新型饮水对小鼠繁殖及抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的　探讨新型饮水对健康的影响及其保健作用。方法　将矿溶生态水、活化水、纯净水、矿泉水、碱性离子水等 5种新型饮水作为唯一水源分别喂饲亲代及子代小鼠 3个月 ,对照给予天然水。观察它们对小鼠体重、繁殖及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果　与天然水比较 ,活化水、矿溶生态水促进亲代雄性小鼠体重增长 (P <0 0 5) ;矿溶生态水使子代小鼠、矿泉水和碱性离子水使子代雄性小鼠体重增长缓慢 (P <0 0 5) ;纯净水使新生仔鼠体重减轻 (P <0 0 5) ,活化水、矿溶生态水使小鼠窝产仔数增多 (P <0 0 5) ,5种水对小鼠受孕率、妊娠率、出生存活率无影响 ;矿溶生态水、活化水、纯净水、矿泉水使小鼠肝组织SOD活力升高 (P <0 0 5) ,碱性离子水使肝组织SOD活力降低 (P <0 0 5)。结论　 5种新型饮水对小鼠体重有影响 ,对受孕率、妊娠率、出生存活率无影响 ;矿溶生态水、活化水、纯净水、矿泉水有提高SOD活力作用     

复方卡托普利片中氢氯噻嗪的含量及均匀度测定

用紫外分光度法直接溯定复方卡托普利片中氢氯噻嗪的含量及均匀度。测定波长为272±1nm,平均回收率100.2%,变异系数0.3%,吸收度与氢氯噻嗪的浓度在1～10μg/ml 范围内具有线性关系。     

髂股静脉血栓形成血浆降钙素基因相关肽测定的临床意义

目的　探讨降钙素基因相关肽对髂股静脉血栓形成的影响。方法　回顾性分析 5 0例髂股静脉血栓形成患者降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的水平 ,以及对比研究联合应用尿激酶和复方丹参注射液治疗前后CGRP的变化。结果　急性髂股静脉血栓形成患者均存在高水平的CGRP ,与对照组比较具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗后 6h血浆CGRP水平明显升高 ,3d达到最高峰 ,15d接近正常水平。结论　CGRP可以作为髂股静脉血栓形成的诊断指标之一 ,联合应用尿激酶和复方丹参注射液对髂股静脉血栓形成有较好的疗效。     

新形势下中学与大学学生党建衔接工作的思考

在青年学生中吸收优秀分子已成为高校党组织发展工作的重要组成部分,最近几年来,高中党建工作也不断发展。了解青年学生党建现状,更好地利用中学党建工作成果,提出了做好衔接工作的现实意义及对策措施。     

Dosage guidelines for the use of vancomycin based on its pharmacokinetics in infants

Summary The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin and to develop optimal dosage guidelines in infants. Thirteen infants between the ages of 13 to 183 days were enrolled. All had been born prematurely, and average gestational age, postconceptional age, and actual body weight were 29.8 weeks, 38.2 weeks, and 2.1 kg respectively. Multiple blood samples were obtained from each patient after 72 h of therapy. Serum inhibitory and bactericidal titres were determined for peak and trough samples.There were good correlations between total body clearance of vancomycin and both postconceptional age (r=0.86) and actual body weight (r=0.87). This information was used to develop vancomycin dosage guidelines in premature infants. The regression line for vancomycin daily dosage requirements vs postconceptional age may be useful for determining initial dosage recommendations.There were also good correlations between vancomycin serum concentrations and serum inhibitory and cidal titres. Peak and trough concentrations in the therapeutic range (peak, 25–35 µg/ml; trough, 5–10 µg/ml) corresponded to titres of 1:8 and 1:2 to 1:8 respectively.Based on these data we suggest the following dosage guidelines for vancomycin: 10 mg/kg 12 hourly for 30–34 weeks postconceptional age and <1.2 kg actual body weight; 10 mg/kg 8 hourly for 30–42 weeks postconceptional age and >1.2 kg actual body weight; 10 mg/kg 6 hourly for >42 weeks postconceptional age and >2.0 kg actual body weight.Thus, doses which are lower than currently recommended are needed for infants born prematurely. Furthermore, the initial dose of vancomycin can easily be determined using an infant's postconceptional age.SML was a Fellow at Children's Hospital at the time of study and is now at Rutgers University, College of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA     

