锁骨旁脂肪瘤骨化误诊为骨软骨瘤1例

正患者,男,40岁,右锁骨区肿块20余年来院就诊。患者20多年前无意间触及右锁骨区有一蚕豆大小的肿块,质软,无明显疼痛,活动颈部亦无明显疼痛,无右上肢麻木不适,无头痛头晕,无胸闷气促,无畏寒发热,皮肤完整,未发现局部肿胀及溃疡,无明显疼痛不适。因未向皮肤表面凸起,故20年来未曾就诊,肿块缓慢增大,无其他明显不适,约桃核大小,     

锁骨钩钢板联合阔筋膜治疗陈旧性肩锁关节脱位的疗效及近期随访研究

目的 探讨锁骨钩钢板联合阔筋膜治疗陈旧性肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效.方法 选取2013年3月至2016年1月本院94例陈旧性肩锁关节脱位患者,根据治疗方案分组,各47例.对照组行单纯锁骨钩钢板固定,观察组在此基础上联合阔筋膜重建喙锁韧带.两组术后均随访6个月,对比手术前后肩关节功能评分并统计临床疗效.结果 术前两组患者肩关节功能评分比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);术后6个月,观察组肩关节功能评分显著高于对照组,且治疗优良率高于对照组(95.74％比82.98％),差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 给予陈旧性肩锁关节脱位锁骨钩钢板与阔筋膜联合治疗,有利于改善患者肩关节功能,临床效果显著.     

锁骨骨折治疗中应用超声引导下神经阻滞麻醉的可行性分析

目的:探讨超声引导下神经阻滞麻醉治疗锁骨骨折的可行性。方法:选取100例锁骨骨折患者,均为2018年10月-2019年10月期间骨外科收治,按照随机数字表法分为2组,对照组(n=50)为常规神经阻滞,观察组(n=50)为超声引导下神经阻滞,分析起效时间、完全阻滞时间、术后恢复时间、麻醉效果以及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组麻醉效果相较于对照组高,起效时间、完全阻滞时间、术后恢复时间以及不良反应发生率相较于对照组低,P<0.05。结论:锁骨骨折采用超声引导下神经阻滞麻醉治疗具有较高的安全性,且可取得较好的麻醉效果。     

尼斯结联合解剖锁定钢板治疗成人锁骨中段粉碎骨折疗效分析

目的探讨尼斯结联合解剖锁定钢板治疗成人粉碎锁骨中段骨折的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析我科于2014年1月至2017年2月采用尼斯结联合解剖锁定钢板治疗28例成人锁骨中段粉碎骨折临床资料,末次随访采用Constant-Murley评分及Lazzcano评定标准进行肩关节功能评价。 结果28例患者术后获6~16个月随访,平均（10.27±3.22）个月,手术时间55~90 min,平均（63.33±21.27）min,术中出血量40~100 ml,平均（62.67±19.07）ml。手术切口均一期愈合,无伤口感染、内固定相关的松动或断裂并发症发生,2例消瘦患者出现钢板刺激皮肤不适而行内固定取出。末次随访时肩关节Constant-Murley评分为80~100分,平均（90.00±5.98）分,Lazzcano评定标准进行疗效评价,其中优20例,良6例,中2例,优良率为92.86%。 结论尼斯结联合解剖锁定钢板治疗粉碎锁骨中段骨折可达到良好解剖复位、内固定稳定、愈合率高、并发症少,是治疗锁骨中段粉碎骨折的一种新选择。     

保守与手术治疗老年性锁骨中段移位骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较保守与手术治疗老年性锁骨中段移位骨折的临床疗效。方法 选取2013年1月~2018年12月我院收治老年性锁骨中段移位骨折患者72例,根据治疗方式不同分成保守组和手术组,各36例。保守组采用“8”字绷带或屈肘位予三角巾悬吊患侧胸前固定,手术组采用长锁定钢板桥接固定,比较两组治疗总有效率、并发症发生率及治疗前后肩关节功能评分。结果 手术组治疗优良率为100.00%,高于保守组的69.44%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。手术组并发症总发生率为8.33%,低于保守组的30.56%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗前及治疗后6个月两组肩关节功能评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗后1、3个月,手术组肩关节功能评分高于保守组[（71.53±6.38）分vs（59.65±3.71）分]、[（87.64±3.36）分vs（75.22±7.23）分],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。手术组骨折愈合时间为（8.16±2.38）周,优于保守组的（10.69±3.56）周。结论 长锁定接骨板桥接固定治疗老年锁骨中段移位骨折,可提供牢靠的固定,减少并发症及促进肩关节功能恢复,是一种理想的治疗方案。     

