鄂尔多斯东北部中侏罗世孢粉化石及古气候意义

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部内蒙古伊金霍洛旗乌兰木伦地区是我国重要的能源矿产地,含煤岩系赋存在侏罗系延安组中,延安组岩石组合以灰白色砂岩、灰色粉砂岩、灰色泥岩为主,夹多层煤层;延安组上覆直罗组以灰色、灰绿色砂岩、灰色粉砂岩、紫红色泥岩为主。通过对乌兰木伦地区武家塔露天煤矿剖面延安组和直罗组孢粉化石分析,在延安组中识别出Cyathidites-Lycopodiumsporites-Neoraistrickia-Cycadopites孢粉组合带,以桫椤科、石松科孢子繁盛,紫萁科孢子和单沟/原始沟类、松柏类两气囊花粉发育,卷柏科孢子及柏科花粉较常见为主要特征,时代为中侏罗世早期(阿林期—巴柔期)。根据延安组孢粉母体植物的生态环境分析,本区在这一沉积时期的气候属于温暖湿润的亚热带—温带型气候。直罗组孢粉化石较少,主要见Cyathidites minor,Osmundacidites parvus,Concentrisporites fragilis,Cycadopites spp.等。综合地层岩性、孢粉组合及古植被分析,延安组到直罗组沉积时期总体上呈现从温暖湿润的亚热带—温带型向半干旱—干旱炎热型的气候...     

封闭环境下限制误差发散的高精度导航定位

基于GNSS系统的导航定位设备在封闭或受阻环境下导航精度受限,为此,提升地下空间或室内定位精度,摆脱对GNSS的依赖是当前的研究热点。针对该问题,本文研究了LiDAR+IMU+DMI多源传感器导航定位技术,通过将LiDAR控制标靶数据带入卡尔曼滤波方程,计算IMU+DMI组合的误差状态向量,限制其误差发散,从而获取设备的高精度位置。该技术能使移动检测设备完全摆脱对GNSS信号的依赖,实现地下封闭空间移动测量设备精确定位,便于地下空间检测。通过在武汉某地铁试验表明,本文算法适用于地下、室内空间封闭环境中无GNSS信号的移动测量设备高精度导航定位。     

自然资源部门户网站政民互动的设计与实现

随着国家机构改革的持续推进,围绕自然资源部政务服务特点和部门户网站“政民互动的重要窗口”的功能定位,在部门户网站原有“部长信箱”功能的基础上,充分考虑政民互动的新需求,设计并实践了部门户网站“政民互动”的新模式。本文研究了基于部门户网站的“政民互动”工作流程,以及所依托的网站建议留言管理系统的体系结构、技术架构、关键技术、部署模式和主要功能等,升级改版了部门户网站“互动”栏目。为部和民众两者间的双向沟通搭建了桥梁,为部政策制定、决策部署、问题处理、工作改进等提供了群众基础和科学依据,成为了部“政民互动”的重要渠道。通过网站建议留言管理系统的建设以及门户网站“互动”栏目的整合,不断提升部网上服务能力,是建设新形势下服务型政府、推进“互联网+政务服务”工作的有益实践。     

GRAPES模式中不同陆面方案对新疆一次强降水事件的模拟

本文采用中尺度数值预报模式GRAPES_Meso V3.3.2.5版本以及NECP的GFS资料,分别选用模式中不同陆面参数化方案(SLAB、LSM、NOAH)对2013年9月14-17日新疆强降水过程进行数值模拟试验,模拟的结果表明：陆面方案对主要雨带的落区和大致走向影响并不大,但对降强度的模拟还是敏感的,耦合陆面方案比不耦合陆面方案的模拟效果更接近实况;不同陆面方案模拟的降水量存在一定差异,它们对降水中心落点、强度以及类型方面各有所长;在各种试验的综合比较中,NOAH方案较其他方案的模拟结果显得更稳定与合理。     

天津武清地区单颗粒黑碳气溶胶特征观测分析

该文介绍了单颗粒黑碳测量仪的观测原理,该仪器利用红外波段的连续激光束对黑碳粒子加热并使之燃烧,通过粒子发出的散射光信号和黑碳粒子燃烧时发出的光信号,来分析每一个黑碳粒子的特性,并通过两种信号的时间差判断黑碳粒子的混合状态。其原理有别于传统的黑碳气溶胶观测方法,可以提供单个黑碳气溶胶粒子特性信息。2009年12月使用单颗粒黑碳测量仪在天津市武清地区进行了为期近1个月的观测。结果表明:粒径为50~500 nm的气溶胶粒子中,黑碳气溶胶粒子占57.2%,平均数浓度为1504 cm-3,黑碳气溶胶粒子的平均质量浓度为8.15 μg/m3,包衣较厚的混合型黑碳气溶胶粒子占黑碳气溶胶粒子的51.5%。     

海南琼海加积井水温同震效应特征和机理初探

基于海南加积井数字化水温2007年1月-2010年4月震中距小于8 000 km、Ms≥7.8大震的同震响应资料,系统分析水温年月日正常动态特征,发现远震引起的水温同震效应特征为上升脉冲,与以往的非自流井水温同震效应以下降为主的认识不一致;水温变化幅度与震中距、震级有一定关系,加积井水温同震效应成因,可用“层内混合”作...     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000332

