Integrated analytical techniques with high sensitivity for studying brain translocation and potential impairment induced by intranasally instilled copper nanoparticles

Health impacts of inhalation exposure to engineered nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention. In this paper, integrated analytical techniques with high sensitivity were used to study the brain translocation and potential impairment induced by intranasally instilled copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Mice were exposed to CuNPs in three doses (1, 10, 40 mg/kg bw). The body weight of mice decreased significantly in the 10 and 40 mg/kg group (p < 0.05) but recovered slightly within exposure duration. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis showed that CuNPs could enter the brain. Altered distribution of some important metal elements was observed by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF). H&E staining and immunohistochemical analysis showed that CuNPs produced damages to nerve cells and astrocyte might be the one of the potential targets of CuNPs. The changes of neurotransmitter levels in different brain regions demonstrate that the dysfunction occurred in exposed groups. These data indicated that CuNPs could enter the brain after nasal inhalation and induced damages to the central nervous system (CNS). Integration of effective analytical techniques for systematic investigations is a promising direction to better understand the biological activities of nanomaterials.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱仪与国标法测水碘的方法比较

目的比较电感耦合等离子体质谱法与国标法的水碘检测结果。方法从方法的灵敏度,精密度和准确度等指标进行比较。结果电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水碘检出限0.2μg/L,加标回收率95.0%~102.0%,相对标准偏差2.0%,两种方法对实际样品的分析结果没有显著统计学意义。结论电感耦合等离子体质谱法操作简单、快速、准确,是一种检测水碘的较好方法。     

青霉素V钾胶囊微生物限度检查法的方法学研究

目的:建立青霉素V钾胶囊的微生物限度检查方法。方法:分别采用平皿法、培养基稀释法和薄膜过滤法(每膜100、300、500 ml+青霉素酶)对青霉素V钾胶囊进行微生物限度检查法的研究及控制菌的检查(每膜100、200 ml)。结果 :细菌检查采用薄膜过滤法(每膜500 ml、大于300万u青霉素酶),霉菌和酵母菌采用平皿法,控制菌采用薄膜过滤法(每膜200 ml)时,细菌、霉菌和酵母菌回收率均大于70%。结论:采用薄膜过滤法检查青霉素V钾胶囊中的细菌,平皿法检查霉菌及酵母菌,薄膜过滤法检查控制菌,结果可靠。     

ICP-MS法测定玄明粉中无机元素的含量

目的 测定矿物药玄明粉中无机元素的含量.方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定玄明粉中的无机元素,并建立其微量元素的指纹图谱.结果 测定了矿物药玄明粉中的20种元素,建立了玄明粉微量元素的指纹图谱.除了Na元素外,Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Zn、Sr等元素含量亦较高.另外,重金属及有害元素Pb、Cd、Cu、As亦有检出.结论 为矿物药玄明粉的安全性评价及其质量标准的制定提供了科学的参考依据.     

ICP-MS检测全血铅的研究进展

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)是可以同时检测包括血铅在内的多种微量元素的重要方法。本文就ICP-MS检测全血铅的样品处理、干扰及消除方法、定量方法几方面的研究成果进行简要综述。     

Cadmium, lead, and thallium in smoke particulate from counterfeit cigarettes compared to authentic US brands.

Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease in the United States. Exposure to tobacco smoke leads to cancer, heart and lung disease, and addiction. The origin of the tobacco and cigarette manufacturing practices of counterfeit cigarettes are unknown. Because toxic metals are incorporated into the tobacco lamina during cultivation, the ambient metal content of the soil could produce significant differences in metal levels in both the tobacco and smoke of counterfeit cigarettes. We compared mainstream smoke cadmium, thallium, and lead deliveries from counterfeit and authentic brands. Mainstream smoke levels of all three metals were far greater for counterfeit than the authentic brands, in some cases by an order of magnitude. Significant differences still existed even after normalizing mainstream smoke metal levels with nicotine delivery; the counterfeits typically delivered much higher levels of all three analytes. Our findings, based on 21 different counterfeit samples, suggest that counterfeit cigarettes potentially result in a markedly greater exposure to toxic heavy metals than authentic brands, even after correcting for differences in nicotine intake. In view of the unknown health risks associated with inhaling higher levels of toxic metals, it is prudent to minimize exposure to toxic substances whenever possible.     

ICP-MS测定13种糖尿病药膳常用中药中的微量元素

目的：从微量元素角度探讨川贝母Fritillaria cirrhosa等13种糖尿病药膳常用中药的铬(Cr),锰(Mn),铜(Cu),锌(Zn),硒(Se)和钒(V)6 种微量元素含量,为药膳或中药治疗糖尿病提供实验依据。方法：样品经微波消解,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)同时测定上述6种微量元素的含量。结果：在设定的测试条件下,标准曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数>0.999,加标回收率为88.72%～110.00%,相对标准偏差(RSD)≤6.98%。测定结果显示,被测的元素含量因不同药材而存在较大差异,各元素的变动范围Cr 0～11.82 μg·g^-1,Mn 4.36～564.30 μg·g^-1,Cu 0.55～13.34 μg·g^-1,Zn 3.19～86.23 μg·g^-1,Se 0～0.39 μg·g^-1,V 0.05～12.04 μg·g^-1。结论：被测元素含量与糖尿病药膳治疗功效之间具有一定关系。     

ICP-MS法测定莪术中微量元素的含量

目的建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定20个不同产地中药材莪术中Fe、Mn、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ba、Co、Ni、As、Hg、Pb、Cd等12种微量元素含量的方法。方法样品经微波消解,以Ge、In和Bi作为内标,补偿基体效应,采用ICP-SMS同时测定上述12种元素。结果对于所测元素,标准曲线的相关系数r>0.998 6,方法准确性实验的相对标准偏差RSD<7.7%。结论ICP-MS法可用于质量控制,并为不同产地的莪术中微量元素的含量测定提供了方法。     

ICP-MS和AAS法研究中药材中元素指纹特征

目的:用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法和原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定赤芍、白芍、大黄、河北苍术、内蒙古苍术、黄芩、丹参中各元素的含量,从而构建药材元素的指纹特征。方法:药材经10%硝酸浸提24h后,采用外标法,以ICP-MS测定中草药中常量、微量、痕量元素的含量。结论:在优化实验条件下,能够同时准确测定中草药中的47种元素,以建立这6种中草药的元素指纹特征。     

ICP-MS测定香芍软胶囊中砷汞铅镉铜的含量

目的:采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定香芍软胶囊(XSSC)囊心物中砷、汞、铅、镉、铜的含量。方法:样品经微波消解,以Re为内标,以茶叶、圆白菜标准物质为质控,采用ICP-MS测定上述5种元素。结果:对于所测5种元素,标准曲线的相关系数r(0.9996,回收率为95.8～101.6%,RSD(5.8%。结论:本测定方法快捷、准确、灵敏度高,适用于XSSC囊心物中上述5种元素的同时测定。