基于悬臂梁位移模型的直升机桨叶损伤检测

从悬臂梁位移模型出发,建立桨叶结构损伤检测的位移残差范数准则,通过桨叶实测位移残差的范数分析结构是否存在局部裂纹损伤,研究一种基于悬臂梁位移模型的桨叶结构损伤检测方法.桨叶结构损伤用裂纹大小或刚度下降等参数指标表示.采用能量方法分析裂纹对梁元弯曲刚度的影响,建立裂纹梁有限元模型,根据桨叶有限元模型构造一种节点力残差向量,利用该力残差向量可确定损伤位置和损伤程度.最后,通过实例验证方法的可行性和有效性.     

直升机整流罩锁紧机构方案设计与研究

提出了直升机整流罩锁紧机构设计方案,利用Pro/E软件进行各零部件的三维建模、虚拟装配。通过锁紧触点运动轨迹方程的建立进行了Pro/E环境下锁紧机构运动仿真,并应用有限元分析软件MSC.Patran校核了锁紧梁的强度。通过理论设计、运动仿真和强度校核结果表明了该锁紧机构设计方案的可行性。     

旋翼试验台液压伺服控制系统设计

为了满足直升机旋翼试验台的操纵和激振的需求,设计了液压伺服控制系统。该系统由泵站、伺服控制器、伺服动作器等部分组成。系统的额定压力13.5 MPa,额定流量40 L/min,输出频率0～100 Hz。使用结果表明,该系统满足所有的设计要求。     

Using parallel line information for vision-based landmark location estimation and an application to automatic helicopter landing

An approach to landmark location estimation by computer vision techniques is proposed. The objective is to derive the position and the orientation of the landmark with respect to the vehicle by a single image. Such information is necessary for automatic vehicle navigation. This approach requires lower hardware cost and simple computation. The vanishing points of the parallel lines on the landmark are used to detect the landmark orientation. The detected vanishing points are used to derive the relative orientation between the landmark and the camera, which is then utilized to compute the landmark orientation with respect to the vehicle. The size of the landmark is used to determine the landmark position. Sets of collinear points are extracted from the landmark and their inter-point distances are computed. The positions of the collinear point sets are evaluated and used to determine the landmark position. Landing site location estimation by using the identification marking H on the helicopter landing site for automatic helicopter landing is presented as an application of the proposed approach. Simulations and experiments have been conducted to prove the feasibility of the proposed approach.     

直升机飞行视景仿真实现

为了用视景仿真技术模拟直升机的飞行姿态,通过三维视景建模软件Multigen Creator,建立了直升机、地形场景的视景模型,以三维仿真软件包OpenGVS作为图形开发引擎,用现代软件工程的方法,在VisualC++6.0平台上构建了直升机飞行仿真软件的整体框架,完成其中关键模块的代码编写.对于输入模块,用游戏杆作为视点变换的控制工具,运用Direct-Input接口技术对其编程.通过实例运行所编制代码,在飞行操作杆控制下,系统在飞行模拟过程中实时跟随性较好,达到理想的飞行仿真效果,从而为以后进一步研究直升机综合操纵特性和飞行品质作了一个预先性仿真研究.     

涡轴发动机旋翼系统仿真建模研究

在直升机的仿真建模中,涡轮轴发动机模型的准确程度直接影响着动力系统模型的逼真程度,同时它也是直升机动力学建模的重要组成部分。为解决上述问题,研究了涡轮轴发动机建模方法,给出了考虑旋翼负载反馈的发动机控制系统模型,以及内、外环串联控制回路的发动机输出功率控制方式,设计了涡轮轴发动机动力调节的控制律,从而实现了涡轮轴发动机和旋翼一体化的直升机动力系统仿真模型,并通过仿真实例对模型进行验证,证实了模型的正确性。     

超轻型直升飞机与固定翼飞机在森林病虫害防治应用中的比较研究

对超轻型直升飞机与固定翼飞机在森林病虫害防治应用中的性能、喷洒效果、作业效率、使用费用、安全性等方面进行了比较,结果表明,在山区森林病虫害防治中,超轻型直升飞机优于固定翼飞机,能有效地提高防治效果.     

基于LQR直升机模糊滑模跟踪控制

研究直升机系统稳定性优化问题,由于直升机系统的强耦合和非线性特性的影响,使飞行的稳定性和实时跟踪性差。为解决上述问题,对直升机原始数学模型进行近似线性化和解耦处理,采用模糊滑模控制方法实现直升机姿态角度的跟踪控制。首先,在滑模面的设计中引入最优线性二次型调节器,构建一种积分型切换面。其次,以切换面及导数的乘积和滑模切换增益的变化量为模糊系统的变量,实时调整变结构控制项的切换增益。仿真结果表明,通过控制器设计能够实现直升机姿态角度跟踪的稳定性,对外界不确定干扰具有强鲁棒性且控制器输出抖振问题得到明显改善。     

An on-line learning neural controller for helicopters performing highly nonlinear maneuvers

This paper presents an on-line learning adaptive neural control scheme for helicopters performing highly nonlinear maneuvers. The online learning adaptive neural controller compensates the nonlinearities in the system and uncertainties in the modeling of the dynamics to provide the desired performance. The control strategy uses a neural controller aiding an existing conventional controller. The neural controller is based on a online learning dynamic radial basis function network, which uses a Lyapunov based on-line parameter update rule integrated with a neuron growth and pruning criteria. The online learning dynamic radial basis function network does not require a priori training and also it develops a compact network for implementation. The proposed adaptive law provides necessary global stability and better tracking performance. Simulation studies have been carried-out using a nonlinear (desktop) simulation model similar to that of a BO105 helicopter. The performances of the proposed adaptive controller clearly shows that it is very effective when the helicopter is performing highly nonlinear maneuvers. Finally, the robustness of the controller has been evaluated using the attitude quickness parameters (handling quality index) at different speed and flight conditions. The results indicate that the proposed online learning neural controller adapts faster and provides the necessary tracking performance for the helicopter executing highly nonlinear maneuvers.