二维全息光子晶体禁带展宽方法

讨论了二维复周期全息光子晶体禁带展宽的方法,二维复周期全息光子晶体可以使禁带成倍展宽.此外发现二维全息光子晶体中,除原来预期的禁带外,还出现了附加的禁带.当记录光波的入射角小于某个临界值,并且满足一定数值时,附加的禁带会使二维禁带进一步展宽;而当入射角超过临界值时,禁带会消失,这时禁带反而会变窄.这一现象对制作二维宽带隙光子晶体具有指导意义.     

激光全息军用关键部件三维变形及应力测试

三维形变和三维应力测量一直是结构工程领域的重要研究课题。本文基于数字全息原理,设计了数字全息记录测试装置,实现了三维物体变形的测量;基于四个干涉图法和Matlab软件编程,提出并实现了数字相移,省去了压电位移器、位相控制器等硬件,简化了装置;基于数字全息测得的变形量与有限元理论,利用Ansys软件编程,获得变形物体的三维应力的大小及分布,从而实现了数字全息三维应力测试。大量实验表明,此方法实验装置简单、测量精度高,变形测量可容易达到1/10波长,应力测量精度可达到1.535×10^5Pa。     

数字全息图再现的有关参数选取

数字全息的再现过程是以数字的形式在计算机中完成的,对全息图有关参数的选取影响着数字全息再现像的结果。基于菲涅耳衍射理论和数字全息再现的原理,通过编程进行仿真实验,深入探讨了再现光波长、全息图像素元大小和再现距离等3个主要参数对再现像的影响。仿真实验结果表明,只要这些参数的取值处在合适的范围内,即可得到满足一定要求的清晰再现像。     

基于干涉原理测量溶液浓度变化分布的实时系统仿真实现

实验利用数字全息干涉技术对电极反应过程中溶液浓度变化分布进行测量。运用基于直方图的自适应滤波方法和基于形态学滤波的固液界面提取方法,解决了每更换一次实验数据都要人工识别和更换滤波参数以及手动去除固侧干扰信息的难题,为实现从摄像机实时读取数据、实时处理、测量和观察提供了仿真依据。     

Planar diffracted-beam interferometry/holography

A method to interfere planar electron diffracted beams that have been created by a primary electron beam passing through a crystal specimen has been invented and referred to as planar diffracted-beam interferometry/holography (planar DBI/H). Planar DBI/H is able to measure the intensity and coherence properties of the diffracted electron beams. When the diffracted electron beams are energy filtered, planar DBI/H is also able to measure the intensity and coherence properties of the zero-loss electrons, phonon-loss electrons and plasmon-loss electrons. These coherence properties are useful to help our understanding of the Stobbs factor and the properties of advanced materials, necessary for our understanding of nanoscience and the development of nanotechnology.     

Recent Advances on High-Speed and Holographic Two-Photon Direct Laser Writing

Two-Photon Lithography, thanks to its very high sub-diffraction resolution, has become the lithographic technique par excellence in applications requiring small feature sizes and complex 3D pattering. Despite this, the fabrication times required for extended structures remain much longer than those of other competing techniques (UV mask lithography, nanoimprinting, etc.). Its low throughput prevents its wide adoption in industrial applications. To increase it, over the years different solutions have been proposed, although their usage is difficult to generalize and may be limited depending on the specific application. A promising strategy to further increase the throughput of Two-Photon Lithography, opening a concrete window for its adoption in industry, lies in its combination with holography approaches: in this way it is possible to generate dozens of foci from a single laser beam, thus parallelizing the fabrication of periodic structures, or to engineer the intensity distribution on the writing plane in a complex way, obtaining 3D microstructures with a single exposure. Here, the fundamental concepts behind high-speed Two-Photon Lithography and its combination with holography are discussed, and the literary production of recent years that exploits such techniques is reviewed, and contextualized according to the topic covered.     

Image reconstruction from in-line Fresnel holograms by using coherent background elimination

Image reconstruction from in-line Fresnel holograms by eliminating a coherent background is studied by computer simulation. The coherent background is calculated by averaging an intensity of a recorded hologram. The quality of the reconstructed image is measured by using a ratio of peak signal to noise. In comparison with the conventional reconstruction method, the results show that the background elimination can improve significantly the quality of the reconstructed images. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

基于声场空间变换方法的轿车加速行驶车外噪声预测

采用近场声全息和声场空间变换方法对轿车车外噪声进行了预测。阐述了声场空间变换的基本原理,构建了近场声全息测量系统,并对声全息测量系统的误差进行了校准。在试验工况为2档、55km/h匀速行驶条件下,在消声室内转鼓试验台上对轿车左右两侧近场声全息数据进行了测试。根据声场空间变换的基本理论,编制了声场空间变换的计算程序,对被试轿车左右两侧变换面的声场进行了重建。根据车外噪声测试标准GB1495—2002中的测量位置对车外噪声进行了预测,并与车外噪声试验结果进行了对比。对比结果表明:左右两侧误差均在1.0dB(A)以内,而相对误差均小于5%,满足工程精度要求。     

多束参考光大视角彩虹全息术

针对彩虹全息图观察视角狭小等问题,基于全息记录、再现的多重性原理,对多重视角再现作了详细的理论分析,提出了一种多束参考光的一步大视角彩虹全息方法.该方法能实现再现像的多次色序循环,从而使全息图再现像的观察范围成倍增加.经实验成功地拍摄了观察视角为50°的一步彩虹全息图,并且应用效果较好.