神农架“还阳”药调查初探

作者对湖北神农架地区民间流传的72“还阳”药深入调查,采集标本,总结报道了其功效、用法及种类,共有56种,属22科,其中有10种为新药物资源。药源极丰富,为开发利用提供了依据。     

奥地利维也纳医科大学医学考试形式介绍及启示

医学生需要具备不同层次的能力,所以需要不同的考试形式来衡量能力的高低。不同考试方法的选择对于反映所选课程的学习效果至关重要。本文主要介绍了维也纳医科大学的考试设计及其作用,以及对我国医学教育评估的启示。通过学习奥地利先进的教学评估理念和方法,可为我国医学教育评估方式改革、培养高素质医学人才提供借鉴。     

新时代加强高校师德师风建设的四重向度

师德师风是评价教师队伍素质的第一标准。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记对高校师德师风建设作出一系列重要指示,亲自部署谋划师德师风建设。当前,高校师德师风建设的整体态势是积极良好的,但仍面临协同管理机制有待进一步完善、教师育人意识有待进一步提高、师德培训成效有待进一步深化、评价考核体系有待进一步健全等问题。站在新的历史方位上,高校需着眼于新形势新情况,从构建师德师风建设运行体系、健全师德师风建设引领体系、健全师德师风建设考核体系、打造师德师风建设关怀体系等向度,进一步深化新时代师德师风建设,全面提升高校教师师德水平。     

The future of 5-HT1A receptor agonists. (arylpiperazine derivatives)

Mitsukuni Murasaki and Sadanori Miura: The Future of 5-HT_1A Receptor Agonists. (Aryl-Piperazine Derivatives) Prog. Neuro- Psychopharmacol-& Biol Psychiat, 1992, 16(6): 833–845.

1. 1. At present the dominant position among anti-anxiety medications has changed from meprobamate to the benzodiazepine derivatives.

2. 2. In order to avoid benzodiazepine's (BZ) undesirable side effects such as impairment of psycho-motor function, memory impairment, low dose dependence and withdrawal symptoms, a third generation anxiolytic agent, buspirone, the focus of the aryl-piperazine group of anti-anxiety agents, has been introduced recently.

3. 3. Aryl-piperazine derivatives work as 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonists and are known as serotonin normalizers.

4. 4. Therefore, they are expected to have not only an anxiolytic function but also an anti-depressant effect as well.

5. 5. A characteristic of the aryl-piperazine derivatives is that they have no sedative and muscle relaxant effects, and they do not have BZ's undesirable side-effects, especially in regard to withdrawal symptoms. However they have a rather weak anxiolytic action and a slow onset of action.

6. 6. Aryl-piperazine derivatives will not take the place of BZ, but the use of BZ and buspirone as bridge medications, making the most of the strong points of both, can be proposed as a way to compensate for their respective disadvantages.

Guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of furcation defects in mandibular molars

The present investigation was designed to evaluate the regenerative potential of the periodontal tissues in degree III furcation defects at mandibular molars using a treatment procedure based on the principle of guided tissue regeneration. The patient sample included 21 patients, 26-65 years of age, who presented periodontal lesions in the right and left molar regions including "through and through" furcation defects. After an initial examination, each patient was subjected to a series of full-mouth scaling and root planing. 2-3 months later, they were recalled for a baseline examination. The furcation-involved molars were randomly assigned in each patient to either a test or a control treatment procedure. The test procedure included the elevation of muco-periosteal flaps at the buccal and lingual aspects of the molars. Granulation tissue was removed and the exposed root surfaces were debrided and planed. The width and the height of the entrance openings to the furcation defects were assessed. A teflon membrane was adjusted to cover the entrances to the defects (buccal and lingual) and was retained in the manner described by Pontoriero et al. (1988). The flaps were repositioned on the outer surface of the membrane and secured by sutures which were removed after 10 days. Following surgery, the patients were instructed to rinse the mouth twice daily for 4 weeks with chlorhexidine gluconate. The membranes were removed after a healing period of 1-2 months. A surgical procedure identical to the test procedure was performed in the control tooth regions with the exception of the placement of membranes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)