A huge triangle-shaped tectonic region in eastern Asia plays host to numerous major earthquakes. The three boundaries of this region, which contains plateaus, mountains, and intermountain basins, are roughly the Himalayan arc, the Tianshan-Baikal, and longitude line 105°E. Within this triangular region, tectonism is intense and major deformation occurs both between crustal blocks and within most of them. Outside of this region, rigid blocks move as a whole with relatively few major earthquakes and relatively weak Cenozoic deformation. On a large tectonic scale, the presence of this broad region of intraplate deformation results from dynamic interactions between the Indian, Philippine Sea-West Pacific, and Eurasian plates, as well as the influence of deep-level mantle flow. The Indian subcontinent, which continues to move northwards at 40 mm/a since its collision with Eurasia, has plunged beneath Tibet, resulting in various movements and deformations along the Himalayan arc that diffuse over a long distance into the hinterland of Asia. The northward crustal escape of Asia from the Himalayan collisional zone turns eastwards and southeastwards along 95°–100°E longitude and defines the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. At the western Himalayan syntaxis, the Pamirs continue to move into central Asia, leading to crustal deformation and earthquakes that are largely accommodated by old EW or NW trending faults in the bordering areas between China, Mongolia, and Russia, and are restricted by the stable landmass northwest of the Tianshan-Altai-Baikal region. The subduction of the Philippine and Pacific plates under the Eurasian continent has generated a very long and narrow seismic zone along trenches and island arcs in the marginal seas while imposing only slight horizontal compression on the Asian continent that does not impede the eastward motion of eastern Asia. In the third dimension, there may be southeastward deep mantle flow beneath most of Eurasia that reaches the marginal seas and may contribute to extension along the eastern margin of Eurasia.     

A new predictive formula for inception of regular wave breaking

Efforts are made to enhance the predictive formula for the inception of wave breaking. To achieve success, the existing formulas are extensively reviewed. They are categorized into four types, i.e., the McCowan type, the Miche type, the Goda type and the Munk type. The inherent relations among the different types are then exploited. The differences among each formula within a group are also discussed. Four representative formulas from the different types are chosen to compare with the measured data for a total number of 1193 cases reported in literatures. It is shown that Goda's and Ostendorf and Madsen's formulas are advantageous in general among the selected ones. Goda's formula, however, is found to be inaccurate as the beach slope becomes steeper than 1/10. Ostendorf and Madsen's formula is fairly good even for cases of very steep slopes, but its accuracy for the cases of ordinary slopes is not as good as Goda's. A new predictive formula for the inception of wave breaking is proposed. The unique index, defined by ψ′_b = (1.21 − 3.30λ_b)(1.48 − 0.54γ_b)ψ_b, where ψ_b = gH_b/C_b², H_b is the breaking wave height, C_b is the breaking wave celerity, λ_b is the breaking wave steepness, γ_b is the relative breaking wave height, and g is the gravity acceleration, is introduced. The incipient condition of wave breaking is then given by ψ′_b = 0.69. This formula is a significant improvement to the existing ones in terms of the accuracy. In addition, it is a local relation. Further verification shows that the proposed formula performs similarly well when applied to the field and to the waves over permeable bed.     

一类具有输入量化和未知扰动的非线性系统的自适应有限时间动态面控制

本文研究了具有量化输入信号和未知扰动的非线性系统的有限时间自适应输出反馈动态面控制问题.在控制设计过程中,利用模糊逻辑系统对系统中的非线性项进行逼近.然后引入一种滞回量化器来避免量化信号中的抖振,并且构造模糊观测器来估计系统中不可测的状态.为了提出一种有限时间控制策略,首先给出了半全局实际有限时间稳定的判据.在此基础上,将动态面控制技术与反步法相结合,设计了自适应模糊控制器.该控制器不仅能保证跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛到原点的一个小邻域,而且可以保证闭环系统中所有信号的有界性.最后通过一个仿真实例验证了该控制方法的有效性和可行性.     

三种经典夜间陆地雾遥感反演方法的适用性对比分析

相较于地面站点观测,卫星可以监测更大范围的夜间雾区分布,目前虽然已存在几种经典的夜间陆地雾遥感反演算法,然而其在我国大范围陆上的适用性尚不清楚。基于葵花8号（Himawari-8）静止气象卫星数据,分别利用双通道差值法、温度差值法及归一化大雾指数法反演了我国2016年1月—2018年12月的夜间陆地雾区,并用地面观测资料以鉴定成功评分、准确率、判识率和误判率为指标参数对雾区反演结果进行验证分析,讨论了三种反演方法的适用性。结果显示:1)三种夜间陆地雾反演方法在秋季和冬季反演效果最好,其中温度差值法的鉴定成功评分高、准确率高、误判率低,反演效果最好,双通道差值法的判识率高、误判率高,反演效果次之,归一化大雾指数法效果最差。2)三种方法对夜间陆地雾的反演在秋季和冬季的最佳适用区域略有不同,但都倾向于在平原和盆地达到最佳效果,如华北平原、长江中下游平原和四川盆地。3)两次雾过程的反演结果显示,温度差值法和双通道差值法对平原地区夜间雾的识别能力均较强,在具体雾过程反演中各有优势。