Use of autogenous fascia lata graft for perineal herniorrhaphy in dogs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a herniorrhaphy technique, using an autogenous fascia lata graft (FLG) for perineal hernia (PH) repair in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Twelve dogs with PH. METHOD: PHs were repaired with FLG harvested from the dog's ipsilateral thigh and sutured directly into the perineal defect. Correction of associated conditions, and castration were performed. Surgical time, pain, inflammation, pattern of defecation, lameness, hospitalization time, postoperative complications, and owner satisfaction were recorded. Histopathologic examination was performed in 1 dog euthanatized 10 months after repair. RESULTS: Hernia did not recur (mean follow-up, 5.8 months). Lameness was the most frequent minor complication, and was resolved within a few days. Transient rectal prolapse occurred in 2 dogs with bilateral PH. The mean (+/-SD) hospitalization was 1.8+/-0.9 days, and the surgical time was 76.5+/-9.8 minutes. Histopathologic examination in 1 dog revealed perfect integration of FLG into adjacent tissues without substantial tissue reaction. CONCLUSIONS: FLG reconstruction of PH is a simple, effective method of treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: FLG can be used without major complications for primary repair of PH, as an augmentation procedure when the internal obturator muscle is thin or friable, or when herniation has recurred after another repair technique.     

A retrospective study of 30 cases of frozen lamellar corneal graft in dogs and cats

Frozen lamellar corneal grafts and nictitating membrane flaps were used in 18 dogs and 12 cats to repair deep corneal defects. In all dogs either melting corneal ulcers or descemetoceles were present. In the 12 cats, nine had either a melting corneal ulcer or descemetocele, two animals had acute bullous keratopathy, and one cat had corneal sequestrum. Initial vascularization with gradual clearing of the graft occurred during the first 45 days postoperatively. At 60 days postoperatively, all eyes were visual. Frequent postoperative complications included: focal dehiscence of the wound ( n  = 9); melting of part of the graft ( n  = 7); and pigmentation of the graft ( n  = 4). The frozen lamellar corneal graft was a very safe technique, and restored the tectonic and the optical function of the cornea. It provided the best results in corneas with nonperforating corneal defects. This technique provides poorer results when the cornea was perforated prior to surgery or during the surgical procedure.     

ATRP法制备纤维素-油脂-糠醛热塑性弹性体及性能表征

通过"从主链接枝"原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法,采用分步聚合策略,成功制备了一种乙基纤维素接枝嵌段共聚物乙基纤维素-g-甲基丙烯酸月桂酯-b-甲基丙烯酸四氢糠基酯(EC-g-P(LMA-b-THFMA))。对聚合物的热力学性能研究发现:共聚物中存在两个热转变,分别发生在-35℃和49～56℃时,表明该共聚物存在微相分离;机械性能分析表明该共聚物具有优异的热塑性弹性体行为,伸长率为89%～147%,拉伸强度为1.7～9.5 MPa。循环拉伸机械性能研究表明EC-g-P(LMA-b-THFMA200)的弹性恢复系数高达92%以上。乙基纤维素接枝共聚物的机械性能具有明显的增强作用,较线性聚合物P(LMA-b-THFMA)的机械强度提高了1.36倍。     

平欧杂种榛低产园嫁接改造技术

为探讨平欧杂种榛低产园改造技术,采用劈接的方法进行品种改良试验,结果表明,嫁接高度为40～50 cm时,各品种(系)嫁接成活率最高;1-21(品系)、辽榛3号在嫁接后的生长量、抗寒性、果实产量等综合性状超过其他品种(系),可以作为低产榛园嫁接改优的最佳品种(系);嫁接后结果第2年应该加强树体的水肥管理,提高树势。     

