基于改进C-V模型乳腺癌MR图像分割

在乳腺癌MR图像分割中,传统C-V模型没有充分利用图像边界曲率信息,需要重新初始化水平集函数使其保持为一个符号距离函数(SDF),导致图像分割比较慢,同时目标区域易产生过度分割.为此,通过在传统的C-V模型中引入惩罚能量项和全局边界曲率能量项,提出一种改进的C-V模型图像分割方法,克服了水平集函数需要重新初始化和目标区域易产生过度分割等问题.实验表明,改进的C-V模型对乳腺癌MR图像具有较好的分割效果,分割收敛速度较快.     

重组质粒pEgr-1-TRAIL辐射诱导乳腺癌细胞效应的实验研究

目的将具有辐射诱导表达特性的重组质粒p Egr-1-TRAIL转入乳腺癌MCF-7细胞中,诱导肿瘤杀伤基因TRAIL的表达,实现辐射和基因对MCF-7细胞的双重杀伤效应.方法用ELISA法检测不同剂量X射线诱导TRAIL表达的量效关系及2 Gy X射线照射后不同时间TRAIL的表达;用流式细胞仪检测不同处理组MCF-7细胞早期凋亡情况.结果不同剂量X射线照射转染p Egr-1-TRAIL重组质粒的乳腺癌细胞MCF-7,TRAIL表达量明显高于假照组(P0.001~0.05),其中5 Gy X射线照后表达量最高,TRAIL表达量为假照组的5.1倍.2 Gy X射线照射后4 h,TRAIL表达量明显升高(P0.05),并随时间延长逐渐增加,照射后32 h达峰值,表达量为照射前的4.6倍.MCF-7-p Egr-1-TRAIL/0 Gy组早期凋亡细胞百分数较MCF-7/0 Gy和MCF-7-p3.1Egr/0 Gy组明显增加(P0.01),随着照射剂量的增加,MCF-7-p Egr-1-TRAIL/5 Gy组细胞早期凋亡率与其他处理组比较均存在统计学意义(P0.001~0.05),MCF-7/0 Gy组细胞生长最快,而MCF-7-p Egr-1-TRAIL/8 Gy组细胞生长最慢.结论乳腺癌细胞转染p Egr-1-TRAIL重组表达质粒联合X射线照射能够增加MCF-7细胞凋亡,抑制其生长.     

近红外光学乳腺检测频域方法的研究

基于近红外光学频域测量的基本原理,提出了近红外光学频域乳腺检测系统模型.在频域测量方法中,对光源进行强度调制,在乳腺组织中形成漫射光子密度波,在组织周围检测漫射光子密度波的幅度和相位,求出组织的吸收系数和约化散射系数,并对此进行了计算机仿真分析.结果表明:在乳腺组织厚度5cm左右处,组织的光学参数能得到较好的检测.     

康艾注射液辅助乳腺癌患者术后化疗

目的探讨康艾注射液能否减轻乳腺癌患者术后化疗的毒副反应。方法随机设计两组乳腺癌术后患者作为研究对象,治疗组(n=47)采用康艾注射液40~60 mL加入5%葡萄糖或0.9%生理盐水250~500 mL稀释后静脉点滴,1次/d,30 d为1个疗程,同时合并全身化疗(AC方案),对照组(n=46)单用化疗。毒副反应按WHO标准评价。结果治疗组比对照组在血液学毒性方面明显下降(P<0.01)。结论康艾注射液可减少乳腺癌患者术后化疗的毒副反应,提高患者的生活质量。     

Construction of heteroduplex DNA and<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis> model for functional analysis of mismatch repair

Functional deficiency of mismatch repair (MMR) system is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis. With the development of the investigation and the requirement from the clinical diagnosis and treatment it is necessary to build up a method to evaluate the functional status of the whole MMR system in the concerned tumors. The original ssDNA and dsDNA from wild type (wt) bacteriophage M13mp2 and its three derivates with mutation points in the lacZα gene have been used to construct two kinds of hetero-duplex DNA molecules. One named del(2) has two bases deleted in the negative strand, the other has a G·G mismatch base pair in the negative strand too. Introducing this heteroduplex DNA into E. coli NR9162 (mutS-) without the MMR ability on the indicator plate with x-gal and IPTG, there are three kinds of plaques, mixture plaque as the characteristic phenotype of heteroduplex DNA, blue and clear plaques. If the cell extract is mismatch repair competent the percentage of the mixture plaque will decrease after incubation with these heteroduplex DNA, the repair efficiency is expressed in percentage as 100× (1 minus the ratio of percentages of mixture plaque obtained from the extract-treated sample and untreated samples), which can imply the functional status of MMR system of certain samples. After large T-antigen-dependent SV-40 DNA replication assay cell extract from TK6, a human lymphoblastoid B-cell lymphoma cell line with MMR ability, and Lovo, a human colonic carcinoma cell line with MMR deficiency have incubated with these heteroduplex DNA. The repair efficiency of TK6 to del(2) is more than 60%, to G-G is more than 50%. The Lovo efficiency to del(2) is less than 10%, to G-G is less than 20%. Therefore, in this in vitro model used for functional analysis of mismatch repair of heteroduplex DNA as the repair target, TK6 can serve as the control for MMR proficiency and Lovo as the control for MMR deficiency. Using this model the tumor tissue from a case of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (microsatellite instability high, MSI-H) was measured and lack of MMR ability was shown. And a case of sporadic rectal cancer (SRC) (microsatellite stability, MSS) maintains MMR proficiency. The results indicate that the model is sensitive and dependable. It could be used to measure the func- tion status of MMR system in tumor cell and/or tissues. This is a reliable method to investigate the mechanic of tumori-genesis. It is meaningful in the observation of the role of MMR in the initiation and progression of concerned tumors.     

