黄土丘陵小流域土地利用格局对径流与土壤养分流失的影响--土壤侵蚀控制的意义

Serious soil erosion is one of the major issues threatening sustainable land use in semiarid areas, especially in the Loess Plateau of China. Understanding the effects of land use on soil and water loss is important for sustainable land use strategy. Two sub-catchments: catchment A (CA) and catchment B (CB) with distinct land uses were selected to measure soil moisture, runoff and soil nutrient loss in Da Nangou catchment of the Loess Plateau of China. The effects of land use patterns on runoff and nutrient losses were analyzed based on soil moisture pattern by kriging and soil nutrients using multiple regression model. The results indicated that there were significant differences in runoff yield and soil nutrient losses between the two sub-catchments. With similar land uses, the CA produced an average sediment yield of 49 kg ha-1 and 22.27 kg ha-1 during two storm events.Meanwhile, there was almost no runoff in the CB with dissimilar land uses during the same events.Buffer zones should be established to re-absorb runoff and to trap sediments in catchment with similar land use structure such as the CA. Moreover, land use management strategy aiming to increase the infiltration threshold of hydrological response units could decrease the frequency of runoff occurrence on a slope and catchment scale.     

煤基质收缩能力内在控制因素的试验研究

基于煤基质收缩实验和三轴压缩实验,对煤基质收缩的内在控制因素进行了探讨,发现煤基质收缩量显著受控制于其本身所固有的力学性能,与其力学参数呈现负指数关系,并对这一内在机理进行了剖析。      

吉安地区发展琯溪蜜柚气候可行性初步分析

为了进一步调整以柑桔为主的果业结构,增加市场水果的花色品种,提高果业种植的经济效益,1991年冬季发生柑桔大冻后,地处吉泰盆地的泰和、万安等县先后引进了少量的论溪蜜抽,近两年开始挂果,其中个别农户效益明显,因而引起地、县领导的重视,并组织了县市领导和科技干部到产地参观考查,初步计划大量引种。溪蜜抽是芸香料柑桔届油类中的珍品,福建省平和县指溪流域西圃地区这种袖子有五百多年的栽培史。以皮薄、汁多、色美、味香、核小、果大、爽口、酸甜适中、化渣、耐贮而驰名,与荔枝、福桔齐名,为闽省三大名果之一。清朝乾隆年间…     

中国主要红树林湿地沉积物中硫的分布特征及影响因素

以中国红树林主要分布地区--海南、广东、广西、福建的13个红树林区为研究对象,对沉积物中硫的分布特征及相关影响因素进行了分析.中国红树林地区沉积物中硫含量为0.009%～0.809%,平均含量为0.214%,远高于非红树林生长地区沉积物中硫的平均含量.海南、广东、广西、福建四省区红树林沉积物中硫的平均含量分别为:0.34%、0.19%、0.20%、0.18%.13个地区含硫量高低顺序为:三亚、东寨港、云霄、钦州、俄湾、姚家屿、高桥、山口、大冠沙、北仑河口、福田、洛阳桥、浮宫.各个不同红树林地区沉积物中的硫含量差异显著.硫含量与有机质含量、盐度显著正相关,与pH值显著负相关.土壤粒度组成以及铁含量对土壤中全硫含量有一定的影响.     

透空管防波堤上的波浪力

对透空管组成的防波堤波浪反射、传递系数和堤上波浪力等水动力学特征进行研究.在对透空管非线性消耗波能机理分析基础上,采用一种简单的线性化方法,导出一组所有参数都是事先知道的、完全封闭的公式.波浪反射系数和堤上波压力与波浪力计算结果与试验吻合较好.     

四川盆地白垩纪沙漠风向变化规律及其意义

本文报道了四川盆地白垩纪沙漠古风向测量结果,总结了风向变化的规律。认为该浙江省早期处于副热高压带地区的西北和东北切变带（ｄｉｖｅｒｇｅｎｔ ｌａｔｉｔｕｄｅｓ ｏｆ ｗｅｓｔｅｒｌｙ ｗｉｎｄｓ ａｎｄ ｎｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔｅｒｌｙ ｔｒａｄｅ ｗｉｎｄｓ）。随着气候的波动,该切变带发生了短周期的南北向漂变,造成西风与东北信风交替现象。