关于我国新一轮环保科技体制改革的若干思考

作为科技体制的部门延伸,环保科技体制是促进环保科技发展、应对我国严峻环境问题的重要条件和保障。本文通过问卷调查,剖析了我国当前环保科技体制存在的主要问题及产生原因,并为新一轮环保科技体制改革的启动提供了相应的政策建议。     

浙西南环敕木山带畲族妇女“雄冠式”头冠解析

浙西南的环敕木山一带，是畲族迁徙到浙江省境内最早的聚居地，这里的畲族妇女传统“雄冠式”头冠，极具民族特色，整体造型呈三角形，用木、布、银等装饰材料，表现出凤凰吟啭的形态，造型精美，色彩斑斓，蕴含着对祖先图腾的崇敬。通过具体描述其头冠的制作、佩戴方法以及佩戴习俗，力求完整地再现浙西南的环敕木山一带畲族妇女“雄冠式”头冠所承载的畲族文化。     

地理国情普查地表覆盖内业解译的质量问题研究

地表覆盖内业解译是地理国情普查的一道重要工序。地理国情地表覆盖内业解译现存图斑平面位置精度不足、分类错误多种多样等普遍问题,问题突出典型。文中针对这些问题图文并茂、清晰明了的进行了说明,并从多方面分析问题产生的原因,提出加强对技术指标和采集原则的学习和理解,加强内业与外业的结合,充分发挥解译样本的作用等建议,以有效提高内业解译的质量。     

高校新会计制度下的财务软件应用问题探讨

针对财政部于2014年1月1日颁布并实施的新修订的《高等学校会计制度》,分析了新旧制度在财务软件应用上的变化,理清解决思路;以神州浩天财务软件4.5版为例,探索适应新高校会计制度的具体操作方案。     

非经典阻尼隔震结构近似实空间解耦分析

提出了可应用于中低层和多高层隔震结构的近似实空间解耦方法.利用强迫解耦法、Kelly法和近似实空间解耦法对具有非经典阻尼特性的隔震结构进行了对比分析,并将结构位移响应用具有明确物理与工程意义的系列二阶标准振子位移响应与速度响应线性组合来表示.通过理论分析和算例求解可知:近似实空间解耦法具有很强的优越性和很高的计算精度,结构隔震层和顶层的位移响应最大误差仅为0.361%和1.444%,可推广应用于隔震结构的动力响应分析.     

唐代试律诗诗题用典与唐代祥瑞尚奇文化

唐代试律诗诗题对有关祥瑞及灵异之类典故的大量选用,不但体现了唐代统治者借祥瑞文化维护自身统治的治国策略,也表明了尚奇之风在唐代的盛行。     

太阳系外行星的探测——2019年诺贝尔物理学奖成果简析

 James Peebles、Michel Mayor和Didier Queloz 3位科学家分享了2019年诺贝尔物理学奖，以表彰他们对宇宙学和系外行星的发现做出的贡献。介绍了Mayor和Queloz两位诺贝尔物理学奖获得者的学术经历，简述了系外行星领域的发展及现状，解读了太阳系外行星首次发现的科学意义，论述了视向速度法探测系外行星的原理和发展过程，介绍了该领域在中国的研究进展，并对未来进行了展望。     

本科教学中逻辑性课程《纳米材料》的主线设计探索

《纳米材料》课程主要讲解纳米材料的结构与性能之间关系的概念与理论,这种定位决定了纳米材料课应采用逻辑教学法.在这种方法下需找到课程逻辑起点,然后沿着起点设计出一条课程主线,建立课程理论体系,从而合理承接培养方案中的课程群.在《纳米材料》中,纳米结构就是逻辑起点,主线就是"结构与性能"的关系.故该门课程应按"结构和性能"这条主线展开.对现行纳米材料课程内容进行分析,大部分内容均可用主线串联起来.该方法为类似的逻辑性课程教学方法改革以及在课程章节内容之间建立逻辑关联提供借鉴.     

The material theory of induction and the epistemology of thought experiments

John D. Norton is responsible for a number of influential views in contemporary philosophy of science. This paper will discuss two of them. The material theory of induction claims that inductive arguments are ultimately justified by their material features, not their formal features. Thus, while a deductive argument can be valid irrespective of the content of the propositions that make up the argument, an inductive argument about, say, apples, will be justified (or not) depending on facts about apples. The argument view of thought experiments claims that thought experiments are arguments, and that they function epistemically however arguments do. These two views have generated a great deal of discussion, although there hasn't been much written about their combination. I argue that despite some interesting harmonies, there is a serious tension between them. I consider several options for easing this tension, before suggesting a set of changes to the argument view that I take to be consistent with Norton's fundamental philosophical commitments, and which retain what seems intuitively correct about the argument view. These changes require that we move away from a unitary epistemology of thought experiments and towards a more pluralist position.     

Edward Gresham’s Astrostereon,or A Discourse of the Falling of the Planet (1603), the Copernican paradox,and the construction of early modern proto-scientific discourse

This paper investigates the functioning of the ‘Copernican paradox’ (stating that the Sun stands still and the Earth revolves around the Sun) in the late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century England, with particular attention to Edward Gresham's (1565–1613) little-known and hitherto understudied astronomical treatise – Astrostereon, or A Discourse of the Falling of the Planet (1603). The text, which is fully appreciative of the heliocentric system, is analysed within a broader context of the ongoing struggles with the Copernican theory at the turn of the seventeenth century. The article finds that apart from having a purely rhetorical function, the ‘Copernican paradox’ featured in the epistemological debates on how early modern scientific knowledge should be constructed and popularised. The introduction of new scientific claims to sceptical audiences had to be done both through mathematical demonstrations and by referring to the familiar concepts and tools drawn from the inventory of humanist education. As this article shows, Gresham's rhetorical techniques used for the rejection of paradoxicality of heliocentrism are similar to some of the practices which Thomas Digges and William Gilbert employed in order to defend their own findings and assertions.