Propolis alleviates aluminium-induced lipid peroxidation and biochemical parameters in male rats

Aluminium is present in many manufactured foods and medicines and is also added to drinking water during purification purposes. Therefore, the present experiment was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of propolis in alleviating the toxicity of aluminium chloride (AlCl₃) on biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation of male Wistar Albino rats. Animals were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: control; 34 mg AlCl₃/kg bw; 50 mg propolis/kg bw; AlCl₃ (34 mg/kg bw) plus propolis (50 mg/kg bw), respectively. Rats were orally administered their respective doses daily for 70 days. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was increased, and the activities of glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased in liver, kidney and brain of rats treated with AlCl₃. While, TBARS was decreased and the antioxidant enzymes were increased in rats treated with propolis alone. Plasma transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-c were increased, while total protein, albumin and high HDL-c were decreased due to AlCl₃ administration. The presence of propolis with AlCl₃ alleviated its toxic effects in rats treated with AlCl₃. It can be concluded that propolis has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize AlCl₃ toxicity.     

Prophylactic role of curcumin in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis murine model

We have addressed in this study the possible protective role of the main principle of turmeric pigment; curcumin on a murine model of ulcerative colitis (UC). Colitis was induced by administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) (3% W/V) in drinking water to male Swiss albino rats for 5 consecutive days. DSS challenge induced UC model that was well characterized morphologically and biochemically. DSS produced shrinkage of colon length and increased the relative colon weight/length ratio accompanied by mucosal edema and bloody stool. Histologically, DSS produced submucosal erosions, ulceration, inflammatory cell infiltration and crypt abscess as well as epithelioglandular hyperplasia. The model was confirmed biochemically, and the test battery entailed elevated serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and colonic activity of myleoperoxidase (MPO). Colonic glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and its substrate concentration; GSH, were notably reduced, while lipid peroxidation, expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and total nitric oxide (NO) were significantly increased. Prior administration of curcumin (100 mg/kg, IP) for 7 consecutive days ahead of DSS challenge mitigated the injurious effects of DSS and ameliorated all the altered biochemical parameters. These results suggest that curcumin could possibly have a protective role in ulcerative colitis probably via regulation of oxidant/anti-oxidant balance and modulation of the release of some inflammatory endocoids, namely TNF-α and NO.     

一氧化氮在急性出血坏死性胰腺炎时对胰腺细胞凋亡的作用机理

目的 探讨一氧化氮(NO)在急性出血坏死性胰腺炎时对胰腺细胞bcl-2和Bax基因的作用调控胰腺细胞的凋亡.方法 通过对SD大鼠支撑胰腺炎模型后,不同的处理手段,采点处死后,对胰腺细胞bcl-2和BaX基因表达的评分、胰腺细胞凋亡指数、淀粉酶和NO关系的比较.结果 NO可以通过早期启动胰腺细胞的凋亡基因的激活,抑制抑凋亡基因的表达,促进胰腺细胞的凋亡.结论 NO通过调节BaX、bcl-2等凋亡相关基因,调控胰腺细胞的凋亡.     

蒙药塔本文都苏油丸对衰老小鼠皮层MDA、NO、SOD水平变化的影响

[目的]探讨蒙药塔本文都苏(TBWDS)油丸抗衰老作用及其机制. [方法]采用半乳糖所致衰老小鼠连续给以塔本文都苏油丸灌胃40 d后,测定小鼠脑组织中一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平. [结果]与模型组比较,塔本文都苏油丸可明显提高衰老模型小鼠脑组织中SOD的活性,降低脑组织中MDA和NO的含量. [结论]塔本文都苏油丸具有明显的抗衰老作用,此作用与其抗氧化损伤有关.     

l-Arginine enhances the triglyceride-lowering effect of simvastatin in patients with elevated plasma triglycerides

We recently noticed a possible triglyceride-lowering effect during dietary supplementation with l-arginine. The major limitation of prior studies on l-arginine, however, was that triglyceride levels were not the primary end point, and patients were not necessarily hypertriglyceridemic. Therefore, we conducted a 2-arm, randomized, double-blind study in 33 hypertriglyceridemic patients to investigate the hypothesis that oral l-arginine may lower serum triglyceride levels in hypertriglyceridemic patients on and off statins. The study consisted of a 6-week run-in phase, 6 weeks of treatment with l-arginine (n = 22, 1.5 g bid) or placebo (n = 11), and a 6-week extension period where simvastatin (20 mg qd) was added. All patients received dietary advice during each study visit. Routine and lipid laboratory parameters were determined in the local routine clinical laboratory. Treatment with l-arginine alone had no effects on serum lipids compared to placebo. The combination of l-arginine with simvastatin led to a significantly stronger reduction in triglycerides compared to placebo plus simvastatin (−140.5 ± 149.2 mg/dL vs −56.1 ± 85.0 mg/dL; P = .048). In addition, we found simvastatin-induced increases in aspartate transaminase and fibrinogen to be attenuated by l-arginine as compared to placebo. We conclude from our data that l-arginine enhances the effects of simvastatin on lipid metabolism, but it has no triglyceride-lowering effects when given alone.     

