血浆同型半胱氨酸及其相关硫醇物在全血中的稳定性研究

目的 观察含EDTA的全血样本放置时间、保存温度以及不同稳定剂对血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)及其相关硫醇物水平的影响.方法 用含EDTA、EDTA-氟化钠(EDTA-NaF)、EDTA-3-Deazaadenosine(EDTA-3DA)的试管收集17名健康成人静脉血,置于碎冰上(0～4 ℃)或室温中(25 ℃)保存,放置0、3、6、24、48 h后分离血浆.用HPLC法测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸(tHcy)、总半胱氨酸(total cysteine,tCys)、总半胱氨酰甘氨酸(total cysteinylglycine,tCysGly)、总谷胱甘肽(total glutathione,tGSH)浓度.设定全血样本0 h分离血浆所测硫醇物浓度为基础值.结果 EDTA管在室温中放置3、6、24、48 h,tHcy分别增加38.5%、64.2%、141.9%、225.4%;tCysGly、tGSH在3 h分别增加20.0%、37.9%,tCys则降低3.5%.EDTA管在碎冰上保存,各硫醇物浓度6 h内增加不超过5%.EDTA-3DA和EDTA-NaF管在室温放置3 h,与各自基础值相比,血浆tHcy、tCys、tCysGly、tGSH浓度差异无统计学意义(EDTA-3DA管:F值分别为0.01、0.94、0.09、0.01,P值均>0.05;EDTA-NaF管:F值分别为0.85、0.04、0.03、0.02,P值均>0.05).结论 EDTA抗凝血浆,所测tHcy及其相关硫醇物浓度呈时间、温度依赖性增加.血浆tHcy等硫醇物测定的分析前处理条件必须标准化.EDTA-3DA和EDTA-NaF管可使血浆tHcy、tCys、tCysGly、tGSH在室温中至少稳定3 h.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of different stabilizers, time and temperature before centrifugation on the stability of homocysteine (Hcy) and other related thiols levels involving EDTA-containing whole blood.Methods Blood was drawn from 17 healthy adults and collected into tubes containing EDTA, EDTA plus NaF and EDTA plus 3-deazaadenosine(3DA),then stored on crush ice(0-4 ℃) immediately or at room temperature(25 ℃).Plasma was separated at 0, 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours, respectively.The levels of plasma total Hcy (tHcy), total cysteine (tCys), tatal cysteinylglycine (tCysGly) and tatal glutathione (tGSH) were measured by HPLC.The plasma immediately separated was used as baseline sample. Results In EDTA tubes stored at room temperature, tHcy levels increased by 38.5%, 64.2%, 141.9%, 225.4% for 3, 6, 24, and 48 h, respectively.The levels of tCysGly and tGSH increased by 20.0% and 37.9% within 3 h, however, tCys decreased by 3.5%.The levels of the thiols increase by less than 5% up to 6 h in EDTA tubes stored on crush ice.In EDTA-3DA and EDTA-NaF tubes, no statistical differences were observed in the plasma levels of tHcy, tCys,tCysGly and tGSH compared with their respective baseline values at room temperature for 3 h(EDTA-3DA tubes:F=0.01,0.94,0.09,0.01,all P>0.05;EDTA-NaF tubes:F=0.85,0.04,0.03,0.02,all P>0.05).Conclusions The EDTA-plasma levels of tHcy and other related thiols are time and temperature-dependent. There is a strong need for standardization of blood sample collection and processing in tHcy and other thiols assays. The plasma concentrations of tHcy, tCys, tCysGly and tGSH were stable for 3 h at least in the EDTA-3DA and EDTA-NaF tubes kept at room temperature.     

