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Three typhoons, Goni, Morakot and Etau which were generated in Western Pacific in
2009, are successfully simulated by the WRF model. The horizontal and vertical vorticity and
their interaction are analyzed and diagnosed by using the simulation results. It is shown that
their resultant vectors had a fixed pattern in the evolution process of the three typhoons:
The horizontal vorticity converged to the tropical cyclone (TC) center below 900 hPa level,
flowed out from it at around 900 to 800 hPa, and flowed in between 800 hPa and 700 hPa. If
multiple maximum wind speed centers showed up, the horizontal vorticity converged to the
center of the typhoon below the maximum wind speed center and diverged from the TC center
above the maximum wind speed center. At low levels, the three typhoons interacted with each
other through vertical circulation generated by the vortex tube. This circulation was mainly
generated by the eastward or westward horizontal vorticity vectors. Clouds and precipitation
were generated on the ascending branch of the vertical circulation. The vortex tubes often
flowed toward the southwest of the right TC from the northeast of the left TC. According to
the full vorticity equation, the horizontal vorticity converted into the vertical vorticity
near the maximum wind speed center below 850 hPa level, and the period of most intense
conversion was consistent with the intensification period of TC, while the vorticity advection
was against the intensification. The vertical vorticity converted into the horizontal
vorticity from 800 hPa to 600 hPa, and the wind speed decreased above the maximum wind speed
region at low levels. 相似文献
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通过对乌拉特中旗石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学的系统研究,探讨了其形成时代及构造环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为(275.0±0.7)Ma,代表了其成岩年龄。岩石的A/CNK值为0.93~1.10,属于偏铝质-弱过铝质I型花岗岩,σ值为2.01~2.88,属于钙碱性系列。岩石ΣREE偏低,轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损,LREE/HREE为9.86~15.63,轻重稀土分异程度较高,Eu异常不明显或呈弱的负异常。原始地幔标准化蛛网图上富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K等,而亏损高场强元素Nb,蛛网图特征与正常弧花岗质岩石基本一致。根据石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩所处大地构造位置、侵位时代及岩石地球化学特征,推断其形成于活动大陆边缘构造环境,这也标志着研究区由洋壳俯冲阶段转入陆-陆碰撞构造演化阶段的时间上限应晚于早二叠世晚期。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区延长组长7段主要发育以浊流及砂质碎屑流为主的深水重力流沉积。通过对盆地南部旬邑地区延长组长7段野外剖面露头进行详细考察时发现,该组砂岩中发育大量类似浅水环境的沉积构造,如交错层理、波状层理、平行层理、透镜状层理及波痕等。在综合研究区古构造、沉积背景的基础上,通过对野外露头进行详细的描述与刻画,认为盆地南部旬邑地区延长组长7段发育以等深流、内波、内潮汐为主要类型的深水牵引流沉积,上述类似浅水环境中的沉积构造为深水牵引流对先期形成的重力流沉积再作用的结果。总体上,研究区主要发育5种类型的深水牵 引 流 岩 相:①具双向交错层理粉细砂岩;②具单向交错层理粉砂岩;③具波状层理泥质粉砂岩、粉砂岩;④具平行层理细砂岩;⑤具大型交错层理中细砂岩。在此基础上探讨了研究区深水牵引流沉积模式。 相似文献
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时空数据库是近年来地理信息科学与数据库技术领域研究和应用的热点,其中时空数据模型和时空数据索引技术是时空数据库的关键。为了提高时空数据库查询处理的效率,在基于时间片的连续快照模型基础上,改进了PP-TPR树索引。该索引技术不仅可以处理普通的空间查询(点查询和范围查询),在时间维度上还可以支持单纯时间维度的查询、历史状态查询、预期状态查询以及时空一体化的复杂查询。在实例研究中,采用对象关系数据库PostgreSQL作为时空数据类型和时空数据索引的实现平台,初步验证了上述时空索引技术的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
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在粗糙集的基本概念上,基于上、下近似集定义了二维离散空间中的粗糙区域和粗糙模型,用粗糙模型描述二维离散空间中的模糊地理对象,并给出了粗糙区域的3种类型:确定—确定类型、确定—模糊类型、模糊—模糊类型。在离散空间的空间连接计算理论RCC-D-5的基础上,定义了模糊地理对象拓扑关系之间的拓扑约束关系,并依据概念临近推演和拓扑约束关系,研究得出二维离散空间中简单模糊地理对象之间的73种全拓扑关系,并基于4×4相交包含矩阵进行了描述,使得复杂的拓扑关系在计算机中描述和表达成为可能。 相似文献
48.
基于生产-消费模型的"数字城市"信息共享方法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
城市信息资源共享是“数字城市”建设的关键问题。在总结城市信息资源共享现状和存在的问题基础上,从信息生产—消费关系的角度分析城市信息资源共享,提出基于生产—消费模型的“数字城市”信息资源共享方法。该方法充分考虑了城市信息资源共享的内在特点,可以提高城市信息资源共享的效率,满足“数字城市”建设需求。在此基础上,给出该方法的技术解决方案。 相似文献
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Side lobes of wavelets impact identification of thin sand bodies 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Recently, we found that side lobes of wavelets have a large impact on the identification of thin sand reservoirs when studying some gas fields in a basin in Northwest China. Reflections from the top of the H Formation, in which there are gas-bearing thin sand bodies, have the main wavelet lobe between two weak peak side lobes. The lower one always mixes with another peak reflected from the top of a thin sand reservoir. That makes it difficult to identify the sand reservoir. In order to solve this, many forward models were set up using typical well logs. 2D synthetic profiles were produced using Ricker wavelets to study the relationships between the effects of wavelet side lobes and thin sand position and frequency and between amplitude and the thin sand body. We developed the following conclusions: First, it is easier to identify thin sands in a shallower position. Second, a good way to tell sand body reflections from side lobes is by comparing profiles with different frequency windows. Third, it is helpful and effective to describe sand extent using amplitude attributes. 相似文献
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