SA、F/TPSA及PSAD在前列腺癌诊断中的作用

目的 :探讨血清前列腺特异抗原 (PSA) ,血清总PSA及游离PSA比值 (F/TPSA)及前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)在前列腺癌诊断中的作用。方法 :对 5 1例前列腺癌患者及 14 5例良性前列腺增生症患者PSA、F/TPSA及PSAD值的差异进行分析、比较。结果 :前列腺癌组血清PSA及PSAD高于良性前列腺增生组 ;而F/TPSA值低于良性前列腺增生组 ,差异均有显著性。结论 :PSA >4ng·ml-1作为筛选前列腺癌的临界值存在一定缺陷 ;当PSA <10ng·ml-1,F/T值有助于鉴别前列腺癌和良性前列腺增生 ;而PSAD对于筛选前列腺活检病例亦有一定价值。     

D期前列腺癌药物去势的疗效与AR、PSA的相关性研究

目的:探讨D期前列腺癌(PCa)患者药物去势治疗的效果与雄激素受体(AR)、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)的相关性。方法:对33例D期PCa患者给予LHRH类似物 抗雄激素药物进行药物去势治疗,结合免疫组化进行统计分析。结果:AR、PSA与癌组织分化程度的之间的差异有统计学意义。Gleason不同评分组间血清PSA水平之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PCa Gleason评分值与原位PSA免疫标记表达呈明显的负相关性(P<0.01);原位PSA免疫标记表达与血清PSA不具有相关性。结论:PCa组织中AR、PSA表达与D期PCa患者行药物去势疗法疗效有密切关系;血清PSA变化是监测PCa肿瘤复发与疗效的可靠瘤标。     

Temporal trends of aeroallergen sensitization over twenty-five years

BACKGROUND: Little is known about time trends of allergic respiratory disease in adults, in particular in older adults. Furthermore, few trend studies have used objective measurements of IgE sensitization against inhalant allergens. OBJECTIVES: To investigate time trends of aeroallergen sensitization in adults over a 25-year period. METHODS: The study includes a total of 7820 persons, aged 30, 40, 50, and 60 years, who participated in three repeated cross-sectional studies of the general population of Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1976-1977, 1982-1984, and 1999-2001, respectively. Respiratory allergy was assessed by determination of specific IgE aeroallergen sensitization in stored serum samples. RESULTS: Over this 25-year period, a marked and statistically significant increase in the prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization had occurred. This increase was seen in all age-groups challenging the notion that the allergy epidemic only affects generations born 1960 onwards. For example, in 40-year-olds the prevalence (with 95% confidence intervals) of aeroallergen sensitization was 14.9% (12.7-17.1), 19.7% (17.1-22.3), and 27.6% (25.1-30.1) in 1976-1977, 1982-1984, and 1999-2001, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support that the allergy epidemic has spread to older adults resulting in a continuing increase in the overall prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization and an increase in the mean age of allergic patients.     

应用结合于内皮细胞的尿激酶预防血栓形成

提纯出受损伤内皮细胞的特异性抗原，再用免疫学方法制得相应抗体，并把它与尿激酶形成结合物。在人工造成血管内皮细胞损伤的动物中，分别用尿激酶结合物、单纯特异性抗体处理，各组动物处死后进行形态学观察。结果显示：在未用尿激酶结合物处理的动物血管内和使用结合物处理的血管内，血栓形成的程度有明显的差别，前者明显，后者轻微。这种方法既能预防血栓形成，又不会产生继发性出血的危险。     

活性炭纤维在地方性氟中毒方面的应用展望

介绍了活性炭纤维（ＡＣＦｓ）的制造，特性及其应用。它具有优异的结耕与性能特征。含碳量高，比表面积大，微孔丰富，从而吸附力强，而且活性炭纤维还可制成纱、布、毡等形状，它可用于去除燃煤氟中毒区室内空气中氟化氢、二氧化硫、氧化氮、氨等污染物，利用它的高吸附性能还可较好的去除饮水中的氟化物及其他有害物质。活性炭纤维是一种新型高效吸附材料。在氟中毒防治方面有广阔的前途。     

Fluorotyping of HLA-C: differential detection of amplicons by sequence-specific priming and fluorogenic probing

Conventional PCR-SSP, which is based on an agarose gel-based read-out, has the disadvantages of time-consuming post-PCR steps and low potential for automation. The aim of our study was to sort out these drawbacks by establishing a fluorescence-based PCR-SSP system for HLA-C. The assay relies on the sequence-specific identification of amplicons with individually labeled probes that are cleaved during successful PCR by the 5'-3' exonuclease activity of the Taq-DNA Polymerase. The oligonucleotides are labeled with a unique and spectrally resolvable fluorescent reporter dye at the 5' terminus (FAM or TET) and a common quencher dye at the 3' terminus (TAMRA). In case of amplification, the reporter escapes from the quenching control caused by the physical separation of the dyes, resulting in a significant increase of the reporter fluorescence. This allows simultaneous and differential detection of the specific HLA (FAM) and internal control (TET) product. The HLA-C fluorotyping information is based on the individual reporter fluorescence released by 18 PCR primer mixes. Using this method, we analyzed 145 samples previously typed with conventional PCR-SSP and found a concordance rate of 100%. Furthermore, fluorotyping revealed quantitative results that may indicate the presence of homozygosity by high signal intensities. This provided extra protection not to miss new alleles which are not amplified by the current primer mixes. These features as well as the capability of high sample throughput and the possibility of automation makes fluorotyping an attractive tool for PCR-based HLA typing.     

