并列仿生鱼自主游动的数值模拟研究

采用自适应浸没边界方法,数值模拟了两条并列仿生鱼在不同间距下的同相位和反相位自主游动。通过与相同游动参数下单条仿生鱼自主游动的比较,可以得到结论:(1)并列自主游动的速度小于单条鱼游动的速度,并且随着间距减小而减小。相同间距下,反相位并列游动时的速度大于同相位;(2)并列游动时的阻力均大于单条鱼,且随着间距减小而增大;(3)反相位游动时功率消耗随间距减小而增大,但同相位游动则相反;(4)当间距大于0.5个身长时,推进效率都略有增大。所以,在综合考虑了游动速度和推进效率两方面的因素后认为,鱼群中并列相邻的两条鱼应当以反相位摆动,且侧向间距保持在0.5个身长以上,这与自然界中观察的结果是一致的。     

挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承转子系统动力学分析与优化设计

为了对挤压油膜阻尼器-转子系统中挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD)的各项参数进行优化设计,使转子系统的动力学性能达到最佳状态,本文综合运用转子动力学和油膜润滑基本理论以及数值分析方法,对SFD-滑动轴承转子系统的灵敏度及动力学优化进行了系统研究。灵敏度分析结果表明:轴承间隙c1、SFD间隙c2、油粘度η对转子系统的一阶临界转速的影响较大;SFD间隙c2、轴承间隙c1、转轴刚度K2对二阶临界转速的影响较大。据此得到优化的设计变量为c1、c2、η、K2,并采用遗传算法对临界转速进行了优化分析;经过优化后,系统的一阶、二阶临界转速差值由原来的510rad/s变为860rad/s,系统动力学性能得到较大改善。本文的优化设计结果可为此类转子系统的设计提供参考。     

自由度对鱼类自主游动数值模拟结果的影响

采用自适应浸没边界方法,数值模拟了仿生鱼在不同自由度个数情况下的游动,对比分析了自由度个数对仿生鱼受力、能耗、推进效率以及尾涡结构的影响。研究结果表明,推进效率随着自由度个数的增加而略有降低;当仿生鱼在自主游动过程中没有侧向运动速度时,侧向受力幅值会大幅度提高。另外,当采用"六自由度模型"进行模拟时,仿生鱼很难沿直线运动,从而导致定量分析的困难。     

Effect of crystallographic orientations on transport properties of methylthiol-terminated permethyloligosilane molecular junction

The understanding of the influence of electrode characteristics on charge transport is essential in the field of molecular electronics. In this work, we investigate the electronic transport properties of molecular junctions comprising methylthiol-terminated permethyloligosilanes and face-centered crystal Au/Ag electrodes with crystallographic orientations of (111) and (100), based on the ab initio quantum transport simulations. The calculations reveal that the molecular junction conductance is dominated by the electronic coupling between two interfacial metal-S bonding states, which can be tuned by varying the molecular length, metal material of the electrodes, and crystallographic orientation. As the permethyloligosilane backbone elongates, although the σ conjugation increases, the decreasing of coupling induced by the increasing number of central Si atoms reduces the junction conductance. The molecular junction conductance of methylthiol-terminated permethyloligosilanes with Au electrodes is higher than that with Ag electrodes with a crystallographic orientation of (111). However, the conductance trend is reversed when the electrode crystallographic orientation varies from (111) to (100), which can be ascribed to the reversal of interfacial coupling between two metal-S interfacial states. These findings are conducive to elucidating the mechanism of molecular junctions and improving the transport properties of molecular devices by adjusting the electrode characteristics.     

1,4-二氧六环的真空紫外同步辐射光解离电离研究

The photoionization and photodissociation of 1,4-dioxane have been investigated with a reflectron time-of-flight photoionization mass spectrometry and a tunable vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation in the energy region of 8.0-15.5 eV. Parent ion and fragment ions at m/z 88, 87, 58, 57, 45, 44, 43, 41, 31, 30, 29, 28 and 15 are detected under supersonic conditions. The ionization energy of DX as well as the appearance energies of its fragment ions C₄H₇O₂⁺, C₃H₆O⁺, C₃H₅O⁺, C₂H₅O⁺, C₂H₄O⁺, C₂H₃O⁺, C₃H₅⁺, CH₃O⁺, C₂H₆⁺, C₂H₅⁺/CHO⁺, C₂H₄⁺ and CH₃⁺ was determined from their photoionization efficiency curves. The optimized structures for the neutrals, cations, transition states and intermediates related to photodissociation of DX are characterized at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level and their energies are obtained by G3B3 method. Possible dissociative channels of the DX are proposed based on comparison of experimental AE values and theoretical predicted ones. Intramolecular hydrogen migrations are found to be the dominant processes in most of the fragmentation pathways of 1,4-dioxane.     

2012年中考专题复习(9)——“图形相似”

一、中考内容要求1.了解比例及基本性质,线段的比、成比例线段,黄金分割;2.认识图形的相似,探索相似图形的性质,两个三角形相似的条件,能够利用相似解决实际问题;3.了解图形的位似,能够利用位似放大、缩小图形.二、考法分析这部分内容的考法以基础题为主,特点有:(1)直     

溴水氧化氰根光度法测定微量氰化物

在磷酸介质中,氰根被饱和溴水氧化为溴化氰,剩余的溴水用磺基水杨酸除去。溴化氰与碘化钾反应生成单质碘,碘与淀粉显色,从而测定氰化物。其最大吸收波长λｍ ａｘ＝ ５６５ｎｍ ,ＣＮ－ 在０～１５μｇ／２５ｍ Ｌ范围内呈良好线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数为３．１×１０４Ｌ·ｍ ｏｌ－ １·ｃｍ － １。已用于测定废水中的氰化物。     

低温声子热导率的数值计算和数值模拟

为了计算Debye模型下的低温声子热导率,我们利用Gauss型求积公式的Gauss-Legendre公式或者Laguerre公式把不可积的积分转化为代数求和;通过良好的计算机人机交互界面,很方便地设定参数、选择或者忽略指定的散射机制.利用这种方法,我们模拟计算了多种材料的低温声子热导,并且分析了多种散射机制对声子热导的贡献.通过对La系巨磁阻材料系列样品和Bi系高温超导体系列样品的研究,证明了我们的方法是可行的.对各类散射机制影响的分析,能够帮助我们深入地理解材料的物理性质.     

方波驱动法测定Alq3的电子迁移率

在非正弦波(方波)的驱动下,观察到了OLED中Alq₃的电致发光现象。在高段方波驱动下,Alq₃中的电子向阳极移动;在低段方波驱动下,Alq₃中的电子向阴极移动。当方波的周期是电子穿过Alq₃中所用时间的2倍时,Alq₃中的电致发光现象完全消失。由此,可以计算出Alq₃中的电子迁移率,得到的结果和文献的报道值相吻合。对Alq₃中电子迁移率和厚度的关系进行了研究,从而提出了一种简单易行的计算有机材料的电子迁移率的方法。