玻璃与金属封接过程中气孔率和玻璃飞溅

通过测量不同工艺条件下玻璃绝缘子中的气孔率和最大气泡直径,以及观察底盘表面的玻璃飞溅情况,研究了熔封气氛、熔封温度、熔封时间、氧化膜类型和厚度对玻璃绝缘子中气孔率和玻璃飞溅的影响.结果表明,玻璃绝缘子中气孔率与可伐合金底盘表面的飞溅程度有一定的关系.可伐合金表面Fe3O4氧化物与玻璃中SiO2发生化学反应是玻璃绝缘子中气泡的一个重要来源,也是引起玻璃飞溅的因素.熔封气氛和氧化膜厚度对气孔率和玻璃飞溅影响最大.推荐的工艺条件是在可伐合金表面生成厚度约1μm的FeO氧化膜,然后与玻坯在950～980℃工厂条件的气氛中熔封30～40 min.     

Influence of B,Al and Nb addition on the glass forming ability and stability of mechanically alloyed Zr-Ni amorphous alloys

We investigated the influence of minor additions of B,Al and Nb that have representative atomic sizes on the glass forming ability (GFA) and stability of Zr-Ni amorphous alloys during mechanical alloying. The results show that the minor addition of B,Al or Nb does not shorten the initial time of the full amorphization reaction or improve the glass forming ability of the Zr-Ni alloys at a low rotation speed. However,B addition can effectively improve the mechanical stability of the amorphous phase against me...     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_(65)Al_(7.5)Ni_(10)Cu_(12.5)Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a ...     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_（65）Al_（7.5）Ni_（10）Cu_（12.5）Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen.     

点支式玻璃建筑中铸铝支承件承载性能

为了研究点支式玻璃建筑中铸铝支承件的承载性能,对3种典型铸铝支承件进行了足尺模型试验研究。按照实际工程中支承件的形式与尺寸制造模具,采用ZL105-T1和ZL111-T6这种铝合金材料铸造成足尺模型试件,借助万能试验机对试件进行加载试验,得出了试件的屈服荷载与极限荷载。根据试件的实际几何尺寸与材料属性,建立有限元模型对试验过程进行数值模拟。有限元分析结果与试验数据吻合良好,验证了有限元模型的可靠性。试验研究与有限元分析表明铸铝支承件的承载力较高,可以在实际工程中应用。     

深基坑出碴方案比选

深基坑出碴在一些情况下会成为制约工期的关键因素,尤其是复杂地形条件下,在首先满足工期的前提下,还要综合考虑现有机械情况、技术条件和经济效益以及其他作业干扰,这使得深基坑出碴变得更加复杂。文章通过准朔铁路黄河特大桥工程特点,对几种深基坑出碴方案进行了分析对比,综合考虑后选择了履带吊出碴方案。     

Effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability and soft-magnetic properties of FeNiBPNb metallic glasses

The effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA) and soft-magnetic properties of an (Fe1-xNix)75.5B14.5P7Nb3 (x=0-0.6) alloy system were investigated. We found that the addition of Ni was effective in allowing the alloy to approach a eutectic point as well as increasing the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid. By increasing the amount of Ni,the supercooled liquid region (ΔTx),the reduced glass transition temperature Trg (Tg/Tl) and the Y parameter [Tx/(Tg+Tl)] increased from 49 to 75 K,0...     

Magnetocaloric effect in Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses

A series of Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been prepared by the copper mold casting method. The glass forming ability and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for these alloys have been investigated. The second-order magnetic transition from para-magnetic to ferromagnetic states takes place at about 9 K. These BMGs exhibit excellent MCE because of their large effective magneton number; Er56Al24Co20 BMG has a maximum entropy change and refrigeration capacity of 16.06 J kg-1 K-1 and 546 J kg-1,respectively...     

准晶：奇特而又平凡的晶体—— 2011年诺贝尔化学奖简介

准晶是具有长程准周期性平移序和非晶体学旋转对称的固态有序相。它的出现导致了晶体学与凝聚态物质结构理论的一次革命，极大推动了相关学科的完善和发展。其发现者Daniel Shechtman因此获得2011年度诺贝尔化学奖。本文简介了准晶的发现、结构特征和发展现状，同时介绍了中国科学家在这一领域的独特贡献。     

微磨具磨削钠钙玻璃的磨损机理实验研究

建立了微磨削过程中单颗磨粒的磨损数学模型,通过观测微磨具磨削前后直径变化、表面形貌变化及加工前后试件的表面质量,分析了微磨削过程中不同阶段磨粒的磨损情况.利用粒度500~#微磨具对钠钙玻璃进行单因素磨损实验,研究不同的磨削影响因素对微磨具磨损的影响规律.实验结果表明:随着磨削速度和进给速度增大,磨粒的磨损和破碎现象加剧;随着去除材料体积的增加,微磨具直径先是急剧减小,而后呈线性减小趋势;加工表面的粗糙度随着去除工件体积的增加总体呈下降趋势.研究结果为提高微磨具的使用寿命和加工性能提供了理论参考和实验依据.