父系HBeAg 阳性流产胚胎绒毛中HBV-DNA 的表达

目的:探讨在父系HBeAg阳性的流产胚胎中,乙型肝炎病毒在绒毛中的表达。方法:募集仅父系感染乙型肝炎病毒组合,即母HBsAg(-)且父HBsAg(+)流产胚胎。按以下组合将入选对象分为4组:组1为父HBeAg(+)母HBsAb(+);组2为父HBeAg(+)母HBsAb(-);组3为父HBeAg(-)母HBsAb(+);组4为父HBeAg(-)母HBsAb(-),采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)对胎儿父、母亲血清进行乙肝抗原、抗体检测,并使用荧光定量PCR法对胚胎绒毛进行HBV DNA检测。结果:父系感染乙型肝炎病毒的142例胚胎中,仅在父系HBeAg阳性组别(1、2组)84例胚胎中发现3例绒毛HBV-DNA升高,阳性率为3.57%。其中父HBeAg(+)母HBsAb(-)组合中2例,父HBeAg(+)母HBsAb(+)组合中1例。父系HBeAg均阳性,母系HBsAb阳性与阴性组间子代绒毛HBV-DNA升高率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:HBeAg阳性父亲可能更容易导致乙肝父婴垂直传播。     

T-bet、GATA-3 与T 细胞亚群在再障中的相关性研究

目的:探讨外周血中T-bet和GATA-3 mRNA的表达在再生障碍性贫血中的发病机制及意义。方法:入选27例再障患者,其中重型再障15例,轻型再障l2例,25例健康体检者为对照组。采用流式细胞术检测参试者外周血Thl和Th2细胞,RT-PCR检测外周血单核细胞中转录因子T-bet和GATA-3 mRNA的表达。结果:与健康对照组相比,再障患者血浆T-bet mRNA与Th1细胞比例显著升高(P<0.01),GATA-3 mRNA与Th2细胞明显降低(P<0.05、P<0.01)。与轻型再障患者相比,重型再障患者血浆转录因子T-bet mRNA及Th1细胞比例均明显升高(P<0.01),GATA-3 mRNA水平与Th2细胞比例也显著下降(P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论:T-bet与GATA-3异常表达可增强Th1细胞功能,抑制Th2细胞功能,导致患者免疫功能异常,最终引起再障发生、发展。     

圈养小熊猫繁殖行为变化及繁殖行为对策

In order to investigate the change of reproductive behaviors and understand reproductive strategies of both male and female red pandas, one-year behavioral observation was conducted through the focal sampling method in the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding from December 1999 to November 2000. Our results indicated that reproductive behaviors showed significant differences between the estrous and non-estrous seasons. Frequencies of the rubbing anogenital, sniffing and licking marking were much higher in estrus than in non-estrus. Bleating only appeared in the estrus and can be regarded as an estrous indicator.The result also demonstrated that both male and females applied different reproductive behavioral strategies. Frequencies of activity, rubbing anogenital, licking and sniffing marking, and bleat were much higher in the male than in the female. However, those of resting and investigating were much lower in the male than in the female. This indicated that the male was more active than the female during the estrus and might imply that the male acts mainly as an estrous message sender, and the female as a message receiver in the estrous season.     

佛坪自然保护区野生大熊猫交配行为的观察

On March 26 and 27, 2003, we observed six and five giant pandas assembled together respectively in Huodiba and Lijiagou districts of Sanguanmiao, Foping Nature Reserve, Shaanxi Province, China. The mating sites were located in the coniferous forest and mixed coniferous and deciduous forest, with steep slope and sparse shrubs and bamboos. Wind power was estimated over 3rd category in those two days. The competition and lighting among male pandas were observed, and the mating right with the female panda was mainly based on the hierarchical ordering. However, not all the winners during competition can be access to mating with the female panda. For wild giant panda, its mating system is maybe plastic, which perhaps is affected by environment, time and panda population itself. Cubs or sub-adults are observed oceurring at the mating site, which is considered to be linked with the learning of the reproductive behavior. Our results maybe provide a useful guideline to the management and breeding of giant pandas in the captivity.     

线粒体ND4-ND4L基因在黑腹果蝇种组中的进化特征

本实验对黑腹果蝇种组(melanogaster species group)中8个种亚组33个样品两个线粒体基因ND4和ND4L进行了测序,并分析了ND4基因的序列差异和碱基替换特点,发现近缘物种中存在很明显的转换倾向,而在远缘物种中由于重复替换导致转换数处于饱和状态,我们的实验数据证实了线粒体基因较核基因有较快的进化速度.最后根据D.melanogaster与D.yakuba的遗传距离推算了8个种亚组的分化时间,ananassae种亚组最先分化,然后依次是montium,melanogaster,ficsphia,eugracilis,elegans,suzukii和takahashii最后分化.     

韩国黄蚜小蜂属分类研究(膜翅目:蚜小蜂科)

本文报道采自韩国的黄蚜小蜂属5种,包括1新种（Aphytis albus,sp．nov．)及4个韩国新记录种(Adiaspidis,A.japonicus,Aproclia和Avandenboschi),编制了雌成虫检索表。新种模式标本保存在韩国国立树木园和东北林业大学昆虫标本室。     

生物多样性浅谈

人类的活动给自身赖以生存的环境造成了空前的压力 ,而作为其中最重要一环的生物多样性正受到严重威胁。 1 992年 6月在巴西召开的联合国环境与发展大会 (ＵＮＣＥＤ)上 ,来自大多数国家的元首和政府首脑共同签署了《生物多样性公约》。公约的签署一方面表明了生物多样性已不再是以前几位科学家、几个国家和几个地区的小问题 ,而是全地球人类所共同关心、与我们人类未来生存与发展息息相关的大事情 ;在另一方面 ,由公约的签署及各国政府所采取的一系列后续行动也大大推动了生物多样性研究和保护事业的发展 ,迄今它已成为社会热点之一。本文…     

SOD高产菌株乳酸菌的选育及其产酶条件的研究

采用常规筛选方法从 200多株不同种属的乳酸菌中筛选出一株超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)产量较高的菌株 (Sn 898)作为实验出发菌株 ,经紫外线 (UV) ,硫酸二乙酯(DES) ,亚硝基胍 (NTG)复合诱变 ,选育出一株 (Lactobacillusplantarum-578简写L .plan-578)SOD产量高达6400u/g湿菌体的高产菌株。该突变株的SOD产量较出发菌株提高了3.5倍 ,并研究了影响SOD产生的最适温度 ,起始pH值 ,通气量 ,培养时间等因素。在优化     

长江江豚野外健康状况的调查

对铜陵江段捕获的7头长江江豚（Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)进行了体征与血液学分析。结果表明,健康的个体有2头,2头个体有明显的病变,余者营养不良,患不同程度的贫血症。这可能与长江渔业资源日趋枯竭有关。