γ-聚谷氨酸-天冬氨酸聚合物的合成表征及性质

利用微生物发酵制备γ-聚谷氨酸,降解得小分子γ-聚谷氨酸,将天冬氨酸接入小分子γ-聚谷氨酸,得γ-聚谷氨酸-天冬氨酸聚合物(GAP460).核磁共振、红外光谱、差热扫描量热分析(DSC)等方法表征GAP460;常规方法检测GAP460的结构稳定性,免疫原性,急性毒性及血液参数值等.结果表明,成功制备了γ-聚谷氨酸-天冬...     

高功率准分子激光MOPA系统中的三路激光准直技术研究

光束自动准直是大型激光装置中的重要组成部分。以准分子(XeCl)激光主振荡功率放大(MOPA)系统中一个典型的像传递单元为例,着重介绍了准直基准的建立、3路激光自动准直的原理、电荷耦合元件(CCD)图像采集与分析处理。通过实验验证,该准直单元准直效率高,准直精度能够满足MPOA系统的光束准直要求。     

温度对Co-8.8Al-9.8W-1.5Ta合金γ′相形貌和结构的影响

为了研究温度对Co-8.8Al-9.8W-1.5Ta合金中强化相γ′相形貌结构的影响,利用SEM、XRD、TEM等表征手段,对不同固溶温度下制备的合金Co-8.8Al-9.8W-1.5Ta中强化相γ′-Co3(Al,W)相的形貌以及结构进行研究。结果表明:不同温度下制备的合金析出物相相同,主要包括γ-Co、γ′-Co3(Al,W)、Co3Ta和CoCx相;合金的制备温度不影响其物相组成,但对合金强化相的形貌有很大的影响。制备温度为1300℃时,合金中γ′相的组织形貌保持高度立方状,温度过高或过低时都使γ′相形貌偏向于圆形;固溶温度会影响合金中晶体取向和Ta元素的分布。固溶温度为1300℃时,γ′-Co3(Al,W)相中Al和W的原子比趋向于1,而温度过高或过低时,都会加大W在γ′-Co3(Al,W)相中的原子占比,并且Ta元素主要分布在强化相γ′上。     

基于蒙特卡罗方法的复合材料辐射屏蔽设计北大核心CSCD

在乏燃料后处理厂的工作环境中可能存在着低能中子-γ射线混合辐射,严重威胁工作人员的人身安全。本文针对上述混合辐射环境,利用蒙特卡罗程序Geant4模拟计算了一种钨/硼纤维增强含硼/铋聚合物复合材料中不同材料参数对低能中子和γ射线综合防护效果的影响。结果显示,此种钨/硼纤维复合材料对低能中子和γ射线均具有良好的屏蔽效果。文章证实了纤维垂直排布方式具有比平行排布方式更优的屏蔽效果,且垂直排布方式下透过粒子束的强度分布更加均匀。此外,在聚合物基体中掺杂一定质量分数的硼/铋可以进一步增强复合材料的辐射屏蔽效果。依据这些结果我们认为此种复合材料可以为后处理厂等辐射环境中的防护服及相关防护用具提供参考。     

MgO/γ-Al_2O_3催化酯交换合成碳酸甲丁酯

通过活性组分和载体筛选制备了MgO/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂,用于碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和正丁醇液相酯交换反应合成碳酸甲丁酯(BMC),并考察了活性组分前驱物、催化剂焙烧温度和活性组分负载量对催化剂活性的影响。结果表明,以Mg(OAc)_2·4H_2O为活性组分前驱物,催化剂焙烧温度为400℃,活性组分MgO负载量为5%时,MgO/γ-Al_2O_3表现出高的酯交换反应催化活性。同时考察了反应温度、原料配比对酯交换反应的影响,适宜的反应温度为100℃;物料配比n(DMC):n(正丁醇)=3:1时,正丁醇的转化率达到98.4%,BMC的选择性为91.9%,收率为90.4%。催化剂重复实验表明催化剂重复使用性能良好。     

Growth of single crystals of Hg(BrxI1−x)2 and their detection capability

Hg(Br_xI_1−x)₂ crystals were grown by the Bridgman method for 0.2 < x < 1.0. They were tested for potential implementation as X- and γ-ray detectors at room temperature. ²⁴¹Am and ⁵⁵Fe were used as radioactive sources. From the corresponding energy spectra, it is evident that crystals with x = 0.2 show enhanced resolution at low energies (below 200 keV), competing those fabricated from HgI₂ and CdTe. Crystals with higher x's were of lower resolution.     

Co-La/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂上肉桂醛选择加氢制备肉桂醇

研究了肉桂醛选择加氢制备肉桂醇的Co-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂,考察了助剂La含量、焙烧温度、催化剂用量、反应时间等对催化剂加氢性能的影响。研究表明,La的加入较大地提高了催化剂的活性,当焙烧温度为823K时催化剂活性最高。在p(H2)为2 0MPa、单位体积肉桂醛的催化剂用量为0 2g/mL、反应时间为1h的条件下,肉桂醛的转化率为17 78%,肉桂醇的选择性为89 18%。Co-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化的加氢反应不存在诱导效应,在反应前期(3h)转化率增加较快,肉桂醛的转化率达59 83%,肉桂醇的选择性为92 01%,适宜的催化剂用量为0 24～0 28g/mL。     

Electronic structure and momentum density distribution of titanium dioxide

LCAO calculations have been performed for the electronic and structural properties of the rutile TiO₂ under the periodic HF and DFT schemes. The methods have been applied to study Compton profiles and the structure factors. The experimental Compton profile based on Am²⁴¹ Compton spectrometer for polycrystalline TiO₂ has been compared with the calculations. The calculated Compton profile from HF-LCAO has been found to be in good agreement with the measurement compared to the ionic model and DFT-LCAO method. The published experimental X-ray structure factors support the FLAPW method more than the periodic HF-LCAO method. Signatures of charge transfer on compound formation are observed. Partial ionic as well as covalent character of bonding is observed on the basis of structure factor as well as momentum density analysis. The present work enables to examine the DFT and HF approaches in terms of structure factor and the Compton profile studies.     

Color centers and charge state recharge in γ-irradiated Yb:YAP

Gamma-ray irradiation induced color centers and charge state recharge of impurity and doped ion in 10 at.% Yb:YAP have been studied. The change in the additional absorption (AA) spectra is mainly related to the charge exchange of the impurity Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Yb³⁺ ions. Two impurity color center bands at 255 and 313 nm were attributed to Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions, respectively. The broad AA band centered at 385 nm may be associated with the cation vacancies and F-type center. The transition Yb³⁺ → Yb²⁺ takes place in the process of γ-irradiation. Oxygen annealing and γ-ray irradiation lead to an opposite effect on the absorption properties of the Yb:YAP crystal. In the air annealing process, the transition Fe²⁺ → Fe³⁺ and Yb²⁺ → Yb³⁺ take place and the color centers responsible for the 385 nm band was destroyed.