Effects of high phosphate and low calcium on the hyperplasia of normal rat parathyroid in vitro

Objective To explore the effects of high phosphate and low calcium on the secretion function and cell proliferation in normal rat parathyroid tissues. Methods The rat parathyroid tissues resected by surgical operation under dissection microscope were incubated in vitro for 5 days and were treated with high phosphate or low calcium medium on the second day and the third day after incubation. The cell apoptosis at different time points was measured by flow cytometry.The levels of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) in the supernatant at different time points were detected by ELISA. The mRNA levels of prepro-PTH and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were measured by real-time PCR, while the protein levels of PCNA after the 24-hour treatment with high phosphate or low calcium medium were measured by Western blotting. Results Flow cytometric analysis showed that the percentage of normal living cells on the first day and the second day after incubation was significantly higher than that on the third day to the fifth day after incubation in the rat parathyroid tissues (all P﹤0.05), and there was no statistical difference among that on the third day to the fifth day after incubation. There was no significant difference in cell survival rates on the first day to the fifth day after incubation (all﹥85%) under normal or high phosphate medium. There was no significant difference in the daily iPTH level on the first day to the fifth day after incubation under normal medium. Compared with normal medium, the iPTH level in the supernatant under high phosphate medium increased (P﹤0.05), and the expressions of preproPTH mRNA and PCNA in parathyroid tissues were significantly up-regulated (both P﹤0.05) after the 24-hour treatment with high phosphate medium. Compared with normal medium, the iPTH level in the supernatant under low calcium medium increased (P﹤0.05), and the expression of preproPTH mRNA in parathyroid tissues was significantly up-regulated after the 24-hour treatment with low calcium medium (P﹤0.05). Conclusions It is feasible to incubate the parathyroid issues from rats in vitro, and the best incubation time should be within 2 days. Low calcium and high phosphate stimulation could increase the synthesis and secretion of PTH, while high phosphate can also promote the cell proliferation, which is an important factor for the regulation of parathyroid function in physiological state.     

根除幽门螺杆菌对胃增生性息肉的治疗作用

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌与胃息肉的关系及根除幽门螺杆菌对胃增生性息肉的治疗作用。方法选取2009年1月—2012年3月来该院治疗的胃息肉患者154例,根据胃息肉病理类型分为增生型组、炎性组、胃底腺型组及腺瘤型组,检测患者的幽门螺杆菌,分析幽门螺杆菌感染与不同类型息肉的相关性。对所有患者进行ESD法切除胃息肉,对幽门螺杆菌阳性的患者进行四联根除螺旋杆菌治疗。将清菌后的病人按清菌成功与否分为清菌成功组及清菌失败组,对两组病人进行随访观察,比较两组间息肉复发率有无差异。结果本研究发现154例胃息肉患者中,增生型72例,占46.75%,胃底腺型56例,占36.36%,炎性息肉15例,占9.74%,腺瘤型11例,占7.14%。Hp感染率由高到低依次为炎性>增生型>胃底腺型>腺瘤型。所有患者均完成ESD法息肉切除术,在随访观察中发现增生性息肉成功清除幽门螺杆菌后,明显低于其他病理类型的复发率,且清菌成功组的复发率明显低于清菌失败组。结论幽门螺旋杆菌感染与增生性息肉的发生关系密切,增生性息肉患者根除幽门螺杆菌后,不易复发,根除幽门螺杆菌对胃增生性息肉具有良好的治疗作用。     

中药贴敷辅助红外线治疗乳腺增生的疗效观察

目的 观察分析采用中药贴敷辅助红外线的方法对治疗乳腺增生的临床疗效,旨在为临床上治疗乳腺增生提供参考和依据.方法 选取我院2012年6月至2013年6月收治的100例乳腺增生患者,将他们随机分为两组,观察组50例给予中药贴敷辅助红外线的治疗方法,对照组50例仅给予红外线治疗的方法,观察比较两组患者的临床表现情况.结果 观察组的总有效率为96.00％,对照组的总有效率为80.00％,两组比较差异明显,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组患者均未复发,对照组的临床复发率为10.00％,两组比较差异明显,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在治疗乳腺增生采取中药贴敷辅助红外线的方法,能明显提高改善其临床疗效,降低临床复发率,对治疗乳腺增生具有积极意义,值得临床上推广和应用.     

自拟乳痛方治疗乳腺增生69例疗效观察

目的：观察自拟乳痛方治疗乳腺增生的疗效。方法选取2013年1月~12月来我院就诊的69例乳腺增生患者,所有患者均采用自拟乳痛方进行治疗,治疗时间1~7个疗程不等,记录乳房肿块评分以及乳房疼痛评分。结果共治疗69例患者,其中治愈30例;好转33例;无效6例;总有效率91.30%。结论自拟乳痛方治疗乳腺增生效果明显,安全可靠,值得推广。     

Mucosal bacterial dysbiosis in patients with nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in the terminal ileum

