渤海海域油气勘探进展与前景展望

通过回顾我国渤海海域近50年的勘探历程,分析了油气发现的特点,指出从下第三系到上第三系勘探思路的转变是导致发现系列亿吨级大油气田的关键。迄今为止的重大发现主要分布于环渤中凹陷油气富集圈和沿岸两大地区。认为在有据可查的历史上,渤海海域发生过7级以上大地震的周围地区均发现有大油气田,因此将是发现油气田的有利地区。根据全国3轮油气资源评价数据,我国在渤海海域的油气勘探尚大有可为,重要的是要求较高的科技研究水平和更大的投入力度,渤海深浅层次资源潜力将获得更进一步的发掘。认为在50余年的勘探历程中,我3大国有石油公司及全国相关科技工作者均做出过重大贡献。     

PLS-ANN分析血浆自体荧光光谱的二阶导数光谱识别胃癌

探讨偏最小二乘法结合神经网络法(简称PLS-ANN)分析血浆自体荧光光谱的二阶导数光谱识别胃癌的优势,对20例胃癌病人和23例健康人血浆进行以405nm为激发光的自体荧光光谱检测,采用PLS-ANN法分别对血浆自体荧光光谱和二阶导数光谱进行判别分析。PLS-ANN分析血浆的自体荧光光谱法诊断胃癌的灵敏度为75%,特异度为83%,准确率为79%,PLS-ANN分析血浆的二阶导数光谱法诊断胃癌的灵敏度为90%,特异度为96%,准确率为93%。结果表明PLS-ANN分析血浆的二阶导数光谱法识别胃癌,优于PLS-ANN分析血浆的自体荧光光谱法,有望成为快速识别胃癌的较理想方法。     

黄骅电厂取水河段取水特性的数模与物模研究

本文采用数值模拟与物模试验相结合的研究方法，详细地研究了黄骅电厂一、二、三期工程的取水特性。结果表明，现有河道只能满足电厂一期工程的取水需求；若将现有河道进行适当开挖，可以满足电厂三期取水需要。     

琼州海峡铁路轮渡新海湾港区泥沙淤积问题

海南省拟建琼州海峡铁路轮渡。本文通过对海峡南岸新海湾轮渡港址附近自然条件、岸滩演变和输沙特征的分析研究，对不同类型港区布置方案港内开挖区和航道的淤积强度、淤积量等进行了计算，并对不同防护建筑物的有效拦沙时间等进行了探讨和计算，提出了港区类型推荐方案。     

龙感湖地区近3000年来的植被及其气候定量重建

本文依据龙感湖钻孔的孢粉及硅藻资料，探讨了该地区近３０００年来的植被发展及气候变化，通过数值分析方法，重建了年均温及年降水的时间序列，发现气候波动存在的两个阶段，（依１．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．前后划分）四个旋回（０．８ｋａ的准周期）两个突变事件（３ｋａＢ．Ｐ）前后的冷暖急剧变化及１ｋａＢ．Ｐ的降温事件）。这些变化与敦德冰心及固城湖孢粉反映的气候波动有较好的一致性，具有全球变化意义。     

GIS与遥感支持下的南黄海辐射沙脊群现代演变趋势分析

南黄海辐射沙脊群是世界罕见的大型水下泥沙堆积体，具有独特的动力地貌组合。利用1988-1995年的LANDSATTM遥感影像，ERS1SAR影像及1979年编绘地形资料，综合应用GIS与遥感方法，对这一区域在20世纪80-90年代的变化及演变趋势作出分析，其基本演变特征与趋势表现为；沙脊群枢纽地区处于不断的增长，扩张过程；南部区域堆积与侵蚀作用较弱，沿岸潮滩向海淤进；而北部区域变化较强烈，并继续脊槽相间的模式，所取得的结果与该区域动力地貌研究结果相吻合。     