洁泽2号体外杀精及大鼠阴道避孕实验

目的:观察中药复方药液洁泽1号(Jieze NO.1,JZ1)对外用杀精剂壬苯醇醚(N-9)的杀精增效作用及洁泽2号(Jieze NO.2,JZ2,JZ1与N-9混合制剂)凝胶大鼠阴道内用药的避孕(抗生育)效果。方法:采用改良的Sander-cramer方法观察JZ2中N-9的最低杀精浓度对正常人精子前向运动率、活动率和存活率的影响;大鼠阴道内给予JZ2药物凝胶后雌雄合笼,分别于交配后1 min、3 min、5 min、10 min观察阴道内精子活动情况,并观察各组避孕率。结果:N-9 20 s、3 min最低杀精浓度均为0.25 mg/ml,与洁泽1号混合(即JZ2)后,N-9最低杀精浓度分别为0.125 mg/ml、0.062 5 mg/ml。交配后1 min,各单纯N-9及JZ2凝胶组大鼠阴道内均未见活动精子。N-9(12%及以上浓度)、JZ2(含10%及以上浓度N-9)各组均有较高的避孕率,与自然对照组及空白凝胶组之间的差异均有极显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。JZ2(含14%、12%N-9)药物凝胶组抗生育率均可达100%,与14%N-9作用相当。JZ2(含10%N-9及8%N-9)抗生育率分别为90%、40%,与自然对照组之间有统计学差异。JZ2(含12%N-9和10%N-9)凝胶组对大鼠的避孕作用强于相同浓度的N-9组,且比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:由剂量-反应关系曲线可以看出JZ1对N-9的杀精作用具有协同作用,两药混合后(即JZ2)可以减少N-9的剂量;JZ2凝胶大鼠阴道内用药具有较好的抗生育作用,在相同避孕效果下可减少N-9的用量。     

洁泽2号预防白色念珠菌阴道炎的实验研究

目的:观察洁泽2号(JZ2)中药复方洁泽1号(JZ1)与外用杀精剂壬苯醇醚(N-9)混合制剂体外对白色念珠菌的抑菌活性及对小鼠白色念珠菌性阴道炎的预防作用。方法:采用琼脂稀释多点接触法检测最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC);造模前阴道内按分组分别注入各药物凝胶20μl,1min后阴道接种白色念珠菌液5×104个/只,分别于造模后第2、4、7、14天观察小鼠阴道灌洗液菌丝生成及菌落计数结果,阴道、子宫组织PAS染色,各组阴道组织的炎症分值及阴道炎预防率。结果:体外实验中,JZ2对念珠菌的抑制作用较N-9好,菌液浓度为5×105个/ml时,JZ2的MIC和MBC均为1∶64(含JZ17.8mg,N-90.78mg);随着JZ2凝胶中JZ1浓度的降低,小鼠白色念珠菌性阴道炎预防率逐渐下降,呈现一定的量效关系。JZ2高剂量凝胶组预防率可达65.0%,与模型组预防率0、空白凝胶组预防率20.0%比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),与西药对照组(联苯苄唑凝胶)作用相当,但强于N-9组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。JZ2中、低剂量凝胶组预防率较低,但与模型组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:体外实验中JZ2(含JZ17.8mg,N-90.78mg)即可抑制念珠菌的生长;JZ2凝胶对白色念珠菌性阴道炎具有较好的预防作用。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清诱导型一氧化氮合酶和超氧化物歧化酶检测的临床意义

目的：探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒DNA（HBV‐DNA）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬酸氨基转移酶（AST）浓度与一氧化氮（NO）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平的相关性。方法选取轻度（24例）、中度（30例）、重度（18例）慢性乙型肝炎患者和健康体检者（30例）分别设为A、B、C、D组,运用实时荧光定量PCR技术和化学酶分析法检测血清HBV‐DNA、ALT、AST、NO、iNOS和SOD水平。结果D组与A、B、C组之间的ALT、AST、NO、iNOS和SOD水平存在显著性差异（P＜0．05）。ALT水平与NO、iNOS水平呈正相关（r分别为0．487、0．521,P＜0．05）,与SOD水平呈负相关（r＝－0．574,P＜0．05）。AST水平与NO、iNOS水平呈正相关（r分别为0．453、0．545,P＜0．05）,与SOD水平呈负相关（r＝－0．484,P＜0．05）。结论在慢性乙型肝炎患者中,随着ALT和AST水平升高,NO和iNOS水平也升高,SOD水平下降,表明与肝细胞受损有关。