BACKGROUND Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia(NLH)in the small intestine is a rare benign lesion characterized by multiple small nodules on the intestinal surface.Patients with terminal ileal NLH may experience long-term abdominal pain,diarrhea,and abdominal distension,among other symptoms.Supplementation with probiotics could mitigate these symptoms.NLH is linked to the immune system,and it may result from accumulation of plasma-cell precursors due to a maturational defect during the development of B lymphocytes.The intestinal microbiome plays an essential role in the immune system.Thus,we speculate that the gut flora plays a key role in terminal ileal NLH.AIM To explore the correlation between intestinal flora and terminal ileal NLH.METHODS We collected mucosal biopsy samples that were obtained via colonoscopy from 15 patients with terminal ileal NLH(the test group)and 15 normal subjects(the control group).We subsequently performed 16 S-r RNA gene amplicon sequencing of these samples,and the results were evaluated using alpha diversity,beta diversity and microbial composition analyses.The Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States was used to predict the metabolic pathways and orthologous groups according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the terminal ileal NLH group showed an increased alpha diversity(P<0.05).The overall intestinal microbiota in the NLH group was significantly different from that of the control group(P<0.05),implying that there was the dysbiosis in the terminal ileal NLH patients.The relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly lower in the NLH group,while that of Patescibacteria and Campilobacterota was significantly higher.The genus Bacteroides was the dominant gut microbiota in both groups,but its abundance was significantly lower in the test group than it was in the control group.Conversely,the relative abundances of Haemophilus,Streptococcus,Pseudomonas,Actinomyces,TM7 X,Fusobacterium nucleatum,Parvimonas,Granulicatella,Helicobacter,and the[Eubacterium]nodatum group were significantly higher in the test group than they were in the control group.In addition,several altered metabolic pathways,orthologous groups,and modules were found.For example,the Peptidoglycan biosynthesis and Aminoacyl t RNA biosynthesis were both increased in the test group.CONCLUSION Maintaining the microbial balance and supplementing targeted protective bacteria could improve symptoms and potentially reduce the risk of lymphoma transformation in patients with terminal ileal NLH.     

慢性胰腺炎增生性胰管上皮细胞线粒体DNA突变的意义

目的探讨慢性胰腺炎增生性胰管上皮细胞线粒体DNA调控序列D-环突变的意义。方法利用PCR技术扩增46份来自11例慢性胰腺炎不同程度的胰腺导管增生性上皮细胞和其各自正常组织的线粒体DNA全序列。使用核苷同源序列（BLAST）分析病变组织的线粒体DNA。结果9份标本D-环共有15个突变点，增生性导管上皮细胞D-环至少存在一个以上异常点。异常D-环随病变进展程度呈进行性增加趋势．从单纯性导管上皮细胞肥大性增生的26．1％增至腺瘤样增生的80．0％（P〈0．01）。结论D-环异常程度与病变程度近乎呈平行性发展，异常D-环可作为检测增生性胰管上皮性组织病变的标志物。     

重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子对兔颈动脉粥样硬化球囊损伤后再内皮化和内膜增生的影响

Objeelive To investigate the effect of rhG-CSF on mobilizing bone marrow-MSCs, reendothelialization and intima hyperplasia in carotid artery of rabbits post balloon catheter injury, nethods Rabbits were treated with rhG-CSF (25 μkg, twice daily, i. p, n =35) or saline (n =32) for 5 days, then, carotid arteries of rabbits were injured by balloon catheter. The number of peripheral MSCs was detected with FACS. The morphology of injuried artery was examined with hematoxylin and eosin stain, PCNA was determined with immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Number of peripheral MSCs was similar at baseline and significantly increased at 24 hours and peaked at 7 days and remained increased till 14 days post rhG-CSF. (2) Significant endothelial cell deletion was evidenced in the control group, while scatter endothelial cells was observed in the rhG-CSF group at 1 week post injury. Two weeks after injury, new endothelial area was significantly higher in rhG-CSF group compared to control group. At 4 weeks post injury, endothelial connection was evidenced and regularly displayed in rhG-CSF treated group. (3) PCNA-positive cells in the tunica intima were significantly lower in rhG-CSF treated rabbits at 7, 14 and 28 days compared that in control rabbits (all P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion rhG-CSF could mobilize the bone marrow-MSCs and promote re-endothelialization and attenuate intima hyperplasia post balloon catheter injury in carotid arteries of rabbits.     

经尿道等离子前列腺剜除术治疗高龄高危前列腺增生症

目的 探讨经尿道等离子前列腺剜除术治疗高龄高危良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者的安全性及疗效.方法 将70例高龄高危BPH患者随机分为两组,每组35例,分别行经尿道等离子前列腺剜除术(TUPKEP)和传统的经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP).比较两组患者的手术时间、出血量、前列腺腺体切除重量、术后膀胱冲洗时间、术后住院天数、术后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、残余尿量(PVR)、最大尿流率(Qmax)等指标.对两组指标进行统计学分析.结果 TUPKEP组在手术的出血量、手术时间、术后膀胱冲洗时间以及术后的住院时间要明显小于TURP组(P＜0.05);TUPKEP组前列腺腺体切除重量大于TURP组(P＜0.05);两组患者术后随访3个月,残余尿、国际前列腺症状评分、生活质量评分差异均无显著性意义(P ＜0.05);TUPKEP组术后最大尿流率大于TURP组,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 TUPKEP治疗BPH疗效确切,且安全性较好,特别适用于高龄高危的患者.