锁骨上神经在锁骨上区域分布的解剖观察

目的 探讨锁骨上神经在锁骨上区域的分布规律,为临床手术提供参考。方法 前瞻性研究。纳入2017年9 月—2018 年12月保定市第一中心医院西院骨五科在骨折复位内固定手术中同时完成锁骨上神经解剖的锁骨骨折患者30例(30侧),其中男16例、女14例,年龄18 ～ 46 岁。30 例手术均取锁骨上切口,术中仔细分离出锁骨上神经各个分支,统计每例的神经分支数目,并了解其在锁骨上区域的走行及分布关系。以锁骨两端中点连线为锁骨横轴,在C形臂X线机透视下,术中用克氏针标记锁骨上神经各分支横跨锁骨上缘处;将锁骨横轴全长视为单位“1”,以锁骨横轴内侧端为 “0”点、外侧端为 “1”点,在X线影像上测量锁骨上神经各分支标记点到“0”点的距离,进而比较分支数目不同时,其内、外分支分布具体位置的差异。结果 30例锁骨区域解剖显示,有 15例锁骨上神经拥有三支分支(内、中、外支),14例拥有两支分支(内、外支),1例拥有一支分支(中支)。利用相对测量方法测量出15例有三支分支患者解剖观察结果示外侧支出现于0.64±0.081、中间支出现于0.47±0.12、内侧支出现于0.27±0.08 ;14例有两支分支患者解剖观察结果示外侧支出现于0.61±0.07、内侧支出现于0.30±0.07;一支分支患者解剖观察结果示中间支出现于0.57。统计学分析显示,不同分支数目患者间内、外支神经分支分布区域差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05)。结论 锁骨上神经在锁骨上区域出现的部位具有一定规律,掌握这一规律可为术中避免损伤锁骨上神经及二期钢板取出提供一定的帮助。     

A diagnostic dilema in benign lytic lesions of clavicle - our experience of 37 patients

IntroductionThe studies on benign lytic lesion of clavicle are sparse. Asymptomatic nature of lesions, rare occurrence, the difficulty in interpretation of the X-rays because of the surrounding structures and striking similarities in various lesions further make the diagnosis of such atraumatic lytic lesions difficult.Material and methodsPrompted by the rarity of lesion and scarcity of data regarding presentation and management, we performed a prospective study of benign lytic lesions of clavicle. The results of the lesions are categorised in infective, metabolic and neoplastic conditions.ResultsInfective lesions were most common cause of symptomatic painful benign lytic lesions. Metabolic lesions, like rickets, were the most common cause of painless swelling in clavicle. Neoplastic conditions although rare were an important differential.ConclusionIt is important to differentiate and diagnose lytic lesions of clavicle. Early MRI and Biopsy of the lesion helps in preventing an undue delay in diagnosis. Most lesions when diagnosed in time have excellent results.     

The comminuted midshaft clavicle fracture: a biomechanical evaluation of plating methods

Background

The optimal plate location and fixation method for midshaft fractures of the clavicle remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to develop a realistic biomechanical model with which to compare superior with inferior-medial plate placement, and the failure resistance of locked and against non-locked constructs.

Methods

We estimated implant loads for operated patients in early rehabilitation utilising 3-D mathematical model of the shoulder. During simulation of upper limb motion associated with eating, the fracture opened in an inferior and frontal direction. The peak X, Y, and Z loads from the simulation were reproduced using a materials testing machine. A one centimetre transverse osteectomy was created at the midshaft of forty composite clavicles. Each specimen was then fixed with either (1) non-locked superior plating (n = 10), (2) locked superior plating (n = 10), (3) non-locked inferior-medial plating (n = 10), or (4) locked inferior-medial plating (n = 10). Specimens were loaded at 20 N/s in four-point bending for 50 cycles to the peak X, Y, Z moment obtained from the computational model (− 3.50, 2.46, and − 1.00 Nm), then loaded to failure at 20 N/s.

Findings

Inferior-medial unlocked plates were significantly stiffer than superior locked plates (P = 0.046).

Interpretation

Operative fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures is controversial, though becoming more widely accepted. Few biomechanical data are available to assist surgical decision-making. Inferior plates may be better equipped to resist the in vivo loads experienced by the clavicle during early rehabilitation after internal fixation, particularly during the shoulder flexion motions associated with eating.