基层水利机构改革的实践状态与取向——以湖北省H市C镇水管站“以钱养事”改革的调查为例

取消农业税后,基层水利机构的治理能力不断弱化,作为农业生产基础的水利设施面临着崩溃的危险,此时,"以钱养事"的市场化取向的机构改革开始跨入历史舞台。通过考察C镇水管站改革的生命历程可以看出,由于农田水利作为公共性、公益性较强的基础设施,单纯市场化取向的改革导致水利系统的断裂、水利设施的失修、村级组织的无为等问题,改制后的单位内部出现了单位性质不明、人员思想混乱、人才断层严重、市场主体未能培育等一系列问题。由此,基层水利机构改革不能单兵突进,需要根据区域差异采取因地制宜、分类改革的思路。     

插件技术支持下的森林资源管理系统研究

利用.Net Framework2.0框架和ArcGIS提供的方法和技术实现了基于插件技术的森林资源管理系统。在无需重编译系统的情况下,实现对插件的动态加载、移除等管理工作,为森林资源数据的共享提供了一种解决方案,对林业信息化系统的实现具有重要意义。     

Revisiting ecological integrity 30 years later: non‐native species and the misdiagnosis of freshwater ecosystem health

Assessing the ecological integrity of freshwater ecosystems has become a priority to protect the threatened biodiversity they hold and secure future accessibility to the services they provide. Some of the most widespread applications of biological indicators are fish‐based indices. These have mostly mirrored the approach proposed by Karr 30 years ago (Index of Biotic Integrity; IBI), based on the comparison of observed and expected composition and structure of local fish assemblages in the absence of major perturbations, using the so‐called reference condition approach. Despite the notable success of the implementation of fish‐based indices, most of them overlook non‐native species as a source of ecosystem degradation, and evaluations are focused on the physico‐chemical condition of freshwater ecosystems and their effects on freshwater biodiversity. Almost 90% of 83 reviewed IBIs did not consider non‐native species when defining reference conditions. Most IBIs used non‐native species in conjunction with native ones to construct the metrics that conform to the index. The response of the IBI to the effect of non‐native species has hardly ever been tested. When developing and evaluating IBIs, attention was mostly directed to ensuring the correct response of the index to physico‐chemical parameters, which could otherwise be characterized more effectively using alternative methods. Current application of IBIs entails a misuse of biological indicators by overlooking some types of degradation that cannot be otherwise evaluated by traditional methods. This constrains the capacity to adequately respond to one of the most challenging and common threats to the conservation of freshwater fish diversity.     

Developing a standard approach for assessing the hydromorphology of lakes in Europe

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Developing a standard approach for monitoring freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) populations in European rivers

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ABC of green infrastructure analysis and planning: The basic ideas and methodological guidance based on landscape ecological principle

Green infrastructure (GI) is a pivotal multifunctional approach for urban green spaces fragmentation problem. The green space fragmentation issue has increasingly caught worldwide researchers’ critical attention. However, researchers face challenges in understanding GI analysis and planning. Only limited research exists on GI analysis and planning case studies. Therefore, this study reviewed case studies on GI analysis and planning. The finding simplifies GI analysis and planning case studies methodology and critical points to get more worldwide researchers’ attention. The study applied a systematic literature review (SLR) on 34 qualified studies to determine the trends and similarities of GI case studies. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2009) was adopted for the study. The review found a sequential methodological pattern in GI analysis and planning study. The review themes were trend analysis, basic study information, study nature, geographic information system (GIS) software and plugin, remote sensing processing and data needed, and analysis and output. Thus, the study provides a basic methodology and framework for developing GI analysis and planning based on the landscape ecology principle.