心理护理干预对高血压患者生存质量的影响分析

目的探讨心理护理干预对高血压患者生存质量的影响。方法将2007年1月--2009年1月在我院进行治疗的高血压患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各60例。对照组给予常规治疗和护理,观察组在常规治疗和护理的基础上给予心理护理干预。随访1年后,通过临床生化指标、生活质量综合评定量表和症状自评量表对比,两组实行不同管理后的效果。结果随访1年后,实验组临床生化指标优于对照组（P〈0．05）;实验组生活质量综合评定得分明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）;症状自评得分低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论心理护理干预对于提高高血压患者的生存质量确有重要作用,值得在治疗和护理中进一步推广。     

激光瞳孔成形术与激光周边虹膜成形术治疗急性原发性前房角关闭的临床研究

目的比较激光周边虹膜成形术(LPIP)和(或)激光瞳孔成形术(LPP)对急性原发性前房角关闭(APAC)的临床效果。 方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2020年12月于邯郸市眼科医院(邯郸市第三医院)行LPIP和(或LPP)治疗的APAC患者81例(81只眼)。其中,男性15例(15只眼),女性66例(66只眼);年龄41~94岁,平均年龄(66.7±10.6)岁。按照激光治疗的方式分为联合组和LPIP组。联合组患者先后给予LPIP和LPP;LPIP组只行LPIP。以术后眼压≤30 mmHg(1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa)为治疗初步有效。年龄和眼压经单样本Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验,符合正态分布,以±s表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;视力、疾病发作持续时间及既往发作次数不符合正态分布,以中位数和四分位数表示,将Snellen视力换算成logMAR视力以便于统计学处理,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验。激光治疗的初步有效率和性别以例数和百分比表示,组间比较采用χ²检验。两组患者术前、术后1 h及术后2 h视力和眼压的比较采用单因素方差分析。两组患者术前与术后2 h眼压变化幅度的影响因素采用广义线性回归模型分析。 结果联合组患者42例(42只眼)。其中,男性6例(6只眼),女性36例(36只眼)。LPIP组患者39例(39只眼)。其中,男性9例(9只眼),女性30例(30只眼)。两组患者性别比较的差异无统计学意义(χ²＝1.04,P>0.05)。联合组和LPIP组患者术前眼压分别为(50.95±7.22)mmHg和(48.08±8.05)mmHg。两组患者术前眼压比较的差异无统计学意义(t＝1.69,P>0.05)。两组患者术前logMAR视力分别为1.70(0.68,2.00)和1.70(0.90,2.00);发作持续时间分别为16.0(12.0,39.0)h和24.0(15.0,48.0)h;既往发作次数分别为0(0,3.5)次和0(0,1.0)次。经Mann-Whitney U秩和检验,术前两组患者视力、发作持续时间及既往发作次数比较的差异均无统计学意义(Z＝-0.51,-0.99,-1.30;P>0.05)。联合组患者术后1 h和术后2 h的logMAR视力分别为0.50(0.20,0.80)和0.35(0.10,0.93);LPIP组术后1 h和术后2 h的logMAR视力分别为0.90(0.40,1.90)和0.90(0.40,1.90)。两组患者术后1 h和术后2 h的视力均提高。两组术后1 h和术后2 h患者视力比较的差异均有统计学意义(Z＝-2.16,-2.42;P<0.05)。联合组术后1 h和术后2 h患者的眼压分别为(30.83±13.49)mmHg和20.0(14.0,35.5)mmHg;LPIP组术后1 h和术后2 h患者的眼压分别为(34.79±1.70)mmHg和38.0(15.0,45.0)mmHg。两组患者术后1 h比较的差异无统计学意义(Z＝-1.31,P>0.05);术后2 h比较的差异有统计学意义(Z＝-2.14,P<0.05)。联合组与LPIP组术后1 h的初步有效率分别为52.4%和35.9%,比较的差异无统计学意义(χ²＝2.23,P>0.05);术后2 h初步有效率分别为71.4%和41.0%,比较的差异有统计学意义(χ²＝7.62,P<0.05)。经广义线性回归模型分析,APAC患者眼压变化幅度与术前眼压呈正相关,其相关性有统计学意义(β＝0.392,P<0.05);与组别、年龄及发作持续时间呈负相关,其相关性有统计学意义(β＝-9.157,-0.432,-0.115;P<0.05)。 结论LPIP和LPP联合治疗APAC患者,能通过解除瞳孔阻滞和周边前房角开放,快速降低眼压,是一种有效的APAC治疗手段,值得临床推广。     

