岩溶地质对隧道施工稳定性的影响评价

根据依托工程的工程地质特点,利用三维有限元数值模拟方法,选取典型断面,通过分析有溶洞与无溶洞两种工况下隧道开挖引起的隧道围岩的位移、应力等指标的变化,来评价溶洞对隧道稳定性的影响,指出岩溶离隧道顶部较近时,隧道开挖可能使顶板断裂而出现垮塌,从而造成突水突泥等地质灾害。     

控制爆破技术在连拱隧道掘进应用的研究

九江至瑞昌高速公路A2标新合连拱隧道,穿越地层复杂,施工要求高。为保证工期和施工质量、安全,针对岩体特征及浅埋偏压段的实际,进行合理的超前支护;采用隧道光面爆破技术,经现场试验,对连拱隧道开挖爆破参数、装药结构和起爆网路进行优化设计;对钻爆、施工管理,提出了合理的质量要求和安全措施,实现了改善爆破效果、降低施工成本的目的。对类似隧道开挖施工具有一定的参考价值。     

相邻工作面间无煤柱开采沿空留巷法初探

长壁工作面之间都留有一定宽度的安全煤柱,造成煤柱损失;在一定条件下,实行无煤柱开采,具有明显的经济和社会效益.镇城底矿22117与22115工作面原设计以一断层为界,经过掘探,未发现该断层,可采用沿空留巷的方法进行无煤柱开采.本文论述了在煤层具有自燃发火倾向的条件下实施沿空留巷的方法及技术关键.     

爆破荷载作用下新建与既有隧道支护结构

系统研究爆破冲击同时对新建隧道和既有隧道支护结构动力影响具有重要意义。以某隧道接近既有隧道为例,建立爆破施工对既有隧道和新建隧道支护结构的影响三维模型,利用高能炸药材料模型及JWL状态方程来模拟爆破荷载作用下既有隧道的动力响应特性,结合LS-DYNA显式动力分析程序和多物质流固耦合算法较为准确地对新建隧道的爆破机理进行数值模拟,对爆破荷载作用下既有隧道二次衬砌与新建隧道初期支护的动力响应规律展开研究,得到了不同工况下新建隧道二衬和既有隧道初支在不同时刻的振速分布规律、位移变化云图。结果表明：不同围岩等级既有隧道二次衬砌的动力响应规律十分相似,爆破冲击波最先传到既有隧道二次衬砌上迎爆侧边墙上,既有隧道二次衬砌结构上质点沿X方向振速峰值最大,衰减较快。当距离掌子面一定距离后,新建隧道拱脚处振速峰值超过拱顶位置,不同位置振速大小依次是拱脚＞拱顶＞拱腰。初期支护上质点X、Y、Z 3个振动方向中沿Z方向即隧道中心线方向振动较大,衰减较快。炸药起爆后,新建隧道初期支护上不同位置在爆破冲击波的作用下,沿着掌子面往洞口方向依次发生振动,同一断面上,拱顶和拱脚位置振速较大,施工中应加强监测。     

抗裂剂与冷却水管协同控制金鸡湖隧道侧墙结构开裂应用研究

为了抑制金鸡湖隧道主体结构厚度为1.4 m侧墙的早期收缩裂缝,在优选原材料与配合比设计的基础上,提出了采用抗裂剂与冷却水管控温协同控制的方法来降低混凝土开裂风险,并通过理论评估与工程应用分析了该方法的可行性.结果表明:夏季高温施工时,通过使用抗裂剂与合理预埋、操作冷却水管来调控结构温升和变形,可将收缩开裂风险系数基本控...     

Thermo-hydro-chemical couplings considered in safety assessment of shallow tunnels subjected to fire load

Fire loading of concrete tunnel linings is characterized by various physical, chemical, and mechanical processes, resulting in spalling of near-surface concrete layers and degradation of strength and stiffness of the remaining tunnel lining. In this paper, the governing transport processes taking place in concrete at elevated temperatures are considered within a recently published fire-safety assessment tool [Savov K, Lackner R, Mang HA. Stability assessment of shallow tunnels subjected to fire load. Fire Safety J 2005; 40: 745–763] for underground structures. In contrast to consideration of heat transport only [Savov et al.], a coupled thermo-hydro-chemical analysis, simulating the heat and mass transport in concrete under fire loading, is performed, giving access to more realistic temperature distributions as well as gas-pressure distributions within the tunnel lining. These data serve as input for the structural safety assessment tool considering, in addition to the temperature dependence of mechanical properties, the effect of the gas pressure on the strength properties of the heated lining concrete. The combination of the two analysis tools (coupled analysis of governing transport processes and structural safety assessment) is illustrated by the fire-safety assessment of a cross-section of the Lainzer tunnel (Austria) characterized by low overburden (shallow tunnel).     

Mechanical analysis of circular liners with particular reference to composite supports. For example, liners consisting of shotcrete and steel sets

This paper describes a methodology for the mechanical analysis of composite supports, such as liners consisting of shotcrete and steel sets. The methodology presented here is based on an established technique of structural analysis commonly referred to as the ‘equivalent section’ approach. This technique consists in treating the composite section of a straight beam as a homogenized section of equivalent mechanical properties. The equations presented in this paper have been derived from application of the theory of elastic shells (or curved beams) and therefore are more appropriate for the analysis of circular tunnel liners. The proposed methodology for the design of liners is based on the construction of capacity diagrams, another established technique of structural analysis and concrete design that can be conveniently extended to the analysis of composite sections for tunnel liners. When applying the theory of elastic shells to derive the equations that conform to the proposed methodology, the problem of determining the mechanical response of semi-circular arches treated with the theory of thin and thick formulations has been re-visited. Observations of practical interest arising from the comparison of results obtained with both approaches are discussed.     

牛官头隧道锚喷支护施工

介绍了甬台温高速公路牛官头隧道锚喷支护施工新材料、新工艺、新方法,并制定出施工中出现问题的对策。     

TBM施工隧洞混凝土衬砌轴线的确定

根据TBM施工的特点,论述了TBM掘进轴线与设计洞轴线的关系.在全面满足结构设计、过水能力及质量控制标准的前提下,TBM施工隧洞二次混凝土衬砌轴线采用TBM掘进轴线是合适的.     

Tunneling enhancement through a barrier surrounded by a mesoscopic cavity

We examine the conductance behavior of a cavity containing a relatively opaque transverse barrier. We show that the transmission of this structure is strongly dependent on the longitudinal position of the barrier and, in particular, has a maximum value when the barrier is located exactly in the middle of the cavity. In this specific condition the overall conductance is much greater than that associated with the barrier alone. Finally we propose a physical interpretation for the obtained numerical results.