不同围压下自激吸气脉冲射流喷嘴吸气性能的试验研究

深水条件冲沙时,改善自激脉冲射流喷嘴的吸气性能,可以提高射流的打击力和泥沙颗粒的悬浮高度,及延长泥沙颗粒的输移长度.因此,研究自激脉冲射流喷嘴的吸气性能有重要意义.利用自行研制的试验系统对自激吸气脉冲射流喷嘴的吸气性能进行了试验研究,运用无量纲分析法,对一定入口条件下各结构参数和运行参数配比对无量纲吸气量的影响进行分析,得出了深水条件下无量纲吸气量随自激脉冲射流喷嘴各无量纲参数的变化规律,确定了产生高效能脉冲射流相对吸气量的无量纲参数的范围,为脉冲射流喷嘴的结构设计优化提供理论依据.     

Reasonable location parameters of pick and nozzle in combined cutting system简

The drum shearer and high pressure water jet combined cutting system is an effective technology to cut hard coal-rock, but one problem of the technology is the choice of pick and nozzle location parameters. In order to solve the problem, the process and mechanism of combined cutting arc studied and mining seepage catastrophe theory is used to construct the mathematic and physical model of combined cutting hard coal-rock. Based on the model and detailed analysis of combined cutting mechanism, the single pick and nozzle combined cutting test-bed is built to test the main pick and nozzle location parameters of drum shearer and water jet combined cutting system. Test results show that the best vertical distance between the pick-tip and nozzle center point is the sum of cutting thickness and proper target distance in the Y axial direction; the best horizontal distance is the length between pick-tip point and coal-rock surface bursting crack point in the X axial direction. The best incident angle of water jet should be the same as the bursting crack line＇s angle in theory, but considering other important factors comprehensively, it is more reasonable when the incident angle of water jet is 90°.     

A novel contour design technique of super/hypersonic nozzle diverging section with sharing throat

A straightforward technique has been developed to quickly determine the wall contour of super/hypersonic nozzles working at multiply Mach number which share a common throat section.Mach number distribution along the centerline of the nozzle is specified in advance and divided into two sections,both of which are described by the b-spline function.The first section is shared by different exit Mach number nozzles.The nozzle contour is determined by the method of characteristics plus boundary layer correction.An example of this design method is employed to illustrate the technique with a computational fluid dynamics calculation.The simulation results indicate that desired Mach numbers are obtained at the nozzle exit,and the good flow quality is attained for different nozzles within δMa/Ma±0.56% in the flow core region.This technique improves the design precision of the converging-diverging nozzle,cancels waves completely,and achieves nozzles with multiple Mach number exiting which share a common throat section.     

喷嘴湿气井两相流在线计量装置研究及应用

传统的湿气井计量大多采用分离法,存在工艺流程复杂、造价高昂、占地面积大等缺陷。研制了以喷嘴为节流元件的湿气井气液两相流在线计量装置。应用Fluent软件仿真模拟了单相气、单相液、气液两相流过装置的流动特性,计算了虚高系数,建立了气液两相含率在线计量模型。CFD研究及现场应用表明:该装置模型计量精度高,气相计量误差在5%以内,液相计量误差在8%以内。该装置结构简单,可以将温度、压力、差压、气流量、液流量集成在一个表头显示,可以异地重复使用,维护量少,降低计量设备安装与维护成本,满足气田开发工程计量的需要。     

电弧喷涂枪的研究与设计

研究了喷涂电弧特点、喷嘴理论以及目前国内外最常用电弧喷涂枪的结构及其特点，提出了2种改进设计方案，最后介绍了电弧喷涂喷枪的最新发展状况。     

基于CFD的液氮消防喷嘴两相流数值分析

为了研究液氮消防喷嘴的射流特性,对氮气和水混合喷射的两相流喷嘴建立数学模型和几何模型,利用计算流体力学的方法对气液两相流射流流场的速度、压力、密度等物性参数进行数值模拟仿真分析。并改变喷嘴的入口、出口以及总长度等参数进行仿真,对比不同参数时的射流速度,从而得到喷嘴的最佳尺寸参数。压力仿真云图的结果表明,喷嘴弯折处易出现负压,因此在设计时应将喷嘴设计成曲线型。     

不同缩扩比喷嘴出口流场特性的有限元分析

利用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS的FLOTRAN CFO模块对粉体加工中使用较多的简单内型收缩扩张型喷嘴进行了分析计算,总结出不同缩扩比对喷嘴出口流场的影响.     

工业采暖锅炉中水煤浆喷嘴的失效分析

采用X射线能谱仪（EDS）、金相显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）等设备对失效的水煤浆喷嘴的化学成分、微观组织及断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明，喷嘴材料中Ni含量偏低及高温渗硫所引起的S含量超标是导致喷嘴开裂的主要原因。同时提出了采用含钛铬镍奥氏体不锈钢及表面渗铝等相应改进措施以防止喷嘴失效。     

双主流道注射模设计

注射模中的长型芯若受到塑料熔体侧压力则易发生弹性弯曲变形,这种情况成为塑件成型的一种障碍。介绍双主流道模具及注射机双喷嘴机构能在模具结构简单的前提下,提供成对浇口,使长型芯受到的塑料熔体压力保持平衡,明显地减少弹性弯曲变形。     

喷嘴的几何结构对快速凝固铝合金粉末特性的影响

在试验工厂用限制性设计(confined design)的喷嘴进行气体雾化铝合金的试验,研究了喷嘴的几何结构对快速凝固金属粉末粒度的影响。试验中用N_2作雾化气体(以1.56兆帕的压力)雾化AA2014铝合金。结果表明,喷嘴的几何形状和尺寸对粉末粒度有很大影响。具有收敛-扩张型气体通道的小喷嘴生产的粉末较细;而仅具有收敛型气体通道的喷嘴或大直径喷嘴生产的粉末相对来说较粗一些。气体通道的喉颈面积小的喷嘴由于生产金属粉末的速率低时形成薄片,因而其使用受到了限制。当喉颈面积增大到输送气体的流速大于或等于3倍粉末生产速率时,喷嘴能很好地工作且不出现薄片。通过试验获得了输液管突出部分的高度最佳值,该高度小于或大于这个最佳值时就会形成粗大的粉粒。