原发性肾病综合征并发急性肾功能衰竭临床转归与病理关系

目的:探讨原发性肾病综合征(PNS)并发急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的临床转归与肾脏病理改变之间的关系.方法:将30例PNS并发ARF按肾小球病变轻重,分为病变轻微组20例和病变较重组10例,用回顾性分析的方法对两组患者的临床特点和病理特征进行总结,分析临床转归与病理改变之间的关系.结果:病变轻微组和病变较重组ARF的临床治愈率分别为85%和60%,两者比较差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);病变轻微组肾病综合征(NS)完全缓解率为40.0%,与病变较重组比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论:ARF的临床转归与肾小管、间质病变的程度密切相关,而NS的临床转归则与肾小球的损害程度密切相关.     

内固定应用于脊柱结核治疗的安全性探讨

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety of instrumentation to treat spinal tu-berculosis. Methods Fifty-one patients of spinal tuberculosis were treated with one-stage or two-stage de-hridement, strut autografting, and anterior or posterior instrumentation with screw rod system, combined with one-year triple agents postoperative antituberculous chemotherapy from April 1985 to May 2005. There were 6 in cervical spine, 19 in thoracic spine, 16 in thoracolumbar spine and 10 in lumbosacral spine. The level of the lesion were 6 cases for single vertebrae, 30 for two vertebrae, 11 for three vertebrae and 4 for more than four vertebrae. All patients were given triple agents antituberculous chemotherapy at least two weeks before operation. The operative procedures included cervical anterior approaches in 6 cases for debridement, fusion and plate-screw fixation, upper lateral transthoracic procedures for debridement, fusion and screw rod fixation in 11, posterior debridement, fusion and transpedicular screw system fixation in 6, two-stage anterior and posterior operation in 18 cases. The instrumentation included 6 Luque, 3 Z-plate, 8 TSRH, 5 Ventrofix, 4 Kenada, 5 Moss-Miami, 6 Isola, 3 CDH, 2 Caspaz, 2 C-D, 1 Zielke, 1 Dick, 1 Oriell, 1 Ozion, 1 Zephir, 1 Tenor, and 1 USS. Results All patients were followed up prospectively for 3.2 to 23.5 years postoperatively. The back pain was obviously relieved postoperatively. Patients with neurological function deficiency im-proved. The solid fusion was achieved in all patients, except one patient due to tuberculosis recurrence. The major complication included one sinus formation and one case with temporary deterioration of neurological function, recovered with appropriate treatment. Average preoperative kyphosis angle was 34.17°, and that was 10.45° immediately after surgery. There was a 3.2° loss of kyphosis correction during follow-up period. Con-clusion Spinal tuberculosis treated with instrumentation is effective and safe.     

肾病1号口服液对实验性急性肾功能衰竭大鼠肾功能的影响

目的 观察肾病1号口服液对急性肾功能衰竭大鼠肾功能的影响.方法 SD大鼠50只随机分为正常组(正常大鼠,生理盐水1.5ml/d灌胃)、模型组(模型大鼠,生理盐水1.5ml/d灌胃)、地塞米松组(模型大鼠,地塞米松0.1mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃)、肾病1号组(模型大鼠,肾病1号口服液10ml·kg-1·d-1及20ml·kg-1·d-1灌胃).结果 肾病1号口服液可使急性肾功能衰竭大鼠血清尿索氮、肌酐降低,尿量增加.结论 肾病1号口服液对急性肾功能衰竭有治疗作用.     

野生和人工饲养洞庭湖种群东方田鼠血液及血清生化指标的测定

目的 比较野生和人工饲养洞庭湖种群东方田鼠血液及血清生化指标的差异.方法 采用SYSMEX iPOCH血常规测定仪和HITACHI 7020全自动生化分析仪对野生和人工饲养洞庭湖种群东方田鼠部分血液及血清生化指标进行测定和分析.结果 两类东方田鼠部分血液指标和血清中与脂肪代谢相关的部分生化指标有显著差异,部分指标无明显差异,并无明显的变化规律.结论 东方田鼠可作为潜在的脂肪肝动物模型.     

