Microanalytical examination of coloured anodized oxide layers

Based on microanalytic and micromorphologic examinations of the dyes of anodic oxide layers coloured by two metals the following observations could be made. The metal particles from the different metal salt electrolytes incorporate into the channels of the oxide layer in the form of crystallized metallic rods. If the colouring electrolyte contains two kinds of metals, the metallic rods will also contain both metallic components. If colouring of the two metals is done successively, a layered structure located perpendicularly to the layer plane inside the anodic oxide will be formed. The majority of the porechannels available were filled by the metal used initially, followed by the second metal, which continued to fill the already replenished channels. Employing a morphological investigation combined with microanalysis, i.e. a combination of the modern electron beam methods, any coloured structure made by any structural technology could be identified.     

Nonsupervised ranking of different segmentation approaches: application to the estimation of the left ventricular ejection fraction from cardiac cine MRI sequences

A statistical methodology is proposed to rank several estimation methods of a relevant clinical parameter when no gold standard is available. Based on a regression without truth method, the proposed approach was applied to rank eight methods without using any a priori information regarding the reliability of each method and its degree of automation. It was only based on a prior concerning the statistical distribution of the parameter of interest in the database. The ranking of the methods relies on figures of merit derived from the regression and computed using a bootstrap process. The methodology was applied to the estimation of the left ventricular ejection fraction derived from cardiac magnetic resonance images segmented using eight approaches with different degrees of automation: three segmentations were entirely manually performed and the others were variously automated. The ranking of methods was consistent with the expected performance of the estimation methods: the most accurate estimates of the ejection fraction were obtained using manual segmentations. The robustness of the ranking was demonstrated when at least three methods were compared. These results suggest that the proposed statistical approach might be helpful to assess the performance of estimation methods on clinical data for which no gold standard is available.     

数字视频融合大未来新一代数位电视内存频宽需求解析具有成本效益和高效能的消费性产品DRAM解决方案

数字电视(DTV)简介 美国联邦通讯委员会(FCC)规定在2009年之前,数字电视广播将会取代自1950年代初期开始使用之模拟电视格式.相对于ATV(模拟),DTV(数字)拥有较高的分辨率与更新率,以及数字压缩格式.     

Design and performance evaluation of vacuum cleaners using cyclone technology

A cyclone technology for a vacuum cleaner—axial inlet flow cyclone and the tangential inlet flow cyclone — to collect dusts efficiently and reduce pressure drop has been studied experimentally. The optimal design factors such as dust collection efficiency, pressure drop, and cut-size being the particle size corresponding to the fractional collection efficiency of 50% were investigated. The particle cut-size decreases with reduced inlet area, body diameter, and vortex finder diameter of the cyclone. The tangential inlet twin-flow cyclone has good performance taking into account the low pressure drop of 350 mmAq and the cut-size of 1.5 μm in mass median diameter at the flow rate of 1 m³/min. A vacuum cleaner using tangential inlet twin-flow cyclone shows the potential to be an effective method for collecting dusts generated in the household.     

The PLVC display color characterization model revisited

This work proposes a study of the Piecewise Linear assuming Variation in Chromaticity (PLVC) display color characterization model. This model has not been widely used as the improved accuracy compared with the more common PLCC (Piecewise Linear assuming Chromaticity Constancy) model is not significant for CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display technology, and it requires more computing power than this model. With today's computers, computational complexity is less of a problem, and today's display technologies show a different colorimetric behavior than CRTs. The main contribution of this work is to generalize the PLVC model to multiprimary displays and to provide extensive experimental results and analysis for today's display technologies. We confirm and extend the results found in the literature and compare this model with classical PLCC and Gain‐Offset‐Gamma‐Offset models. We show that using this model is highly beneficial for Liquid Crystal Displays, reducing the average error about a third for the two tested LCD projectors compared with a black corrected PLCC model, from 3.93 and 1.78 to respectively 1.41 and 0.54 ΔE units. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 449–460, 2008     

Theoretical and experimental study of the flow of a molten polymer in a micro-compounder

Micro-compounders are more and more used to characterize and optimize the formulations and the flow conditions of complex materials, with very low quantities, around a few grams. These machines are composed of a small-size conical twin-screw extruder, coupled with a recirculating channel, in which the material can be processed during a fixed time and a certain number of cycles, before being purged. However, the precise flow conditions inside these machines are not well known, what makes an optimal interpretation of the results difficult. Therefore, in this paper, a theoretical model based on continuum mechanics is proposed to calculate the flow in the recirculating mode. An experimental study on a well-chosen polymer is carried out to define the influences of the main processing parameters (screw speed, mass of material, barrel temperature) and to validate the model. Despite the simplicity of the theoretical approach, the calculated results are in satisfactory agreement with the experiments.