4个苹果新品种及矮化中间砧木嫁接亲和力

【目的】 研究伊犁河谷不同苹果品种及矮化砧木嫁接亲和力。【方法】引进苹果新品种寒富、蜜脆、红盖露、华硕以及GM256砧木,通过嫁接亲和力试验,结合田间冻害调查,评价不同品种间的抗寒性。【结果】以新疆野苹果作基砧,嫁接GM256中间砧,成活率平均79.5%;以GM256作中间砧,嫁接寒富、蜜脆、红盖露、华硕不同苹果品种,嫁接成活率均高于对照,其中嫁接蜜脆成活率最高,为86%,但愈合状况差,风折率也最高,达33.7%;嫁接寒富成活率为72%,嫁接口愈合状况良好,但风折率最低,仅为4.2%;蜜脆苹果平均冻害指数仅为0.14%,具有较强的抗寒性;冻害指数最高的为红盖露,受冻害程度最重,抗寒性最弱。【结论】筛选出适宜砧穗组合为新疆野苹果/GM256/寒富。     

嫁接黄瓜的光合特性及叶片激素含量和可溶性蛋白研究

以黑籽南瓜为砧木，以津绿21-1和津研4号2个黄瓜品种为接穗，对嫁接植株的光合指标及叶片激素含量和可溶性蛋白进行对比研究。结果表明，2个品种嫁接植株的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gg)和胞间C02浓度(Ci)均极显高于自根植株；嫁接植株叶片GA和ABA含量也与自根植株存在显差异，嫁接植株叶片ABA／GA值在测定的各个时期均显高于自根植株；通过等电聚焦聚丙烯酰胺双向电泳(IEF-SDS：PAGE)对叶片可溶性蛋白进行分析对比，发现在嫁接植株叶片中产生了1～2种特异蛋白。     

不同砧木对藤稔葡萄生长和果实品质的影响

以少毛变叶191、耐碱性Ln33、巨峰为砧木,藤稔为接穗,研究了砧木对藤稔葡萄生长及果实品质的影响.结果表明:以少毛变叶191为砧木的伤流液数量、叶绿素含量和果实生长量均显著高于藤稔自根苗,以Ln33为砧木的穗质量、粒质量、可溶性总糖含量和总有机酸含量均高于自根苗和其它砧-穗组合;以巨峰为砧木的叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性均低于藤稔自根苗,且不能正常生长和结果.嫁接对超氧化物歧化酶活性影响均不显著.据此认为,西北地区藤稔嫁接树适用砧木品种首选少毛变叶191,巨峰砧不宜在藤稔上应用.     

西瓜嫁接育苗与机械嫁接技术研究进展

西瓜是我国园艺生产中的重要经济作物,为了克服连作而引起的枯萎病、根结线虫病和土壤盐渍化等问题,嫁接技术被广泛的应用于西瓜生产。人工嫁接劳动强度大,嫁接和管理用工量大、技术要求高,是嫁接西瓜苗推广应用的主要限制因素。在回顾西瓜嫁接育苗技术发展的基础上,阐述了机械嫁接机及其配套的断根嫁接、大接穗嫁接、苗床四段式管理等关键技术在西瓜工厂化育苗中的应用。     

香榧苗木繁育方法研究进展

为了更好地研究香榧繁育技术,对香榧苗木繁育方法及容器苗培育技术的研究进展进行了综述。香榧的苗木繁育方法有播种、嫁接、扦插以及组织培养,目前生产实际中最常用的方法为嫁接。     

利用小麦秸秆制备的保水剂性能研究

[目的]以小麦秸秆纤维素接枝丙烯酸制备保水剂,并检测各因素对保水剂吸水性能的影响,探索制备保水剂的最佳反应条件,以期制备出成本低,降解性好,保水性高的新型保水剂。[方法]采用水溶液聚合法制备保水剂,并通过单因素试验和正交试验来确定最佳反应条件,对合成产物的吸液倍率、保水性能和表观形态进行测定与表征。[结果]温度为70℃,去离子水用量为160ml,2.0%N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)用量为9ml,引发剂(过硫酸钾:硫代硫酸钠=3∶1)与丙烯酸单体比为2.0%,丙烯酸中和度为70%,反应时间为1h,合成的保水剂具有较高的吸水或盐水倍率,1g保水剂吸0.9%NaCl溶液41.2g/g,吸去离子水430.9g/g。红外光谱分析和电镜扫描结果表明,保水剂胶体接枝聚合成功,胶体具有良好的表面形态。[结论]制备的保水剂吸液速率快、重复吸水效果较好。保水剂在氯化铁溶液中吸水倍率最高,达到113g/g。复合离子溶液中,在离子浓度为1g/L时吸水倍率最高达57g/g。