膀胱压、胃内压与腹内压的相关性研究

目的 探讨利用膀胱压、胃内压来间接监测腹内压的可行性．以便于腹腔间隔室综合征(ACS)的诊断。方法 对24例行腹腔镜胆囊摘除术(LC)患者进行前瞻性对照研究。在行LC时，在腹内压为10、15、20及25mmHg时同时测定膀胱压和胃内压。结果 腹内压与膀胱压的回归方程为Y=-10.193 1.228X．相关系数为0.941；腹内压与胃内压的回归方程为Y=-7.408 1.478X，相关系数为0.996。由此表明．腹内压与膀胱压和胃内压呈显著正相关。结论 腹内压与胃内压和膀胱压有很好的相关性，可以利用胃内压和膀胱压来反映实际腹内压。     

巴斯德处理后坐骨神经再生的组织学研究

目的　观察大鼠坐骨神经经巴斯德温热处理后 ,在组织形态学方面的变化。　方法大鼠 12mm长左侧坐骨神经 ,进行 6 0℃、30min的巴斯德处理。分为处理后 1周群、6周群 ,各群分别为 15只。计算各群对照部 (处理部起的中枢 )、处理部以及末梢部 (处理部起的末梢 )中有髓轴突数、有髓轴突直径和有髓轴突面积比率 ,并用电生理和透射电镜进行组织形态学检查。　结果　(1)有髓轴突数 :1周群中 ,末梢部较对照部显著减少 (P <0 .0 1) ;末梢部中 ,6周群比 1周群显著增加 (P <0 .0 1)。 (2 )有髓轴突直径 :1周群中 ,末梢部较对照部显著减小 (P <0 .0 1) ;末梢部中 ,6周群比 1周群显著增大 (P <0 .0 1)。 (3)有髓轴突面积比率 :1周群中 ,末梢部较对照部显著减小 (P<0 .0 1) ;末梢部中 ,6周群比 1周群显著增大 (P <0 .0 1)。 (4 )肌电图 :处理后 1周与正常相比 ,神经传导速度明显延长 ,延长幅度为 13.2 % ;动作电位幅度明显降低 2 .95倍 (3.7mV)。处理后 6周与正常相比 ,神经传导速度仍然有明显延长 ,延长幅度为 8.3% ;6周后动作电位幅度已经恢复正常。 (5 )透射电镜 :1周群处理部中 ,髓鞘明显分层、增厚而凝固坏死 ,轴浆显著减少 ,雪旺细胞基底膜、神经外膜发生变性。 6周群末梢部中 ,显示多数再生有髓轴突。　结论     

内固定应用于脊柱结核治疗的安全性探讨

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety of instrumentation to treat spinal tu-berculosis. Methods Fifty-one patients of spinal tuberculosis were treated with one-stage or two-stage de-hridement, strut autografting, and anterior or posterior instrumentation with screw rod system, combined with one-year triple agents postoperative antituberculous chemotherapy from April 1985 to May 2005. There were 6 in cervical spine, 19 in thoracic spine, 16 in thoracolumbar spine and 10 in lumbosacral spine. The level of the lesion were 6 cases for single vertebrae, 30 for two vertebrae, 11 for three vertebrae and 4 for more than four vertebrae. All patients were given triple agents antituberculous chemotherapy at least two weeks before operation. The operative procedures included cervical anterior approaches in 6 cases for debridement, fusion and plate-screw fixation, upper lateral transthoracic procedures for debridement, fusion and screw rod fixation in 11, posterior debridement, fusion and transpedicular screw system fixation in 6, two-stage anterior and posterior operation in 18 cases. The instrumentation included 6 Luque, 3 Z-plate, 8 TSRH, 5 Ventrofix, 4 Kenada, 5 Moss-Miami, 6 Isola, 3 CDH, 2 Caspaz, 2 C-D, 1 Zielke, 1 Dick, 1 Oriell, 1 Ozion, 1 Zephir, 1 Tenor, and 1 USS. Results All patients were followed up prospectively for 3.2 to 23.5 years postoperatively. The back pain was obviously relieved postoperatively. Patients with neurological function deficiency im-proved. The solid fusion was achieved in all patients, except one patient due to tuberculosis recurrence. The major complication included one sinus formation and one case with temporary deterioration of neurological function, recovered with appropriate treatment. Average preoperative kyphosis angle was 34.17°, and that was 10.45° immediately after surgery. There was a 3.2° loss of kyphosis correction during follow-up period. Con-clusion Spinal tuberculosis treated with instrumentation is effective and safe.