细粒泥沙颗粒分析中的反絮凝技术

本文分析了导致细粒泥沙水中絮凝的因素,探讨了絮凝和分散的机理,给出了一个反絮凝的物理模型.在大量科学实验基础上,文章提出了一整套包括化学分散和物理分散方法的反絮凝技术,补充和纠正了现行细粒泥沙颗分方法的不足.本文的反絮凝技术已为许多工程部门完成了总数以万计的沙样颗分,其有效性经受了充分考验.     

苏州河水质模型的研究

本文在分析了苏州河水污染特点后,提出二种适合于潮汐河流的水质模型.该模型由DO-CBOD-NBOD等成分组成,并考虑到平流输运、物质分散、碳化耗氧、硝化耗氧、吸附沉降、大气复氧和底质耗氧等几项作用.并用河流实测资料率定各项参数,从而建立各参数的计算公式.经模型验证,本模型基本上满足了水质规划的需要,唯有些问题尚须作深入的研究.     

天然河流的纵向离散系数

本文讨论了纵向离散系数的基本概念，提出纵向离散系数应区分为渐近值、恒定值和瞬时值。对 Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ积分公式的应用条件作了分析，并作了改进，提出非顺直河道和有降解条件下的近似积分公式。     

部分水解聚丙烯酰胺/柠檬酸铝胶态分散体系在多孔介质中的渗流特征

利用胶结砂和填充砂2种多孔介质物理模型,通过岩心流动试验的方法评价了部分水解聚丙烯酰胺/柠檬酸铝胶态分散体系(HACDS)在多孔介质中的流动性能.试验表明:随多孔介质中HACDS注入量的增加,水驱压力波浪式升高;HACDS的残余阻力系数随流速的增加而减小;HACDS的残余阻力系数远大于同浓度的HPAM溶液的残余阻力系数;成胶后的HACDS较未成胶的HACDS具有更好的封堵效果;HACDS具有选择性封堵作用;HACDS的突破压力梯度随流速的增加而增大,而且重复注入后,突破压力梯度大幅提高,是一种较好的调剖材料.     

Adsorption of polyelectrolyte on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles and the stability of colloidal dispersions

How to prevent flocculation is a universal problem in synthesis and application of nanoparticles. Because of high surface activity, nanoparticles tend to form large di-mension of aggregates with some loose contact interface. When solid particles are suspended in polyelectrolyte so-lution, polymer chains are adsorbed on the surface of par-ticles and they render to stabilize the corresponding parti-cles. The stabilizing property of polyelectrolytes is the reason for wide application in many fiel…     

多壁碳纳米管在低密度聚乙烯基体中的分散性

研究了以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)为基体、以多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)为增强体的复合材料的制备方法,利用SEM、电子拉力机和电阻计对碳纳米管在基体中的分散性、材料的力学性能和电学性能进行了表征。此材料的渗流阈值在10wt%~15wt%之间,其电阻率下降。复合材料的拉伸模量随纳米碳管含量的增加而提高。     

Time-frequency analysis of SH waves in an isotropic plate bordered with one elastic solid layer

Acoustic sensing utilizing shear-horizontal acoustic plate mode (SHAPM) has attracted much interest in recent years[1―3] due to the fact that the absence of the component of the displacement normal to the surface allows each SH mode to propagate in the p…     

Theoretical model of particle orientation distribution function in a cylindrical particle suspension subject to turbulent shear flow

The equation for the orientation probability function of slender cylindrical particles suspended in planar turbulent flows was investigated. After ensemble averaging, the equations for the mean and fluctuating probability function were derived. The equation for the fluctuating probability function appearing in the equation of mean probability function was solved by using the method of characteristics analysis. The orientational dispersion terms due to the random motion of cylindrical particles in the equation of mean probability function are related to the mean probability function and the Lagrangian fluid velocity correlations. The evolution of the mean probability function was described by a modified orientation?space?convection equation, where the dispersion terms account for the randomizing effect of the turbulence.     

硅酸钠和PAM对纳米SiO_2分散性能的影响

选择九水合硅酸钠和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作为分散剂,通过激光粒度分析仪对纳米颗粒的分散稳定性进行评价,红外光谱仪对分散剂在颗粒表面的吸附状态进行识别.发现九水合硅酸钠和聚丙烯酰胺结合起来使用可以发挥协同效应,从而显著改善纳米SiO2颗粒在水溶液中的分散稳定性,而且当九水合硅酸钠和聚丙烯酰胺这两种分散剂的添加量相同时,先添加九水合硅酸钠后添加聚丙烯酰胺,与先添加聚丙烯酰胺后添加九水合硅酸钠相比,纳米颗粒的分散稳定性有所提高.