卵磷脂改善泥浆性能的研究

研究了卵磷脂改善泥浆性能的作用。通过在一定含水量的泥浆中，比较加入卵磷脂前与加入卵磷脂后的泥浆性能，以及比较加入不同系列型号的卵磷脂问的泥浆性能，得到卵磷脂对泥浆性能的影响，从而优化出改善泥料性能的卵磷脂的种类与用量。     

Estimation of Vehicle Speed Based on Wheel Speeds from ASR System in Four-Wheel Drive Vehicles

Three major methods currently in the use of determining vehicle speed based on wheel speeds,the minimum wheel speed,minimum wheel speed corrected by slope method and the Kalman filter method,are analyzed,with merits and defects of each approach stated. Through simulations,the Kalman filter method based on minimum wheel speed shows improved accuracy,in addition to better adaptivity to vehicle reference speed. It also can be used to acceleration ship regulation (ASR) in part-time four-wheel drive vehicles.     

Effect of twinning on flow stress during initial stage of hot compression of twin roll cast Mg-5.51Zn-0.49Zr alloy

A Thermecmastor-Z hot deformation simulator,optical microscopy,XRD and TEM were employed to characterize the flow stress behavior and microstructure of twin roll cast ZK60 magnesium alloy during initial stage of hot compression at elevated temperature of 300 ℃ and 400 ℃ and a given strain rate of 10-2s-1.The results suggest that flow stress drop during initial stage of hot compression at 300℃,generally led by dynamic recrystallization,is attributed to twinning,correspondingly to dynamic recrystallization as...     

Microstructure and texture evolution during warm compression of the magnesium alloy AZ31

The evolution of the microstructure and texture with strain during compression at 150℃ of the magnesium alloy AZ31 has been investigated using the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. The initial samples were chosen to have a strong basal plane texture with the crystal c-axes perpendicular to the compression direction. The EBSD data provide evidence concerning the relative activity of both {10-12} extension twinning and slip, and suggest that non-basal slip is important in samples deformed to a strain of more than 0.2. The relative contributions of the twinning and the slip during deformation have been discussed based on the results above.     

Numerical simulation of electroosmotic flow in hydrophobic microchannels

Electroosmotic flow (EOF) is a promising way for driving and mixing fluids in microfluidics. For the parallel-plate microchannel with the hydrophobic surface, this paper solved the governing equations using the finite element method (FEM), and the effects of microchannel height, electric strength and ionic concentration on EOF were thus investigated. The simulation indicates that the transient characteristics of EOF are similar in hydrophobic and hydrophilic microchannels, the steady time of EOF is proportional to the square of microchannel height, and the scale is microsecond. EOF velocity is proportional to the electric strength and independent of the channel height, and decreases slowly with the ionic concentration, which is lower than that in hydrophilic microchannel due to the presence of slip length in hydrophobic microchannel. The results can provide valuable insights into the optimal design of microchannel surfaces to achieve accurate EOF control in hydrophobic microchannel. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50730007)     

赤泥催化剂的制备及其对模拟烟气中微量氨的脱除性能

以赤泥固废为原料，采用酸解-碱沉淀法制备了赤泥粉体催化剂，并提出一种将催化剂直接喷入SNCR尾气中的除氨工艺，考察了催化剂加入点温度、空速、NH₃浓度及水蒸气对氨去除能力的影响。研究发现，该催化过程具有很高的活性和N₂的选择性，450℃以上NH₃的转化率可达100%，同时在400～500℃间，N₂的选择性高于80%，达到了很好的除氨效果；在500℃，空速为3×10⁶~6×10⁶ h^-1之间时，出口NH₃浓度均为0；此工艺对于逃逸NH₃浓度的适用性较强，入口[NH₃] = 50×10^-6~1000×10^-6 mol/L范围内均可完全脱除，且具有一定的抗水能力。通过一系列表征发现，该种方法制备的赤泥催化剂不仅消除了原始固废的强碱性，还提高了其表面酸性，具有较高的比表面积、孔容和丰富的表面微观结构，使NH₃的吸附及活化反应能力大大增加；该催化剂过程遵循iSCR机理，在400～500℃温度区间主要发生NH₃-SCO反应，低于400℃主要发生NH₃-SCR反应，粉体催化剂通过NH₃-SCR和NH₃-SCO协同反应达到了去除尾气中微量氨的目的。     

