甜菜根关键活性成分及其生物功能研究进展

甜菜根是我国主要的糖料作物之一,在农业生产中具有重要的地位.甜菜根中的必需氨基酸、蛋白质、维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维等营养成分丰富,同时含有高水平的硝酸盐、甜菜色素、甜菜碱、类胡萝卜素、酚类化合物及抗坏血酸等多种生物活性成分.甜菜根在提高运动能力方面的功能作用被广泛证实,其产品已被初步应用到运动营养领域.此外,甜菜根及其...     

Purification and bioactivities of phycocyanin

Phycocyanin is an important light-harvesting pigment antenna protein in cyanobacteria, rhodophyta, cryptophyta, and glaucophyta, with a variety of bioactivities. The introduction of purification and bioactivities of phycocyanin contributes to a significant improvement in developing it into final processed products. In fact, the knowledge of phycocyanin has experienced a rapid increase in the past 20 years, and has promoted the relevant technological revolution with a decisive contribution to final application. The purpose of this review is to critically introduce the present knowledge of purification and bioactivities of phycocyanin, and to illustrate main problems and prospects.     

Insights into the structural characterisations,bioactivities and their correlations with water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from different pomelo (Citrus maxima Merr.) tissues

Pomelo (Citrus maxima Merr.), known as a famous fruit and folk medicine, is widely cultivated in China. Nonedible pomelo tissues contain peels, seeds, and segment membranes, which generally being discarded. Polysaccharides relationships among different pomelo tissues remain uncertain. Four water-soluble polysaccharides, PPPs, PSPs, FPPs and SMPs, were extracted from pomelo peels, seeds, pulps and segment membranes, respectively. Molecular structure and conformation were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analyses. PPPs and FPPs were consisted of Ara, GalA, GlcA, Rha, Glc, Xyl and Gal, while PSPs and SMPs did not contain GalA and Gal. The average molecular weight (Mw) of PPPs, PSPs, FPPs and SMPs was 4.604 × 10⁵, 10.85 × 10⁵, 5.795 × 10⁵ and 16.06 × 10⁵ Da, respectively. PPPs, PSPs and SMPs all showed totally spherical structures, while FPPs primarily comprised linear chains. The structures–bioactivities correlations analysis revealed that low-Mw polysaccharides had strong DPPH•, OH• scavenging and HeLa cells inhibiting activities. These data revealed that the bioactivities of pomelo tissues polysaccharides were not a function of a single factor but a combination of various characteristics.     

刺桐属植物的生物碱成分及其药理作用研究进展

刺桐属（Erythrina）植物的主要成分有黄酮和生物碱。其中生物碱成分的结构类型主要为刺桐生物碱,药理作用主要有增强细胞毒性,抗焦虑,抗痉挛和DPPH自由基清除作用。本文对此属中分离得到的生物碱及其药理活性的研究现状进行综述,为今后对此属植物进一步研究提供参考。     

大戟属植物化学成分及生理活性研究

大戟属植物约有2000余种,为大戟科中最大的属,在民间多用来治疗皮肤病、水肿和肺结核,在我国还可作通便利尿之药物。今年来对本属植物二萜、三萜成分及其生物活性的研究较多,但未见其综述性报道。本文综述了近年来大戟属植物的化学成分、生物活性的研究进展。     

玉米肽的制备及其生物活性研究进展

来源于植物的多肽类化合物因具有广泛的生物活性, 逐渐成为人们研究的热点。玉米作为一种重要的 活性肽的来源, 也受到了人们的青睐。本文综述了国内外关于玉米肽的制备方法、分析、功能活性及其应用研 究现状, 并预测了玉米活性肽的发展趋势和前景, 为玉米肽的进一步研究和应用提供了参考。     

植物糖蛋白的提取及其生物活性研究进展

总结近年来植物糖蛋白提取和纯化的工艺技术的研究和开发情况.综述不同植物来源的糖蛋白的生物活性及生理功能,以期对今后植物糖蛋白的开发和研究有一定启示.     

Biomedical applications of Aloe vera

Abstract

Over the last centuries, Aloe vera, a plant species belonging to the genus Aloe, have been extensively studied for various therapeutic activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-cancer activity, as well as immunoregulative and hepatoprotective properties, although some of these claimed efficacies are controversial as demonstrated by some of the recent studies. In spite of the intensive historic and recent use of this herb and its extracts in various areas, a well-balanced, systematic review seems crucial in order to gain in-depth comprehensive knowledge about this plant and to reflect and revive the use of Aloe vera in biomedical sciences. This review will focus on summarization of the pharmacological activities and clinical studies of Aloe and various extracts, as well as its extensive application in food chemistry, and will also discuss the future prospects of biomedical applications of this herb.     

食物中多糖组分的结构表征与活性功能研究进展

多糖作为高等植物、动物细胞膜及微生物细胞壁组成部分的天然大分子物质,与诸多生理功能密切相关.现代科学研究表明,多糖在生物体中参与了生物合成反应以及多种生命现象和生理过程.多糖研究已成为继蛋白质、核酸研究之后探索生命奥秘的又一个重大前沿课题.多糖的生物学研究非常复杂,其活性功能的分子基础和机理尚不清楚.本文综述了多糖研究的历史,食物中多糖组分的结构表征方法与研究现状,食物中多糖的活性功能研究方法与现状,并对未来食物中多糖研究的热点和发展方向进行了探讨.