免疫调节剂对烫伤大鼠脾细胞抗SRBC抗体及IFN—γ产生的作用

为探讨烧伤对大鼠免疫功能的影响及不同免疫调节剂对它的作用，本研究利用烫伤大鼠实验模型，采用溶血分光光度法和微量细胞病变抑制法，在整体条件下分别测定了各组烫伤大鼠伤后第５、１０天时脾细胞产生ＴＦＮ－γ和抗ＳＲＴＢＣ抗体的能力。     

Systemic and mucosal antibody responses specific to SARS-CoV-2 during mild versus severe COVID-19

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中枢神经系统感染患者血清NSE和sICAM-1的改变

目的 :探讨中枢神经系统感染患者血清中NSE和sICAM 1水平的改变。方法 :采用ELISA法检测了 30例CNS感染的患者和 2 0例正常健康人血清中的NSE和sICAM 1水平。结果 :在CNS感染患者血清中NSE( 12 5 .6 8± 14 .38μg/L)和sICAM 1( 4 48.94± 96 .70μg/L)显著高于正常对照组的NSE( 6 .6 6± 1.2 5 μg/L)和sICAM 1( 2 91.78± 39.18μg/L) ,P <0 .0 1。在CNS感染各组中病毒性脑炎患者的NSE亦显著高于其他各组 ;sICAM 1在CNS感染各组间无显著性差异 ,P >0 .0 5。结论 :提示NSE和ICAM 1可作为CNS损害和感染的监测指标     

Efficacy and safety of preseasonal-specific immunotherapy with an aluminium-adsorbed six-grass pollen allergoid

BACKGROUND: The clinical efficacy and safety of a six-grass pollen allergoid has been studied. The advent of more exacting clinical guidelines and a better appreciation of the possible mechanisms of treatment prompted this reappraisal. METHODS: A 2-year double-blind multicentre placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial was undertaken in 154 patients suffering symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis with or without asthma (GINA I or II). Therapy comprised two consecutive preseasonal short-courses of subcutaneous injections using a grass pollen allergoid adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide. RESULTS: A combined symptom and medication score (SMS) was used as the primary end-point for clinical efficacy. SMS from the first year showed a significant difference of 26.6% between the two study groups (P=0.026) and this was improved after the second year when there was a 48.4% difference in SMS between active and placebo treatment in favour of the allergoid (P = 0.018). Highly significant increases in grass pollen allergen-specific IgG1 and IgG4 antibody concentrations were measured in association with active treatment. Allergen tolerance was increased as judged by a conjunctival provocation test and significant improvements in quality of life were documented using a standardized questionnaire. The allergoid was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The grass pollen allergoid was shown to be safe and clinically efficacious in the management of hay fever with or without asthma (GINA I or II).     

STAT3 couples with 14-3-3σ to regulate BCR signaling,B-cell differentiation,and IgE production

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Distribution of radioactive cortisol in the tissues and media of the eye

Incorporation of cortisol-³H and the dynamics of its accumulation in the tissues and media of the eye (sclera, ciliary body, cornea, iris, capsule of the lens, aqueous humor, vitreous body) were investigated. The intensity of incorporation of cortisol into the tissues and media of the eye and also the rate of its elimination from them were shown to differ. The sclera, cornea, ciliary body, and the capsule of the lens were shown to be target tissues for cortisol.Moscow Helmholtz Scientific-Research Institute of Eye Diseases. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. S. Debov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 401–402, April, 1977.     

Membrane-bound choline acetyltransferase in Torpedo electric organ: A marker for synaptosomal plasma membranes?