北黄海菲律宾蛤仔帕金虫流行病害的研究

2000年7-11月,对我国北黄海沿岸滩涂增养殖的菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum大规模死亡进行了研究,并对病害暴发与温度、盐度的相关性进行了探讨.利用FTM培养和组织切片方法对病害流行海域的菲律宾蛤仔进行了检测.结果表明,蛤仔体内寄生了大量病原帕金虫Perkinsus sp,感染率为20%-100%,感染强度为3-3 565 936cell/ind或2-1 670 615cell/g组织.感染强度与蛤仔大小有关,个体越小,感染程度越轻.经感染试验,进一步确定了帕金虫大量繁殖是引起蛤仔大规模死亡的原因.病害始于7月下旬,止于10月下旬;最初暴发于庄河栗子房海域,尔后逐渐向东西两侧海域蔓延.病害暴发时机主要受温度影响,高于20℃易于暴发帕金虫病害;流行范围主要受盐度影响,盐度为20-32海域适宜帕金虫病害的流行.     

Bulk particulate organic carbon in the East China Sea: Tidal influence and bottom transport

Five oceanographic surveys were carried out in the East China Sea (ECS) and Yellow Sea from 1999 to 2003. In all, seven different sections were surveyed, but one section (the PN section) was observed on every cruise. Two time-series stations were also surveyed, one located at the Changjiang River mouth, the other over the continental shelf in the PN section.We identified biogeochemical characteristics for waters close to the Changjiang Estuary and in the Kuroshio waters (KW), respectively. Resuspension is a strong feature near bottom over the ECS continental shelf, with suspended matter values 13 times higher than that for the surface. A model of particulate organic carbon (POC) dynamics based on a rectangle equation reveals that POC concentration close to the Changjiang Estuary varies with a semidiurnal period of ∼13 h, coinciding with the tidal period. The upper limit for POC residence times in the seasons we covered over the shelf are estimated to be on the order of weeks and generally increase seaward from near the Changjiang Estuary to the KW. Short POC residence times suggest that POC in the ECS is rapidly exported from euphotic waters.A nepheloid layer, observed as elevated suspended matter in near the bottom of the water column, is important in particle transfer over the shelf, especially in winter when the residual current flows mainly eastward. Cross-shelf transport of POC via the nepheloid layer is estimated to be 0.22 × 10¹² g yr⁻¹. Comparison with other work indicates that POC transport is ∼2% of the Changjiang POC input.     

Multi-scale variability of beach profiles at Duck: A wavelet analysis

Beach profiles have been observed to change over a range of spatial and temporal scales; however techniques for quantifying this variability have not been fully established. In this paper, a wavelet technique is introduced as a method to study the multi-scale variability of beach profiles. The beach profile data comprising a 22-year time series surveyed at the US Army Corps of Civil Engineers Field Research Facility (FRF) at Duck are analysed using the adapted maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (AMODWT). The analysis successfully identifies strong local features in the variability of beach profiles in time and space separately that cannot be isolated by traditional statistical methods. The analysis of spatial wavelet variances provides a new means of investigating the depth of closure. Analysis of variances by temporal scales shows that the combined effects of several temporal scales with one or two dominant scales can be seen at particular points across profiles whilst the dominant temporal scales are different at different portions of the profiles. The method allows for the extremely nonstationary behaviour of beach profile to be analysed into separate frequency bands that can facilitate the interpretation of morphological changes in terms of physical processes.     

珠江口伶仃洋锋的类别及其对沉积的影响

根据近年在珠江口伶仃洋的观测资料，对比国外有关河口锋的定义，归纳了伶仃洋内几种锋的现象，计有潮侵锋、岬角锋及湖水退急时的浅滩锋等。解释了锋生的原因与潮汐进退，特别与随潮入侵的咸水关系。文中也探讨了这些锋对沉积环境的影响，认为它是陆架水入侵河口地区的一种不容忽视的沉积动力过程。