青藏高原腹地的雷电物理特征

通过利用大气平均电场仪和快、慢电场变化仪等仪器设备对青藏高原腹地那曲地区的雷电物理特征进行了分析。发现高原雷暴天气过程中发生的闪电与低海拔地区的相比存在许多的特殊性。这些特殊性主要表现在:闪电在短时间内可以引起较大的电场变化,接近±50kV/m;在一次雷暴天 气过程中的短时强降水可以改变大气平均电场的极性,存在着多个FEAWP过程。较多的地闪只有一次回击,占总地闪数的36.3%,地闪回击数最多的可达到17次,平均为4.11次。地闪中正地闪比率较高可以达到32％。对于负地闪继后回击的电场幅度与首次回击的比与其他地区相比非常高,其平均值为1.42,其中最大值为11.64,最小值为0.17。占总数62％的地闪的连续电流发生在首次回击之后,其持续时间绝大多数在60-160ms之间。     

多回路输电线路上使用合成绝缘子有关问题的探讨

文章阐述了合成绝缘子耐雷性能的两面性;分析了在多雷区多回路输电线路上,杆塔比较高时,线路绝缘往往受大气过电压控制,由于合成绝缘子雷电冲击耐压水平较低,因此其使用受到限制,建议对有关规定提出修订。     

计及风速影响的500kV同杆双回线路绕击耐雷性能计算模型研究

目前雷击仍然是危及输电线路安全可靠运行的主要原因，而现有评估输电线路绕击跳闸率的模型还不能与线路实际运行经验一致，该文在分析500kV同杆双回输电线路绕击耐雷性能时，以三峡电站的出线为例，充分考虑了风速的影响，对击距模型进行了改进，同时还较详细分析了地面倾角、杆塔高度等对绕击跳闸率的影响。通过编程仿真计算结果表明，随着风速的增加，输电线路保护角和绕击跳闸率都将增加，建议今后在评估输电线路绕击耐雷性能时，对风速影响因素应加以考虑。     

俄罗斯《6～1150kV电网雷电和内过电压防护导则》中110～1150kV架空线路防雷保护介绍

介绍了俄罗斯统一电力系统1999年制订的《6—1150kV电网雷电和内过电压防护导则》关于110—1150kV架空线路防雷保护部分中的新内容和新观点：(1)在防雷保护计算中增加了用第1脉冲和后续脉冲雷电流幅值和陡度多数；(2)架空线路绝缘子串中个数选择增加了“为了保证线路绝缘25年不检修的运行周期，实施在绝缘子串中增加绝缘子个数”的条款；(3)架空线路允许雷击跳闸次数的选择依据是线路断路器操作资源准则；(4)分析架空线路运行耐雷指标时指出：①110-220kV架空线路雷击跳闸主要起因是反击闪络；②330kv架空线路雷击跳闸主要起因大致反击闪络和绕击闪络各一半；③500-750kV架空线路雷击跳闸主要起因是绕击闪络：④提高115kV架空线路耐雷性要靠使用负保护角避雷线的直线杆塔和耐张转角杆塔：⑤提高架空线路不间断供电可靠性的后备措施是自动重合闸。     

长电缆线路雷电冲击过电压计算及绝缘配合

本文利用自编程序结合典型工程进行雷电冲击过电压计算,对影响过电压的各种因素进行较深入的分析研究,并总结出长电缆线路行波保护的一些特点,为电力部门提供绝缘配合设计的依据。     

A Rasterized Lightning Disaster Risk Method for Imbalanced Sets Using Neural Network

Over the past 10 years, lightning disaster has caused a large number of casualties and considerable economic loss worldwide. Lightning poses a huge threat to various industries. In an attempt to reduce the risk of lightning-caused disaster, many scholars have carried out in-depth research on lightning. However, these studies focus primarily on the lightning itself and other meteorological elements are ignored. In addition, the methods for assessing the risk of lightning disaster fail to give detailed attention to regional features (lightning disaster risk). This paper proposes a grid-based risk assessment method based on data from multiple sources. First, this paper considers the impact of lightning, the population density, the economy, and geographical environment data on the occurrence of lightning disasters; Second, this paper solves the problem of imbalanced lightning disaster data in geographic grid samples based on the K-means clustering algorithm; Third, the method calculates the feature of lightning disaster in each small field with the help of neural network structure, and the calculation results are then visually reflected in a zoning map by the Jenks natural breaks algorithm. The experimental results show that our method can solve the problem of imbalanced lightning disaster data, and offer 81% accuracy in lightning disaster risk assessment.     

Lightning ablation suppression of aircraft carbon/epoxy composite laminates by metal mesh

Three-dimensional finite element (FE) models of carbon/epoxy composite laminates with copper mesh and aluminum mesh protection were established subjected to lightning strike, in which different mesh spacing was selected. Effectiveness of numerical method was verified and impulse current waveforms with different current peaks were applied according to aircraft lightning zones. Thermal-electrical material parameters varying with temperature were added into numerical models. Element deletion method was used to deal with lightning ablation elements of composite structures. The results show that ablation area and depth of composite laminates with metal mesh protection are significantly smaller, which proves good protection effectiveness of metal meshes on anti-lightning strike. The denser the mesh spacing, the better the anti-lightning strike will be. Protection of composite laminates with copper mesh has better effects than that of aluminum mesh. Considering the effect of mesh spacing variation on composite structural weight and anti-lightning strike, the ideal mesh spacing was obtained.     

半导体消雷器研究及其发展

本介绍了武汉水利电力大学防雷接地研究室从１９７７年开始进行消雷器研究的历程，指出了消雷器研究中以“中和”为纲的误区，阐述了以“限流”为纲的半导体消雷器的机理，说明了雷击半导体消雷器不是半导体消雷器的失败。给出了轩击半导体消雷器消雷地可以不闪络的理论依据以及现场试验结果，并指出半导体消雷器只能解决直击雷及其二次效应的问题，所以，发装消雷器后物一切雷达事故不加具体分析地全推在消雷器身上是不公平的。     

通信设备雷害分析及防雷策略

列举通信设备和计算机系统雷害现象,分析雷害原因,并阐述了防雷技巧和策略要点。