谷氨酰胺对内毒素血症大鼠肠道损伤的保护作用及对血红素加氧酶-1表达的影响

目的 探讨谷氨酰胺(Glu)对内毒素血症大鼠肠道损伤的保护作用以及对血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)表达的影响.方法 按随机数字表法将32只雄性SD 大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、Glu组和Glu+锌原卟啉(ZnPP)组,每组8只.腹腔注射内毒素脂多糖(LPS)10 mg/kg制备内毒素血症动物模型.Glu组注射LPS前12 h灌胃Glu 1 g/kg;Glu+ZnPP组注射LPS前12 h灌胃Glu 1 g/kg,注射LPS前1 h静脉注射ZnPP 10 mmol/kg.术后12 h取回肠组织,测定髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量,并进行肠组织学评分;用免疫组化法检测回肠组织HO-1表达.结果 与正常对照组比较,模型组回肠组织学评分、MPO活性及TNF-α、IL-10含量显著升高[组织学评分(分):3.3±0.4比1.1±0.6,MPO活性(U/g):0.40±0.08比0.26±0.07,TNF-α含量(ng/g):25.2±6.9比6.5±2.8,IL-10含量(ng/g):27.6±10.2比5.7±2.9,均P<0.01];HO-1表达较低.与模型组比较,Glu组组织学评分、MPO活性和TNF-α含量明显减低[组织学评分(分):1.6±0.5比3.3±0.4,MPO活性(U/g):0.25±0.05比0.40±0.08,TNF-α含量(ng/g):13.4±3.2比25.2±6.9,均P<0.01],IL-10含量(ng/g)显著升高(47.3±5.5比27.6±10.2,P<0.01),HO-1表达明显增加.Glu+ZnPP组与模型组各指标比较差异无统计学意义.结论 Glu能明显增强内毒素血症大鼠肠组织HO-1表达,明显减轻肠道炎症反应,从而保护肠黏膜.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effect of glutamine (Glu) pretreatment on intestinal injury induced by endotoxin and expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in rats.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 in each group): normal control group, model group, Glu group and Glu+zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) group. In model group, endotoxemia was produced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg). In Glu group, the rats received intragastraiclly 1 g/kg of Glu 12 hours before LPS intraperitoneal injection. In Glu+ZnPP group, the rats received 1 g/kg of Glu by gavage 12 hours before LPS intraperitoneal injection and ZnPP 10 mmol/kg intravenously via tail vein 1 hour before LPS injection. The distal ileum was harvested in full thickness 12 hours after LPS injection. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the intestine were determined, the pathologic changes were observed and expressed in Chiu grade. The expression of HO-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry method. Results Compared with normal control group, the Chiu grade, MPO activity, the content of TNF-α and IL-10 were significantly increased in model group [Chiu grade: 3.3±0.4 vs. 1.1±0.6, MPO activity (U/g): 0.40±0.08 vs. 0.26±0.07, TNF-α (ng/g): 25.2±6.9 vs. 6.5±2.8, IL-10 (ng/g): 27.6±10.2 vs. 5.7±2.9, all P<0.01], and the expression of HO-1 was decreased. Compared with model group, the Chiu grade, MPO activity, the content of TNF-α in Glu group were significantly decreased [Chiu grade: 1.6±0.5 vs. 3.3±0.4, MPO activity (U/g): 0.25±0.05 vs. 0.40±0.08, the content of TNF-α (ng/g): 13.4±3.2 vs. 25.2±6.9, all P<0.01], while the level of IL-10 (ng/g) elevated (47.3±5.5 vs. 27.6±10.2, P<0.01), and the expression of HO-1 was increased. There was no difference in above mentioned indexes between model group and Glu+ZnPP group. Conclusion Glu pretreatment significantly ameliorates the expression of HO-1 of intestinal tissue induced by LPS in rats, and intestinal mucosa is protected with alleviation of inflammatory reaction in intestinal tract.     

肝脓肿三种疗法和时机的选择

本文作者总结了208例肝脓肿的治疗经验教训,就肝脓肿三种治疗方法 和时机选择有关问题进行详细讨论,认为细菌性肝脓肿的治疗方法 和时机的选择完全有赖于临床的动态观察,这就不仅要根椐病史,体征和辅助检查,而且还要对脓肿的类型,脓肿的数量,大小部位,液化程度以及脓液的多少等作出客观的分析诊断.只有在充分了解上术情况的基础上并根据患者的不同情况给予选择恰当地疗法:一,药物治疗.二,B超引导下经皮肝穿刺排脓或置管引流者.三,选择手术或腹腔镜引流治疗.这样才能取得良好的治疗效果.     

