Frontal EEG asymmetry as predictor of physiological responses to aversive memories

Evidence suggests that asymmetry in frontal electrical activity predicts responses to aversive experiences, such that higher left‐sided activity might dampen responses to trauma reminders. We measured frontal asymmetry at rest and during viewing of a trauma film, and assessed startle responses to film‐reminder images. To explore potential moderators, we compared two films (Study 1; N = 64) and modulated reappraisal (Study 2; N = 72). As expected, left frontal activation during film viewing predicted dampened responses in individuals who viewed a staged road accident. However, this effect tended to be reversed when a genocide documentary was used. In Study 2, all participants viewed the genocide film. Left frontal activity at rest again predicted higher startle responses, while reappraisal did not moderate the effects. Thus, the type of trauma film plays a crucial role in the effects of frontal asymmetry, which warrants further critical investigation.     

A Study of Diphenylfumaronitrile and Furan‐Substituted Diketopyrrolopyrrole Alternating Copolymer and Its Thin‐Film Transistors

A fused aromatic furan‐substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole and novel diphenylfumaronitrile conjugated building blocks are used for the synthesis of an alternating copolymer ( DPFN‐DPPF ) via Suzuki polycondensation. In this paper, the first attempt to use the diphenylfumaro­nitrile building block for the synthesis of conjugated polymer is described. The number‐average and weight‐average ­molecular weights calculated for DPFN‐DPPF are 20 661 and 66 346 g mol^?1, respectively. The optical bandgap calculated for DPFN‐DPPF is 1.53 eV whereas the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) value calculated by photoelectron spectroscopy in air (PESA) is 5.50 eV. The calculated HOMO value is lower, which is suitable for stable organic electronic devices. DPFN‐DPPF polymer is used as an active layer in bottom‐contact bottom‐gate organic thin‐film transistor devices and the thin film exhibits a hole mobility of 0.20 cm² V^?1 s^?1 in air.

     

Influence of Carrier Gas Composition on the Stress of Al2O3 Coatings Prepared by the Aerosol Deposition Method

Al₂O₃ films were prepared by the aerosol deposition method at room temperature using different carrier gas compositions. The layers were deposited on alumina substrates and the film stress of the layer was calculated by measuring the deformation of the substrate. It was shown that the film stress can be halved by using oxygen instead of nitrogen or helium as the carrier gas. The substrates were annealed at different temperature steps to gain information about the temperature dependence of the reduction of the implemented stress. Total relaxation of the stress can already be achieved at 300 °C. The XRD pattern shows crystallite growth and reduction of microstrain while annealing.     

Rapid Growth of Nanostructured Diamond Film on Silicon and Ti–6Al–4V Alloy Substrates

Nanostructured diamond (NSD) films were grown on silicon and Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). NSD Growth rates of 5 μm/h on silicon, and 4 μm/h on Ti–6Al–4V were achieved. In a chemistry of H₂/CH₄/N₂, varying ratios of CH₄/H₂ and N₂/CH₄ were employed in this research and their effect on the resulting diamond films were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. As a result of modifying the stock cooling stage of CVD system, we were able to utilize plasma with high power densities in our NSD growth experiments, enabling us to achieve high growth rates. Substrate temperature and N₂/CH₄ ratio have been found to be key factors in determining the diamond film quality. NSD films grown as part of this study were shown to contain 85% to 90% sp³ bonded carbon.     

塑料薄膜氧气透过量测定能力验证研究

目的：组织实施塑料薄膜氧气透过量测定能力验证项目,评价检验机构对氧气透过量的检测能力。方法：制备单一水平样品,采用单因素方差分析对样品均匀性进行检验。对能力验证结果进行统计分析,以z比分数评价实验室检测能力。结果：样品均匀性符合要求,满足能力验证计划要求。38家实验室参加塑料薄膜氧气透过量能力验证项目,满意数为34家,满意率为89.5%。结论：多数实验室检测结果满意,部分实验室检测能力有待提高。     

Schick数字化成像系统的临床应用及图片效果分析

目的：探讨Schick数字化成像系统的临床应用,评价Schick数字化成像系统的成像质量。方法：随机选取Schick数字化成像系统所拍X线根尖片和Kodak根尖胶片各200张,比较其曝光时间和X线垂直角度,对其成像质量进行分级评价。结果：Schick数字化成像系统所拍根尖片成像质量I级者为90％,比Kodak根尖胶片高25％;Schick数字化成像系统所拍根尖片成像质量Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级所占比例为5％,与Kodak根尖胶片无明显差别。结论：采用Schi。k数字化成像系统拍摄根尖片成像质量优良,能较好地满足临床应用要求。     