前列腺癌患者PSA、PSAD、PSAT测定

目的：探讨前列腺特异抗原（PSA）及前列腺特异抗原密度（PSAD）、前列腺特异抗原移行区密度（PSAT）作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的临床价值。方法：选择前列腺癌患者30例、前列腺增生患者30例、健康志愿者20例，采用放射免疫法检测PSA并计算PSAD、PSAT，比较3组间的变化情况。结果：前列腺增生组PSA升高，与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），前列腺癌组PSA、PSAD、PSAT均升高，与对照组及前列腺增生组对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．001）。结论：PSA作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物有重要临床价值，但单纯测定血PSA含量有时不易区分前列腺增生与前列腺癌；PSAD、PSAT在前列腺增生与前列腺癌的鉴别诊断中优于PSA。     

前列腺癌患者外周血中前列腺特异抗原,前列腺特异膜抗原和人腺体激肽释放酶mRNA的表达及临床意义

目的:采用巢式RT-PCR方法,检测前列腺癌合并骨转移的患者外周血中前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、前列腺特异膜抗原(PSMA)和人腺体激肽释放酶mRNA的表达,探讨其临床意义.方法:应用巢式RT-PCR的方法,检测外周血中PSA、PSMA和hK2mRNA表达.结果:巢式PCR能够检测到经淋巴细胞稀释的LNCaP细胞的PSA、PSM和hK2mRNA的灵敏度,稀释浓度分别为10-6、10-6及10-7.检测初发伴骨转移的前列腺癌患者外周血PSA、PSMA和hK2mRNA的阳性率分别为59.45%、51.35%、59.46%,其中三种检测同时阳性的为32.43%;检测接受内分泌治疗后出现骨转移的前列腺癌患者的阳性率分别为57.14%、85.71%、83.33%,其中三种检测同时阳性的为52.48%.局限性前列腺癌患者、健康男性及健康女性的检测结果均为阴性.以β-actin mRNA做为内参照,所有临床标本检测均为阳性.结论:采用巢式RT-PCR检测前列腺癌患者外周血PSMA、hK2和PSA mRNA有助于发现进入循环系统的前列腺癌细胞,提示隐匿性转移的存在.PSMA和hK2较适合用于内分泌治疗后患者的检测.三种指标联合检测有助于提高敏感性.     

The predictive value of specific immunoglobulin E levels for the first diagnosis of cow''s milk allergy. A critical analysis of pediatric literature

Investigators have tried to identify a level of seric specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) that had a sufficient predictive value to diagnose a food allergy without having will resort to the food challenge. To search in literature, all the studies that have estimated the possibility to identify a level of seric specific cow milk IgE with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 95% for the first diagnosis of cow's milk allergy (CMA) in pediatric age. We have identified six studies, nearly all studies suffer from relevant methodological bias. Proposed cut-off are all different. The studied pediatric populations were highly selected. Also neglecting the methodological bias of the studies and the great difference of value between the proposed cut-off, it always remains to consider that the pre-test probability of having a CMA between the children enrolled in the six studies included in this review is particularly high. The likelihood ratio helps to transfer the results of a study on a diagnostic test just to our population, and it is more realistic rather than to entrust itself to the PPV or the negative predictive value, that are much influenced from the prevalence of the disease in the studied population.     

特发性身材矮小儿童成骨细胞的功能状况

目的通过检测特发性身材矮小(ISS)儿童血清骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)及骨钙蛋白(OC)水平,探讨其成骨细胞的功能状况。方法ISS组36例及健康对照组儿童50例。ISS组分为青春期前组及青春期组。测各组儿童身高、体质量、体质量指数,采用CHN法评定左侧手、腕部骨化指标,计算骨龄。采用ELISA法测其血清BAP及OC水平。结果青春期前,ISS儿童血清BAP及OC水平为(79.90±25.96)U/Lvs(60.96±18.46)μg/L,健康对照组为(152.17±35.36)U/Lvs(76.16±28.03)μg/L;青春期,ISS儿童血清BAP及OC水平为(108.33±35.20)U/Lvs(63.82±24.81)μg/L,健康对照组为(156.30±35.29)U/Lvs(104.92±28.26)μg/L。青春期前及青春期ISS组血清BAP及OC水平均明显低于健康对照组,存在显著性差异(Pa<0.01)。结论ISS儿童以成骨细胞为中心环节的骨塑造和再造能力均较健康生长发育少年儿童差。