预防型抗氟剂中硼的排泄规律探讨

目的　探讨预防型抗氟剂在体内硼的排泄规律。方法　将大鼠 30只随机分为对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组 ,低、高剂量组分别给予含硼 1 8mg/(kg·d) 和 30 0mg/(kg·d) 的抗氟剂灌胃。结果　给药期间 ,低、高剂量组尿硼浓度及排出量和四肢长骨及肝脏中的硼含量均较对照组明显升高 ,尿硼排出量随进药量增加而增高 ;停止给药后 ,尿硼浓度及排出量则迅速下降 ,到第 3天后各组已趋同一水平。结论　硼在体内代谢较快 ,但高剂量组在骨骼中有一定的硼潴留     

2018年度陕西省地方病实验室水氟、尿氟测定质量考核结果分析

目的分析陕西省2018年省、市、县三级地方病实验室参加全国水氟、尿氟质量考核情况,评价省、市、县各级实验室的检测能力和质量水平。方法 2018年对陕西省饮水型和燃煤型氟中毒病区检测项目的地方病实验室进行水、尿氟测定质量考核。参加水氟测定质量考核的有1个省级实验室、11个市级实验室、25个县(区)级实验室;参加尿氟测定质量考核的实验室有1个省级实验室、10个市级实验室,11个县(区)级实验室。考核结果公议值来自全国所有参加水氟、尿氟考核的实验室,考核结果采用Z比分值法进行统计学评价。1)当|Z|≤2时,该考核项目合格;2)当2<|Z|<3时,该考核项目基本合格;3)当|Z|≥3,该考核项目不合格。结果陕西省参加2018年全国水氟测定质量考核的省、市、县37个实验室,尿氟考核的省、市、县22个实验室均通过了全国地方病防治机构氟砷实验室考核,反馈率和合格率均为100%。结论 2018年全省共有37个实验室参加了含氟水样考核,22个实验室参加了含氟冻干尿样考核,反馈率、合格率均达到100%。使地方病氟中毒监测项目提供的实验数据有了可靠的质量保障。     

载氟陶瓷托槽材料的实验研究

目的研究载氟CePO₄/ZrO₂陶瓷托槽材料,并初步分析其表面性能。方法采用沉淀法和机械球磨法来制备载氟CePO₄包覆ZrO₂复合陶瓷。运用X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）观察复合陶瓷托槽材料的相组成和显微组织。结果制备出晶粒尺寸均一,分布均匀的载氟CePO₄/ZrO₂陶瓷材料。结论载氟陶瓷托槽材料表面性状及稳定性良好,能满足口腔正畸托槽材料的需要。     

Syntheses of meta-[F]Fluorobenzaldehyde and meta-[F]Fluorobenzylbromide from Phenyl(3-Formylphenyl) Iodonium Salt Precursors

¹⁸F‐labeled fluorobenzaldehydes and fluorobenzylbromides are useful synthons for the preparation of positron emission tomography radiopharmaceuticals. Although ortho‐ and para‐[¹⁸F]fluorobenzaldehydes can easily be prepared with high yields, the corresponding meta‐derivatives are more problematic. In order to improve the yield of meta‐[¹⁸F]fluorobenzaldehyde, we used the corresponding diaryliodonium salt precursors, since diaryliodonium salts had already been used as precursors in the preparations of ¹⁸F‐labeled electron‐rich, as well as electron‐deficient, aromatic rings. Diaryliodonium salts with different counter ions [PhIPhCHO]X (X = Cl, Br, OTs, OTf) were synthesized. ¹⁸F radiolabeling was performed using different bases at different temperatures in the presence of a radical scavenger, 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxyl (TEMPO). The best conversion (～80%) to meta‐[¹⁸F]fluorobenzaldehyde was obtained using CsHCO₃ base at a reaction temperature of 110°C. To study iodonium salt counter ion effects on radiofluorination, each precursor was separately treated with Cs[¹⁸F]F/CsHCO₃ in DMF at 110°C for 5 min in the presence of TEMPO. Our observed reactivity order was OTsMeta‐[¹⁸F]fluorobenzaldehyde thus obtained was reduced to the corresponding alcohol with aqueous NaBH₄ at room temperature and then converted to meta‐[¹⁸F]fluorobenzylbromide using triphenylphosphine dibromide. Formation of meta‐[¹⁸F]fluorobenzylbromide was confirmed using high‐performance liquid chromatography and the desired product was purified on a silica Sep ‐ Pak^® plus cartridge. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Facile Preparation of a Fluorine‐Free,Robust, Superhydrophobic Coating through Dip Coating Combined with Non‐Solvent Induced Phase Separation (Dip‐Coating‐NIPS) Method

Superhydrophobic surfaces based on non‐fluorinated materials and facile fabrication techniques are of great practical value with respect to environmental friendliness and industrial applications. In this work, a fluorine‐free, superhydrophobic coating with hierarchical surface structure and low surface energy is successfully fabricated on various substrates through a recently developed dip coating combined with non‐solvent induced phase separation (dip‐coating‐NIPS) method. A bio‐based polymer, poly(l ‐lactic acid), and commercially available hydrophobic SiO₂ nanoparticles, are used. The fabricated coating exhibits superhydrophobicity, with a static water contact angle (WCA) of 155.7° ± 1.4° and contact angle hysteresis (θ_Hys) of 5.2° ± 0.4°. The results from stability tests demonstrate excellent mechanical durability and chemical stability of the superhydrophobic coating. Finally, the fabricated coating is successfully applied in water–oil separation with superior efficiency. This simple, cost‐effective, and time‐efficient method may provide an effective way for the design of nonfluorine‐based environmentally friendly membranes for separation applications.     

Carboxylic Acid Enriched Porous Organic Polymer as a Platform for Highly Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

To develop highly efficient organic dyes adsorbents are of great importance for environmental issues. In this work, a negatively charged porous organic polymer (POP) is synthesized by simple aromatic nucleophilic substitution (S_NAr) and hydrolysis reaction. This polymer POP‐TFP‐COOH structure is confirmed by IR and ¹³C cross‐polarization/magic‐angle‐spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. Due to the existence of phenyl rings and carboxylic acid groups, POP‐TFP‐COOH displays excellent adsorption ability for the positive dye methylene blue (MB), with a maximum value of 2740 mg g^?1. This porous polymer can be reused at least four times without obvious loss of its adsorption capacity.     

补脾益气汤联合西药治疗慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察补脾益气汤联合西药治疗慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将100例住院患者按病志号抽签法简单随机分为两组。对照组50例舒氟美,0.2g/次,2次/d;异丙托溴铵气雾剂,80ug/次,3次/d;依据情况支气管扩张剂、低流量氧疗、抗生素及化痰剂治疗。治疗组50例补脾益气汤(党参、黄芪、山药各20g,白术、茯苓、熟地、紫苑各15g,五味子、杏仁、桃仁各10g,甘草5g),1剂/d,水煎200m L,早晚口服;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗90d为1疗程。观测临床症状、喘息、生存质量评分、不良反应。治疗1疗程,判定疗效。[结果]治疗组痊愈15例,显效26例,有效7例,无效2例,总有效率96.00%。对照组痊愈11例,显效20例,有效10例,无效9例,总有效率82.00%。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。生存质量评分两组均有改善(P0.05),治疗组改善优于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]补脾益气汤联合西药治疗慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期,疗效满意,无副作用,值得推广。