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Based on RegCM4, a climate model system, we simulated the distribution of the present climate (1961-1990) and the future climate (2010-2099), under emission scenarios of RCPs over the whole Pearl River Basin. From the climate parameters, a set of mean precipitation, wet day frequency, and mean wet day intensity and several precipitation percentiles are used to assess the expected changes in daily precipitation characteristics for the 21st century. Meanwhile the return values of precipitation intensity with an average return of 5, 10, 20, and 50 years are also used to assess the expected changes in precipitation extremes events in this study. The structure of the change across the precipitation distribution is very coherent between RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The annual, spring and winter average precipitation decreases while the summer and autumn average precipitation increases. The basic diagnostics of precipitation show that the frequency of precipitation is projected to decrease but the intensity is projected to increase. The wet day percentiles (q90 and q95) also increase, indicating that precipitation extremes intensity will increase in the future. Meanwhile, the 5-year return value tends to increase by 30%-45% in the basins of Liujiang River, Red Water River, Guihe River and Pearl River Delta region, where the 5-year return value of future climate corresponds to the 8- to 10-year return value of the present climate, and the 50-year return value corresponds to the 100-year return value of the present climate over the Pearl River Delta region in the 2080s under RCP8.5, which indicates that the warming environment will give rise to changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events. 相似文献
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根据木瓜园内以及附近气象站的气温观测资料,对广州地区木瓜园的气温特征及其预报模型进行了研究。结果表明,虽然木瓜园内和园外气温日变化趋势一致,但是不论白天还是夜间,木瓜园的气温都低于园外裸地。当木瓜树体较高,冠层稠密时,园内气温的垂直分布表现为12时气温以1.5m处最高,0时气温以1.5m处最低。园内、园外气温之间存在着显著的线性相关关系。以当日园外气温为预报因子建立的不同月份1.5m高度木瓜园内气温预报方程,其平均绝对误差大都在0.5℃以内,平均相对误差大都在10%以内,具有较高的精度。 相似文献
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广东省气候生态环境监测与服务系统的设计框架Ⅰ--主要生态环境问题浅析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
广东地处祖国大陆南端,在气候类型上,71.6%为南亚热带、20.8%为中亚热带、7.6%为北热带。自北而南,土壤类型由红壤过渡到赤红壤、砖红壤,植被类型由亚热带常绿阔叶林过渡到亚热带季雨林、热带季雨林。近年来,广东生态环境保护、生态建设、资源管理得到加强,环境污染防治取得进展,生态环境质量也在逐步改善和提高。但广东生态环境形势依然严峻。充分认识并深入分析广东存在的主要生态环境问题,是气象部门气候生态环境监测与服务系统设计的前提。 相似文献
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Based on the citrus temperature, precipitation, sunlight and climate risk degree, the article divides subtropics of China
into three types: the low risk region, the moderate risk region and the high risk region. The citrus temperature risk increases
with increasing latitude (except for the western mountainous area of subtropics of China). The citrus precipitation risk in
the central part of subtropics of China is higher than that in the northern and western parts. The distributions of citrus
sunlight risk are not consistent to those of the citrus precipitation risk. The citrus climate risk is mainly influenced by
temperature. There is latitudinal zonal law for the distribution of the climate risk, that is, the climate risk increases
with increasing latitude. At the same time the climate risk in mountainous area is high and that in eastern plain area is
low. There are differences in the temporal and spatial changes of the citrus climate. In recent 46 years, the citrus climate
risk presents a gradual increasing trend in subtropics of China, especially it has been increasing fast since the 1980s. Because
of the global warming, the low risk region in the eastern and southern parts has a gradual decreasing trend, however, the
high risk region in the northern and western parts has an increasing trend and the high risk region has been extending eastward
and southward. The article analyses the distribution of the citrus climate risk degree of reduction rates of >10%, >20% and
>30% in subtropics of China, and studies their changes in different time periods. Results show that the risk is increasing
from southeast to northwest. 相似文献
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针对珠江流域,分析了在全球气候模式(BCC_CSM1.1)驱动下,区域气候模式RegCM4进行的中国区域气候变化模拟中,珠江流域在RCP4.5和RCP8.5温室气体排放情景下,未来2010—2099年的气候变化。结果表明,RegCM4对珠江流域气候特征具有很强的模拟能力。未来RCPS情景下珠江流域气温将持续增大。与参照时段(1980—1999年)相比,RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下的年平均温度在2020s分别增加0.7 ℃和0.8 ℃,2050s分别增加1.0 ℃和1.6 ℃,2080s分别增加1.6 ℃和2.9 ℃。而未来年降水并未表现出显著的变化趋势,但不同情景、不同地区预估的降水呈现不同的变化趋势。RCP4.5情景下,流域降水2020s将减少4.3%,2050s和2080s将分别增加0.7%和0.1%;RCP8.5情景下,未来不同时段流域降水均呈减少趋势,2020s、2050s和2080s分别减少1.7%、2.9%和0.2%,表明降水预估具有更大的不确定性。两种排放情景下未来降水在东南沿海增加、西北部减少,变化率为±8%。此外,两种排放情景下未来珠江流域的日平均温度统计特征发生改变,揭示未来高温事件可能增加,同时,大雨级别以上的降水发生频率增加,可能导致洪涝事件增加。 相似文献
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利用全球模式(BCC_CSM1.1)驱动区域模式RegCM4,模拟分析了RCP8.5和RCP4.5排放情景下未来2010—2099年珠江流域降水基本特征、强度分布和极端降水事件的变化特征。研究表明,RegCM4区域气候模式可刻画出珠江流域极端降水的特征。RCP4.5和RCP8.5排放情景下降水变化特征一致,未来不同时段(2020s、2050s和2080s)珠江流域的年平均降水量减少,春季和冬季减少,夏季和秋季增加,而且年平均和四季的降水频率均减少,强度增加(春季除外)。降水基本特征的变化导致降水强度分布改变,春季除外,不同时段的年和四季的降水极值(降水90th和95th分位值)的年平均值均增加,增幅最大为秋季,表明未来时段极端降水强度增加。未来不同时段珠江流域的年最大日降水量的5年重现期值在柳江流域、红水河、桂江流域和珠江三角洲(珠三角)地区增加,增幅30%~45%。RCP8.5排放情景下,未来2080s时段珠三角地区的年最大日降水量5年重现期值相当于现在时段8~10年的重现值,50年值相当于现在时段100年的重现期值,表明未来这些地区的极端降水事件发生频率增加。 相似文献
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华南暴雨的气候特征及变化 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
利用华南110个测站1961—2008年逐日降水资料,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析、计算趋势系数等统计诊断方法,分析了华南年和前、后汛期的暴雨日数、强度、贡献率等的气候特征及变化。结果表明,近48年来,华南年平均暴雨日数的地理分布总体上呈由沿海向内陆递减的趋势,最多中心在广西东兴(14.9d),最少中心在广西隆林(3.2 d)。华南的暴雨72%发生在汛期,其中前汛期占45%,后汛期占27%。华南平均年和前、后汛期暴雨日数呈微弱上升趋势,但不明显。年和前、后汛期暴雨日数具有明显的年际、年代际变化特征。华南平均年和前汛期的暴雨强度有微弱增加趋势,特别是2005年以来升幅明显,而后汛期暴雨强度有不明显减少趋势。华南年暴雨贡献率增加明显,而前、后汛期暴雨贡献率增加并不明显。小波分析表明:2000年以来,华南年、前、后汛期暴雨日数具有2~3 a和3~4 a准周期振荡。 相似文献