlling changes to those items, and maintaining integrity and traceability of them. For securing the nuclear safety software, this paper proposes a Secure SCM Processes (S²CMP) which infuses regulatory security requirements into proposed SCM processes. Furthermore, a Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is adopted to describe S²CMP, which is intended to enhance the communication between regulators and developers.