基于多源数据结构融合的车轮滑转率测量方法

滑转率是轮式车辆运动状态的重要参数,该值过大严重影响牵引效率、油量消耗以及行驶安全;实时精准检测车轮瞬时滑转率是车辆优化控制的关键技术;当车辆在被各种土质或植被覆盖的田地里或复杂地形的环境中低速作业时,传统方法难以精准测量该动态参数;文中采用新测量方法:采集卫星导航、微惯导和轮速等多源信息;依据检测点的空间结构关系,建立多源数据结构融合算法(multi-source data structured fusion,MDSF);实时测量各车轮的瞬时滑转率;模拟仿真与实测试验的结果表明:(1)轮向速度相对误差2.43％,轮转速相对误差0.54％,使滑转率误差小于3.00％;(2)实测数据准确反映车辆运动中的动力学关系,实时体现左右车轮各自的动态特性.     

带肋钢筋与灌浆料黏结性能试验

为灌浆料在预制装配式结构及加固改造领域提供理论依据,进行了27个带肋钢筋-灌浆料拉拔试验,研究了试件的破坏模式和黏结强度随变量的变化规律,分析了灌浆料开裂、压碎过程及与过程相对应的典型黏结-滑移曲线各阶段.基于试验数据,拟合了灌浆料黏结锚固强度公式、黏结强度对应的滑移值公式和黏结应力-滑移关系式,提出了钢筋在灌浆料中的锚固长度经验值.结果表明:随着保护层厚度增大,试件平均黏结强度不断增大,相比于混凝土,保护层厚度增大相同幅度,灌浆料黏结强度增长慢;随着钢筋直径增大,平均黏结强度减小;随着钢筋锚固长度增加,试件平均黏结强度降低,相比于自密实混凝土,锚固长度增加相同幅度,灌浆料黏结强度增长快;强度等级相同时,灌浆料黏结强度高于普通混凝土;钢筋与灌浆料间黏结性能和钢筋与混凝土间黏结性能有差异.     

速度滑移对液静压轴承油膜微流动影响敏感度

为了使液体静压轴承油膜性能的研究更加准确,基于计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)和有限差分方法,研究了液体静压轴承间隙油膜微流动的速度滑移现象及其对轴承性能的影响,并定义敏感度物理量对影响程度进行评估.在传统油膜流动假设条件基础上,引入Navier速度滑移边界条件对传统的Reynolds方程进行修正,通过有限元差分方法求解修正后的Reynolds方程,采用梯形积分公式求解轴承承载力等性能参数,对速度滑移影响的轴承性能的敏感度做出定量和定性分析.研究结果表明:油膜压力分布、轴承的承载力、动刚度及油腔流量等轴承性能对速度滑移都有一定的敏感性.最大油腔压力随滑移系数的增加而减小;速度滑移在一定程度上提高了轴承承载能力和油腔流量,但同时降低了轴承动刚度,流量对速度滑移的敏感度最大达到100%.     

冷连轧过程控制中轧制力和前滑模型的综合自适应

为了提高冷连轧过程控制系统中轧制力模型的设定精度,提出了一种轧制力和前滑模型的综合自适应算法.通过建立综合自适应目标函数,以变形抗力和摩擦系数模型中的自适应系数作为寻优参数,并采用Rosenbrock算法求解目标函数,可以同时得到满足轧制力模型和前滑模型计算精度的自适应系数.该模型自适应算法可成功应用于某1 450 mm冷连轧机组.结果表明,采用该模型的综合自适应算法后,轧制力设定精度显著提高,且满足在线控制要求.