The enzyme choline-O-acetyltransferase catalyses the biosynthesis of acetylcholine from acetyl coenzyme A and choline and is considered as one of the best markers for cholinergic nerve endings. The distribution of this enzymatic activity was analysed during the purification of plasma membranes of purely cholinergic nerve endings isolated from the electric organ of the fish Torpedo marmorata. This tissue, which receives a profuse and purely cholinergic innervation, can be considered as being a "giant" neuromuscular synapse. The isolated nerve endings (synaptosomes) were first osmotically disrupted and their plasma membranes isolated by equilibrium density centrifugation (discontinuous followed by continuous sucrose gradients). Choline acetyltransferase activity was found to exist in three forms: (1) a soluble form (the major one) present in the cytoplasm of the nerve endings, (2) a form which is ionically associated with membranes and which can be solubilized by washing exhaustively the membrane fraction with solutions of high ionic strength (0.5 M NaCl) and (iii) a form which is non-ionically bound to membranes and cannot be solubilized with high salt solution. The soluble and the non-ionically bound activities exhibited very similar affinities for choline (1.34 and 1.64 mM, respectively). The non-ionically membrane-associated form of choline acetyltransferase was found to "copurify" with the cholinergic synaptosomal plasma membranes of Torpedo, its specific activity being increased from 122 (crude fraction) to 475 (purified membrane fraction) nmol/h/mg protein. An enrichment was also observed for another cholinergic marker, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, but not for the nicotinic receptor to acetylcholine, a marker for postsynaptic membranes. No choline acetyltransferase activity could be detected in preparations of synaptic vesicles that were highly purified from the electric organ. Also, the non-ionically associated form of choline acetyltransferase activity was hardly detectable (2.4 nmol/h/mg protein) in fractions enriched in axonal membranes prepared from the cholinergic electric nerves innervating the electric organ. The partition into soluble and membrane-bound activity was also analysed for choline acetyltransferase present in human placenta, a rich source for the enzyme but a non-innervated tissue. In this case the great majority of the enzyme appeared as soluble activity. Very low levels of non-ionically membrane-bound activity were found to be present in a crude membrane fraction from human placenta (2.8 nmol/h/mg protein).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Sensitization and lung function in workers occupationally exposed to natural thickening products

BACKGROUND: Three workers engaged in the manufacture of natural thickener products (Cassia spp., guar, and tamarind flour) were occupationally sensitized to Cassia spp. Therefore, a cross-sectional study on the prevalence of sensitization among and respiratory health of the employees of this plant was conducted. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-two workers (36 with high, 26 with low exposure) participated in the survey. Skin prick tests and specific IgE tests with extracts of these components revealed that 11.3% were sensitized to Cassia spp. and 9.7% to at least one species of storage mites, with a significantly higher portion of atopic subjects in the sensitized group. Overall, 55% of the subjects reported work-related symptoms (upper and lower airways, eyes, or skin). FVC % pred. was significantly lower in highly exposed workers, while RV % pred. and RV%TLC % pred. were significantly higher in this group. In the multivariate model, sensitization was not a risk factor for impairment of lung function. CONCLUSIONS: Dust exposure to flours may not only cause allergic sensitization but also induce chronic changes in lung function.     

Thrombopoietin receptor (Mpl) expression by megakaryocytes in myeloproliferative disorders

The thrombopoietin receptor (Mpl) is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD). In this study, we determined Mpl expression by bone marrow cells and megakaryocytes in CMPD by applying laser microdissection, real-time RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Mpl mRNA expression was significantly increased up to 9-fold in total bone marrow cells (p < 0.001) and up to 4-fold in megakaryocytes in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (n = 73) compared to normal controls (n = 26, p = 0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed heterogeneous Mpl expression by megakaryocytes in CMPD with a stronger accentuation in idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) in comparison to polycythaemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). In addition to megakaryocytes, the erythropoietic lineage was prominently labelled by Mpl antiserum, with considerably stronger staining in polycythaemia vera. We conclude that, in CMPD, megakaryocytes and erythroid cells exhibit increased Mpl expression levels which may contribute to the sustained proliferation of both cell lineages in CMPD.     

肺癌患者化疗前后血清Hcy、IGF-Ⅱ和TSGF检测的临床意义

目的：探讨肺癌患者化疗前后血清Hcy、IGF-Ⅱ和TSGF水平的变化及临床意义。方法：应用免疫法和放射免疫分析对35例肺癌患者进行了血清Hcy、IGF-Ⅱ和TSGF含量检测,并与30名正常健康人作比较。结果：肺癌患者在化疗前血清Hcy、IGF-Ⅱ和TSGF水平均非常显著地高于正常人组（P〈0.01）,化疗后6个月在未复发的27例中明显下降接近于正常人组,而复发的8例,其数值又回升至化疗前水平（P〈0.05）。结论：检测肺癌患者血清Hcy、IGF-Ⅱ和TSGF水平的变化可作为诊断和疗效观察的参考。