波流共同作用下海底子母管线水动力的物理模型试验研究

通过物理模型试验研究海底子母管线分别在规则波加流和不规则波加流作用下的水动力特性。基于Morison方程,采用"等效直径法"分析得到子母管线拖曳力系数C_D,惯性力系数C_M和升力系数C_L(C_D⁺,C_L^-)。试验分别考察了流速比U_c/U_w,母管与海床间隙比e/D及子母管间的相对缝隙G/D对海底子母管线水动力系数的影响。结果表明水动力系数随U_c/U_w的增大而减小;当e/D<0.5时,海床对子母管线受力的影响比较明显,C_D,C_M及C_L⁺均随e/D增大而减小,|C_L^-|随e/D增大而增大;对子母管间的相互影响也不可忽略,C_D,C_M和|C_L^-|均随G/D增大而减小,C_L⁺值随G/D增大而增大。     

浅水非线性波作用下沙质底床孔隙水压力响应数值分析

近岸水深较浅,波浪具有较强的非线性,海床破坏与波浪作用下孔隙水压力的分布有着密切的关系。波浪场控制方程采用雷诺时均方程和k-ε紊流模型,入射波采用椭圆余弦波,采用PLIC-VOF法追踪自由表面;海床域以Biot动力固结理论为基础,建立了非线性波浪与海床相互作用的弱耦合数学模型,获得椭圆余弦波作用下沙质海床中孔隙水压力响应规律。计算结果表明,与线性波浪相比,浅水非线性波作用下沙质海床中孔隙水压力幅值增大非常显著。     

An Irregular Wave Maker of Active Absorption with VOF Method

A numerical irregular wave flume with active absorption of re-reflected waves is simulated by use of volume of fluid （VOF） method. An active ＇absorbing wave-maker based on linear wave theory is set on the left boundary of the wave flume. The progressive waves and the absorbing waves are generated simultaneously at the active wave generating-absorbing boundary. The absorbing waves are generated to eliminate the waves coming back to the generating boundary due to reflection from the outflow boundary and the structures. SIRW method proposed by Frigaard and Brorsen （1995） is used to separate the incident waves and reflected waves. The digital filters are designed based on the surface elevation signals of the two wave gauges. The corrected velocity of the wave-maker paddle is the output from the digital filter in real time. The numerical results of regular and irregular waves by the active absorbing-generating boundary are compared with the numerical results by the ordinary generating boundary to verify the performance of the active absorbing-generator boundary. The differences between the initial incident waves and the estimated incident waves are analyzed.     

人工岛群分阶段建设对附近水沙环境影响的数值研究

以龙口湾正在兴建的龙口人工岛群和招远人工岛群为例,利用MIKE21软件建立龙口湾人工岛群附近海域水沙数学模型。在模型经过实测资料验证的基础上,设计了两大人工岛群整体建设和间隔期不同的分期建设方案,模拟不同方案对龙口湾潮流变化和海底冲淤演变的影响。结果表明,间隔期为9 a的分期建设方案中人工岛群水道内流速较大,周围海域泥沙运动相对稳定,确定为优选方案。     

非冻结合成模型冰物理模拟冰作用力的试验技术

基于渤海海冰的物理和力学特性、海冰物理模型试验的相似理论以及国际上已有模型冰的经验, 研制了一种用于模拟我国渤海海冰的非冻结可破碎功能材料, 被命名为DUT-1模型冰.该模型冰采用聚丙烯粉、塑料微珠、水泥等材料加入一定量的水由特制的搅拌机搅拌均匀倒入模具后成型制成.通过实验室常温波流水槽中进行的冰排对直桩、锥体及斜面墙结构作用的物模实验的现象观察、结果综合分析、相关理论及经验公式计算结果比较, 验证了DUT-1模型冰试验技术的可靠性.在此基础上, 进行了冰排对半圆型防波堤结构的作用、冰排与锥体结构动力相互作用的物理模型试验研究, 展现了DUT-1模型冰的应用前景.     

Numerical Simulation of Wave Interaction with Perforated Caisson Breakwaters

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半圆型防波堤前海冰堆积模拟

半圆型防波堤已在我国的海港防波堤和河口导堤工程中得到应用,并被交通部列为重点推广技术,但对我国北方结冰海区建造的半圆型防波堤的拱圈所受的冰压力还没有相应的计算方法,目前近似地按斜面冰压力估算不很合理,需开展有关的研究工作.     

Hilbert Transform Applied to Separation of Waves

The analytical method (AM) for separation of composite waves is presented based on the Hilbert transform. It is ap-plicable to both regular and irregular trains of waves. The wave data series measured with two wave gauges in the experi-ments are separated into two series of incident and reflected waves. Then, the reflection coefficient can be easily ob-tained. The arrival of reflected waves can also be detected for improvement of the accuracy of the reflection coefficient.The reflection performance of the physical model can be estimated exactly without calculation of wave height and phasedifference. Numerical samples developed to test the method are proved to be accurate. Physical experiments are conduct-ed and compared with Goda‘s method and satisfactory results are obtained.     

Hartley变换在海洋工程中的应用研究

Hartley变换是一种基于谐函数的实变换,具有Fourier变换的特性,在海洋工程中使用Fourier变换的大部分应用都可以通过Hartley变换实现,并且快速Hartley变换的计算效率是快速Fourier变换的2倍,并易于实现,所以Hartley变换可以在许多应用中代替Fourier变换。详细介绍了Hartley变换在海洋工程领域的应用,包括:波谱分析、波浪分离、PIV(粒子图像测速法)技术和微分方程的Hartley域变换,举例说明了Hartley变换在节约计算空间和提高计算效率上具备的优越性。