Effects of cocaine on human nasal mucosa

Summary The effects of cocaine on the contractile response of isolated human nasal mucosal blood vessels to field stimulation and methoxamine were investigated. Results showed that cocaine antagonized methoxamine and inhibited field stimulation. The drug increased resting tension in human nasal mucosa in vitro through direct actions and potentiated mucosal contractions by norepinephrine and epinephrine. The study indicated that high concentrations of cocaine may actually antagonize -adrenoceptors, but these concentrations are not necessary in eliciting desired degrees of vasoconstriction in nasal blood vessels while being applied as a local anesthetic.     

Study of preclinical changes in workers exposed to inorganic mercury in chloralkali plants

Summary The aim of the present work was to clarify the question of preclinical changes of Hg intoxication (micromercurialism) in man. The study to detect these disorders was performed on 39 chloralkali plant workers who had been exposed to mercury for more than 7 years. The ambient air, urine and blood values of the last few years were determined in extensive measurements by various methods and related to one another. The average ambient air concentrations were clearly below the currently applicable threshold limit value (German MAK) of 0.1 mg/m³. For the purpose of clarifying the mentioned question of preclinical changes of intoxication, the exposed persons were subjected to psychomotor-function examinations and compared with a group of nonexposed persons. The blood pressure and pulse frequency values of both groups were also determined and compared with one another. No significant differences between the two groups of persons examined were detectable.Presented at the 18th Congress of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Arbeitsmedizin in Frankfurt, 24th May 1978     

经尿道前列腺汽化与开放性手术对老年前列腺增生患者术后性功能的影响

目的评价经尿道前列腺汽化(TUVP)和开放性手术对老年前列腺增生(BPH)患者术后性功能的影响.方法分别统计分析经尿道前列腺汽化组(TUVP组)、耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除组(SPP组)和耻骨后保留尿道前列腺切除组(Madigan组)术后6个月、1 2个月勃起障碍(ED)与逆行射精(RE)的发生率.结果术后6个月ED的发生率在TUVP组(n=52)、SPP组(n=46)、Madigan组(n=32)分别为1 3.4%(7/52)、1 5.2%(7/46)、1 2.5%(4/32),术后12个月ED的发生率分别为11.5%(6/52)、1 5.2%(7/46)、1 2.5%(4/32),术后6个月、1 2个月RE的发生率在TUVP组、SPP组、Madigan组分别为46.2%(24/5 2)、39.1%(1 8/46)、9.3%(3/32).结论TUVP与传统开放性手术SPP及Madigan手术相比较对勃起障碍的影响无统计学差异(p＞0.05),但逆行射精的发生率较Madigan手术组高,提示对术后射精功能有较大影响.     

Estrogen-regulated non-reproductive behaviors and breast cancer risk: Animal models and human studies

The possible role of personality patterns and psychosocial factors in breast cancer has been studied extensively, through both human and animal experiments. The data are conflicting, and the conclusions controversial. This review will serve two purposes. First, we present evidence that behavioral patterns most commonly linked to breast cancer risk are at least partly regulated by estrogens. This section will suggest that some estrogen-regulated behaviors may be markers of increased breast cancer risk. Second, we will briefly review recent findings in animals connecting psychosocial factors to cancer. We also will address the plausible biological mechanisms. The literature suggests that estrogens, particularly when exposure occurs during the critical developmental periods, such as in utero, puberty, pregnancy, and menopause, influence affective behaviors and increase breast cancer risk. The affective behaviors include depression, aggression, and alcohol intake. Thus, psychosocial and personality factors do not necessarily have a direct impact on breast cancer risk; instead, estrogens have a dual effect on behavior and on the breast.     

新生儿窒息513例临床分析

目的 探讨新生儿窒息的相关因素及预防措施。方法 对1995年1月～2004年12月哈尔滨二四二医院住院分娩发生的新生儿窒息513例临床资料进行分析。结果 新生儿窒息与胎儿窘迫高度相关。脐带因素、产程异常、胎盘功能不全是新生儿窒息的主要产科原因。结论 新生儿窒息是胎儿窘迫产程中缺氧在出生后的表现和继续。应以预防为主：要重视产前检查，对高危妊娠进行系统管理，指导胎动计数，加强产程监护，综合判断后选择最佳分娩方式。一旦发生，及时进行复苏术。     

浙江省精神病医院省级专项经费投入的卫生经济学评估

目的评估浙江省精神卫生专项经费对精神卫生专业机构的卫生经济学效果.方法通过对省内15家接受精神卫生专项经费资助和13家未接受资助的精神卫生专业机构的对比,比较其5年来在服务功能、经济效益和资产结构方面差异以及资助前后的增长率.结果专项经费资助使受资助精神卫生专业机构在服务功能、经济效益、资产结构和职工收入等方面普遍获益,尤其是门诊、住院服务功能,医疗收入和职工收入,固定资产的获益更为明显.结论本次经费有助于使受资助精神卫生专业机构走上更加良性化运作的道路,符合成本效益原则.     

微量元素硒的研究进展

硒是动物机体必需微量元素之一,在机体内发挥着十分重要的生物学功能。研究发现,有机硒相对于无机硒毒性小、生物利用率高、生物活性强。就硒、有机硒的研究近况展开综述。     

降钙素原的临床诊断价值

降钙素原是有激素活性降钙素的前体物质。在正常人体中降钙素原的血清浓度极低未能检测出，而在严重全身细菌性感染其血清浓度可见明显增高，并且已证实降钙素原是脓毒血症时最早出现的炎症标记物之一。本文就降钙素原的结构，来源，生物学功能及临床应用作一综述。     

激肽释放酶的特性及其在疾病中的应用

激肽释放酶是一类丝氨酸蛋白酶,具有广泛的生物学功能和特殊结构.本文综述了激肽释放酶的基因结构特点、生物学功能并重点介绍其在疾病中的应用.