建立当代中国大学自主创新体系

在科学技术迅猛发展的时代,一个国家要强盛,一个大学要发展,应该走什么样的道路?报告从自主创新是当代中国大学的使命和当代中国大学自主创新的途径两个大的方面进行了分析论证,得出结论:自主创新是实现科教兴国、人才强国伟大战略的必由之路,也是我国钨工业实现跨越式发展的必由之路。     

Self-care independence in children with neurological disorders: An interactional model of adaptive demands and executive dysfunction.

Objective: To describe a neuropsychological assessment model that proposes executive functioning as a key moderator in the development of self-care independence. Setting: Inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation facilities. Participants: Transition-age youths with congenital and acquired neurological disorders. Intervention: Transition to the adaptive roles and expectations of adulthood can be challenging for adolescents with neurological disorders and other chronic medical conditions. These individuals frequently encounter functional problems related to additional time requirements, new life skill demands, and increased need for organization and planning. In addition, the neuropsychological consequences of these disorders often include deficits in motor speed and coordination as well as executive control (including planning, organization, and working memory). Consideration of the integrity of executive function skills and the presence of atypical adaptive demands is crucial during planning for transition of individuals into self-care independence and development of an approach to assessment and intervention. Conclusions: Rehabilitation psychologists have the potential to improve the quality of life of adolescents with neurological disorders as they transition into adulthood by considering the "executive burden" posed to the individuals by various combinations of executive dysfunction and atypical adaptive demands. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Parallel processing in a multifeature whole-report paradigm.

Observers given brief exposures of pairs of colored bars and asked to report both the color and the orientation of each bar showed evidence of stochastic independence between reports of the 4 features (2 colors and 2 orientations). The authors also found virtually perfect stochastic independence between reports of colors and directions of motion of pairwise presented circular disks at each of 3 levels of exposure duration that varied unpredictably from trial to trial. Stimulus triples, rather than pairs, yielded more complex results. However, the findings provide strong evidence that the relevant features of the 2-3 stimuli were identified and localized in parallel across the display. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

试论人的自主性及其在技术创新中的关键作用

自主性使得创新者超越科学技术规定的专业限制,大胆地发挥个人的想象力和创造力。尽可能多地实现功能整合,积极主动地与别人合作。正确把握人的自主性,有助于企业有效地管理和激励技术创新。     

网络主权保障问题研究

随着网络空间承载国家公共和私人利益的日益广泛,网络主权及其保障问题已引起了国际社会的高度重视。本文结合当前我国网络主权的现状,从网络独立权、网络平等权、网络自卫权和网络管辖权的角度分析了我国网络主权保障目前应当关注的主要问题,并给出了相应的对策建议,力求推动网络主权观的确立,增强我国在国际网络空间治理规则制定方面的话语权,提升维护国家网络空间安全利益的能力。     

Invertible matrices and semilinear spaces over commutative semirings

This paper deals with invertible matrices and semilinear spaces over commutative semirings. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for matrices to be invertible over commutative semirings are obtained. The condition under which the cardinality of each basis of semilinear space of n-dimensional vectors is n is given. In the end, the factor rank of matrices over semirings is investigated.     

t-Wise independence with local dependencies

In this note we prove a large deviation bound on the sum of random variables with the following dependency structure: there is a dependency graph G with a bounded chromatic number, in which each vertex represents a random variable. Variables that are represented by neighboring vertices may be arbitrarily dependent, but collections of variables that form an independent set in G are t-wise independent.     

Code generation using an orthogonal model

This paper describes a new systematic approach to code generation. The approach is based on an orthogonal model, in which implementation of language-level operators (‘operators’) and addressing operators (‘operands’) is achieved by two independent subtasks. Each of these phases is specified using a set of decision trees that encode the set of possible implementation templates for each language feature and the set of constraints under which each can be applied. Code selection in each phase is achieved by interpreting these trees using a single comprehensive selection algorithm. The method easily extends to machine independence across a large class of target computers by abstracting the implementation templates into machine-independent implementation strategies. The selection algorithm is then modified to select between implementation strategies based on a machine capability ‘menu’ that describes each target machine in terms of the subset of implementation strategies for which it has corresponding instruction sequences. The method has been used to implement a prototype machine-independent code generator for the Concurrent Euclid programming language whose generated code density is consistently within four per cent of production machine-dependent code generators across its entire target class of five modern computers.     

Linguistic considerations in the treatment of bilinguals.

Language is intimately connected with most aspects of human development. Because of this pervasive quality, language is incorporated as part of the individual's coping mechanisms, and at times it may even serve a definite defensive role. This investigation examines research and clinical data regarding the language independence phenomenon as it relates to the treatment of bilingual patients. Attempts are made to describe the way the bilingual individuals mobilize (shift) their languages under anxiety-producing conditions and how this shifting of languages can be utilized by these individuals as part of their coping mechanisms. There can be both positive and negative implications for treatment. In this regard, the article illustrates how the linguistic shifting may further reinforce defenses such as intellectualization, splitting, and isolation of affect. Linguistic shifting can also be technically introduced by monolingual clinicians to advance the therapeutic process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Randomness versus Fault-Tolerance

We investigate the relations between two major properties of multiparty protocols: fault tolerance (or resilience ) and randomness . Fault-tolerance is measured in terms of the maximum number of colluding faulty parties, t , that a protocol can withstand and still maintain the privacy of the inputs and the correctness of the outputs (of the honest parties). Randomness is measured in terms of the total number of random bits needed by the parties in order to execute the protocol. Previously, the upper bound on the amount of randomness required by general constructions for securely computing any nontrivial function f was polynomial both in n , the total number of parties, and the circuit-size C(f) . This was the state of knowledge even for the special case t=1 (i.e., when there is at most one faulty party). In this paper we show that for any linear-size circuit, and for any number t < n/3 of faulty Received 30 April 1998 and revised 3 January 1999 and 1 July 1999