The in-vitro activity of tosufloxacin, a new fluorinated quinolone, compared with that of ciprofloxacin and temafloxacin.

Tosufloxacin was highly active in vitro against most isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. It was slightly less active than ciprofloxacin for most species but more active than temafloxacin. It was the most active agent against Acinetobacter spp., Xanthomonas maltophilia and some Pseudomonas spp. but was slightly less active than ciprofloxacin against the fluorescent pseudomonads. Tosufloxacin was highly active against strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Campylobacter coli/jejuni. It was the most active of the fluoroquinolones tested against staphylococci (MICs 0.016-0.25 mg/L), streptococci (MICs 0.06-1 mg/L) and enterococci (MICs 0.12-4 mg/L). Tosufloxacin was also the most active quinolone tested against anaerobic bacteria and, with the exception of a few isolates of Bacteroides spp. and some clostridia, all anaerobes had tosufloxacin MICs less than 1 mg/L.     

软骨肉瘤的临床X线诊断（附98例报告）

本文报道９８例软骨肉瘤，其中股骨３４例，髂、耻、坐骨和肩胛骨２０例，胫骨１１例，肱骨１０例，肋骨７例，胸骨６例，骶骨４例，跖骨２例，尺骨、腓骨、指骨和上颌骨各１例。临床上以疼痛和肿块为主要症状。所有患者均经病理和手术证实。并进行了５年以上的随访。软骨肉瘤的Ｘ线征象包括：（１）骨质破坏，边缘不规则，界限不清；（２）在病骨周围出现肿瘤性软组织肿块；（３）在肿瘤区和软组织内呈现不同类型的钙化；（４）局限     

脑内白介素-1β介导利血平引起的大鼠行为性抑郁

目的 研究脑内白介素-1β在实验性抑郁症发病中的作用。方法 以腹腔注射利血平复制大鼠的行为性抑郁模型，通过脑室注射白介素-1受体拈抗剂，观察脑内白介素-1β在利血平引起的大鼠行为性抑郁中的作用。结果 腹腔注射利血平(2、6、8mg／Kg)，可在1～72h内引起大鼠的行为抑郁。脑室注射白介素-1受体拮抗剂可阻断注射48小时后利血平引起的行为性抑郁，但不能阻断利血平注射后1～24h内的这种作用。结论 脑内白介素-1β介导了利血平引起的大鼠行为性抑郁。     

母婴间乙型肝炎与丙型肝炎双重感染的研究

从流行病角度，利用分子生物学技术及免疫学方法，对２１０例产妇血清及新生儿 脐带血清，应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）、反转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ），检测乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ） 及丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）标志物，其结果为：ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性产妇的新生儿阳性率为６５．５％，ＨＢｅＡｇ阳 性产妇的新生儿阳性率为８１．８％，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性产妇的新生儿阳性率为７５．０％，ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ及 ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ双重阳性产妇的新生儿阳性率为１００．０％，说明母婴间存在乙型肝炎（ＨＢ）、丙型肝炎 （ＨＣ）及双重感染，其垂直传播可发生于宫内及围产期，是婴幼儿患病毒性肝炎的主要感染途径。 由于乙型肝炎及丙型肝炎的临床表现无特异性，不能从临床症状和体征中得以诊断，所以建立敏 感、特异的实验检测方法，为临床提供早期诊断依据，建立围产期保健制度，分娩过程中对婴儿加 强保护，阻断传播途径，是目前可行的有效措施。控制和降低病毒性肝炎的母婴间传播，有利优生 优育，提高人口素质的基本国策。”     

Management of donors for heart and heart–lung transplantation

The quality of donor organs will determine the quality of life for the recipient and the importance of optimal management of the multi-organ donor is that the organs may benefit up to five, critically ill, patients. The basic principle is to maintain sufficient preload to minimise the need for inotropic support and it is recommended that all multiple organ donors should have central venous and arterial pressure monitoring in addition to adequate venous access. The importance of the choice of fluid for volume expansion and the management of the hormonal disturbances which follow brain death are considered.     

A proposed cellular mechanism for calcium transport in the intestinal epithelial cell.

Intracellular transport of calcium from the apical to the basal-lateral region of the intestinal epithelial cell was investigated in duodenum from normal fed, fasted, and calcium-loaded rats. The process was followed with time using electron microscopy with potassium pyroantimonate to precipitate calcium. The observations made were subjected to morphometric analysis. The specificity of the method was demonstrated in the villus cell by resistance to microincineration and by absence of deposits following exposure to EGTA. Using this method calcium was seen in cells from calcium-fed rats at the microvillus border, in the Golgi zone, and within the internal compartments of the mitochondria. In cells from fasted rats calcium was not seen. Mitochondria were found largely at the apex of the cell and were free of detectable calcium. By 5 min, in the cells of fasted rats given a calcium load, the calcium had reached the Golgi apparatus and the inner mitochondrial compartment. After 15 min mitochondria were heavily loaded with calcium and had moved to the basal region of the cell. These observations suggest that mitochondria play an important role in absorption of calcium and appear to transport this ion from the apex to the basal region of the cell where entry into the capillaries takes place.