超声在结构性心脏病复合畸形介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨超声在结构性心脏病复合畸形介入治疗监测引导中的临床价值。方法超声对21例结构性心脏病复合畸形患者进行了介入封堵治疗过程中检测,对缺损均进行观测大小、形态,缺损缘与三尖瓣、主动脉瓣的距离,术后观察封堵器位置、形态、大小及周边有无异常分流。结果 21例患者中20例符合或基本符合封堵条件,在超声引导和所测缺损最大径的基础上,选择适当封堵器及确定动脉导管未闭封堵器大小和形态,并按顺序先后对复合畸形进行封堵,均取得了封堵牢固及无残余分流的良好效果。结论超声心动图在结构性心脏病复合畸形介入中发挥着重要和不可替代的作用。     

肺隐球菌病

介绍肺隐球菌病的临床表现、诊断和治疗方法。     

曲靖市麻疹疫苗强化免疫控制麻疹效果分析

<正>自实施儿童计划免疫以来,曲靖市麻疹发病大幅度下降。2001年发病率2.31/10万,为历史最低水平。2001年后,全市麻疹疫情回升,其中,2004-2007年累计报告麻疹病例4 461例,年平均发病率19.02/10万,麻疹控制形势异常严峻,是对巩固20年计划免疫工作成果的严峻挑战。于2007-2010年开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫4次,麻疹发病得到有效控制,2010年麻疹发病率下降至0.2/10万。     

东北苦菜UPLC指纹图谱建立及化学模式识别

目的建立东北苦菜Ixeris vesicolor DC.UPLC指纹图谱,并进行化学模式识别。方法东北苦菜甲醇提取物的分析采用CORTECS C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.6μm);流动相0.1%磷酸水⁃乙腈,梯度洗脱;体积流量0.1 mL/min;检测波长(1~15 min,327 nm;15~50 min,360 nm);柱温35℃;进样量2μL。采用相似度分析和化学模式识别技术相结合的方法对其进行质量评价。结果10批样品指纹图谱中有19个共有峰,相似度均大于0.953。通过聚类分析将样品分成2类,主成分分析结果支持聚类分析结果,采用正交偏最小二乘法⁃判别分析筛选出了导致不同批次药材质量差异的3个共有峰,指认出2号峰(绿原酸)和12号峰(木犀草素)。结论该方法稳定可靠,可系统、全面地评价东北苦菜的药材质量。     

马鞭草化学成分及药理活性研究进展

马鞭草为中国传统中药，具有活血散瘀、解毒、利水、退黄等功效，临床上常用于水肿、疟疾、黄疸、肝炎、咳嗽、流行性感冒等症的治疗。马鞭草所含化学成分众多，其中黄酮类、环烯醚萜类、苯乙醇苷类、三萜类、挥发油类等成分为其主要活性成分。现代药理研究表明，马鞭草具有抗炎、抗病毒、抗菌、镇咳、抗肿瘤及调节免疫等作用。文章总结了近20年来国内外有关马鞭草化学成分、药理及毒性相关文献，对其研究进展进行综述，为马鞭草的药物开发及临床应用提供依据。     

HPLC柱前衍生法测定舒血宁注射液中四种氨酸的含量

[目的]建立舒血宁注射液中4种氨基酸(天门冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸)的高效液相色谱(HPLC)柱前衍生化法,为舒血宁注射液的质量控制提供方法。[方法]以异硫氰酸苯酯(PITC)为柱前衍生化试剂,采用C18色谱柱,乙腈-水(5∶1)-乙酸铵缓冲溶液(p H 6.5)为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为254 nm,测定舒血宁注射液中天门冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸的含量。[结果]4种氨基酸的分离及线性关系良好,精密度,重复性,稳定性RSD均都小于5%,平均回收率在95.6%~98.9%之间且RSD小于5%。舒血宁注射液中4种氨基酸总含量为1 738.47μg/mL。其中甲硫氨酸含量最高,丙氨酸的含量最低。[结论]本方法简便、准确、可靠,适用于舒血宁注射液中氨基酸含量的测定。