噬菌体显示抗乳腺癌单链抗体的基因克隆和筛选

克隆和连接乳腺癌杂交瘤单克隆抗体的轻、重链可变区基因，构建该单链抗体的噬菌体显示系统，经严格的相关肿瘤细胞株的固相细胞正负筛选和多步液相结合-洗脱细胞筛选，得到特异性高、亲和力强的单链抗体基因，用于进一步构建重组免疫毒素，为临床乳腺癌和生物靶向治疗奠定基础.     

吲哚美辛对人喉癌Hep-2细胞系的抑制作用

目的：评价吲哚美辛对人喉癌Hep-2细胞系的抑制作用。方法：应用不同剂量的吲哚美辛作用于人喉癌细胞系Hep-2后，进行细胞形态观察，并用台盼蓝染色法检测细胞生长情况和流式细胞仪分析细胞DNA含量。结果：Hep-2细胞系在吲哚美辛作用下，细胞生长形态改变，细胞活力降低，流式细胞仪分析形成明显的亚二倍体峰，并与药物剂量及作用时间有依赖关系，电镜下见凋亡细胞。结论：吲哚美辛能抑制人喉癌细胞系Hep-2的生长，诱导细胞凋亡。     

针吸细胞学检查在乳腺癌诊断中的意义

目的：观察乳腺肿物针吸细胞学诊断与组织病理学检查的符合率。方法：对166例乳腺肿物吸出组织，经巴氏（Papanicolaou)染色，参照分级标准及良、恶性肿瘤组织细胞的形态进行了显微镜下早期诊断。结果：166例针吸细胞学诊断与组织病理检查诊断符合率为89.76%、灵敏度84．81％、特异度94．25％。其中良性肿瘤69例，假阴性12例（12．77％）；乳腺癌和高度怀疑有癌特征的97例，假阳性5例（6.94%)。结论：乳腺针吸细胞学检查在乳腺肿物的临床诊断中具有准确、可靠、安全、经济等重点意义，可以作为乳腺癌诊断的重要手段。     

用酶谱电泳技术检测乳腺癌患者尿液基质金属蛋白酶

应用以明胶为底物的SDS 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对 4 8例乳腺癌术后患者尿液进行酶谱分析 ,探讨对乳腺癌术后患者行尿液MMPs检测的临床意义 .结果显示乳腺癌患者尿中可检测到 3种分子量分别为 130kD、92kD、72kD的MMPs .乳腺癌术后复发转移组尿中 130kD、92kD、72kD的MMPs检出率分别为 80 .8%、84 .6 %及 6 9.2 % ,而术后无转移组的 3种MMPs检出率分别为 2 7.3%、31.8%及 2 2 .7% ,正常对照组的检出率分别为 13.3%、2 0 .0 %及10 .0 % ,乳腺癌术后复发转移组尿液MMPs检出率明显高于术后无转移组 ,P <0 .0 1.而乳腺癌术后无转移组尿MMPs的检出率与正常对照组无显著性差异 .上述结果提示用酶谱电泳技术检测乳腺癌患者尿液MMPs可用于乳腺癌术后复发转移的监测     

氨基化溶胶-凝胶免疫电极检测乳腺癌抗原

利用氨基化溶胶一凝胶(sol-gel)的材料优势，结合交联固定技术，实现了乳腺癌抗体在电极表面的固定化，研制成用于检测乳腺癌抗原的非标记型Sol-gel/GA/抗体膜免疫电极。用红外光谱法和循环伏安法对电极的修饰过程进行表征。该法更好地保持了被固定抗体的活性，增强了免疫电极的稳定性，可用于生物环境中乳腺癌抗原的检测。