去势大鼠干眼症模型眼表损伤的研究

建立去势大鼠干眼症模型并对其眼表损伤进行研究。60只Wistar大鼠随机分为6组,每组10只。A组为雌性对照组,B组为雌性假手术组,C组为雌性去势组,D组为雄性对照组,E组为雄性假手术组,F组为雄性去势组。A组与D组大鼠正常饲养,不作处理。C组大鼠去除卵巢,B组重复手术过程但不去除大鼠卵巢,F组大鼠去除双侧睾丸及附睾,E组大鼠重复手术过程但不去除睾丸及附睾。所有大鼠均与术前及术后2、4、6月进行泪液分泌量、角膜上皮荧光素染色和泪膜破裂时间检测。A、B、D、E组大鼠泪液分泌量、角膜上皮荧光素染色和泪膜破裂时间检测均差异不显著(P>0.05)。去势组大鼠(组C和组F)角膜荧光染色在术后2月起为阳性,并随时间增加而加重。去势6月后,去势组(组C和组F)的泪液分泌量、泪膜破裂时间与其他组相比差异极显著(P<0.01),并且C组与F组相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。大鼠去势后造成眼表损伤可能是干眼症原因之一。     

Use of digital displays and ocular surface alterations: A review

Digital display use has been accepted to be implicated as a contributing factor for dry eye disease (DED). Abnormal blinking during computer operation, including a reduced blink rate and an incomplete eyelid closure, increased palpebral fissure as consequence of high visualization angles, and meibomian gland dysfunction associated to long-term display use, are behind the increased prevalence of dry eye signs and symptoms found in digital display users. Previous research reveals significant reductions in tear volume and stability, alterations in tear film composition, including increased osmolarity, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers and reduced mucin secretion, eyelid abnormalities and ocular surface damage, encompassing corneal and conjunctival staining and bulbar redness, as a direct consequence of digital display use. In this regard, individual differences in the way that the various digital displays are typically set up and used may account for differences in their effects on induced dryness signs and symptoms. Furthermore, factors such as the use of contact lenses or inappropriate working environments, usually accompanying the use of displays, may significantly increase the prevalence and the severity of induced dry eye. Other factors, such as old age and female gender are also relevant in the appearance of associated alterations. Finally, clinicians should adopt a treatment strategy based on a multidirectional approach, with various treatments being applied in conjunction.     

胬肉切除联合结膜瓣移植治疗原发性翼状胬肉的疗效分析

目的:探讨翼状胬肉切除联合游离结膜瓣移植术治疗原发性翼状胬肉的疗效及对泪膜功能的影响。方法:选择2018-01/2019-10我院收治的120例126眼原发性翼状胬肉患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为2组,结膜移植组62例64眼行翼状胬肉切除联合游离结膜瓣移植术治疗,羊膜移植组58例62眼行翼状胬肉切除联合羊膜移植治疗。测定术前,术后3、6mo时泪液分泌长度(SⅠt)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)评分、非侵入性首次泪膜破裂时间(NIBUT)、泪河高度(TMH)、结膜杯状细胞数量,采用眼表疾病指数(OSDI)评估患者生活质量,于术后6mo时评估治疗效果及复发情况。结果:结膜移植组及羊膜移植组患者角膜上皮平均修复时间、症状持续时间比较均无差异(P>0.05)。术后6mo结膜移植组患者BUT(11.11±2.77s vs 10.01±2.41s)、NIBUT(10.01±1.52s vs 9.52±0.98s)高于羊膜移植组(P<0.05),FL评分(0.44±0.10分vs 0.50±0.11分)低于羊膜移植组(P<0.05)。术后两组患者结膜杯状细胞数量均明显增加(P<0.05),术后3、6mo时结膜移植组患者结膜杯状细胞数量多于羊膜移植组(311.41±58.45/mm2vs 285.46±68.96/mm2,342.41±66.89/mm2vs 314.41±70.12/mm2,均P<0.05)。术后两组患者OSDI评分均显著降低(P<0.05),结膜移植组、羊膜移植组患者OSDI评分组间无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者总体疗效无差异(P>0.05);结膜移植组及羊膜移植组患者复发率分别为6.3%、6.5%,组间无差异(P>0.05)。结论:翼状胬肉切除联合自体结膜瓣移植在术后恢复及预防翼状胬肉复发方面与羊膜移植相当,对患者泪膜功能稳定性有更好的改善效果。     

不同移植物对翼状胬肉患者视力和角膜散光及泪膜功能的影响

目的：分析角膜缘自体结膜移植和羊膜移植对行翼状胬肉手术患者视力、角膜散光(CAD)、泪膜功能的影响。

方法：前瞻性研究。选取2018-08/2020-03我院眼科收治的翼状胬肉手术患者96例96眼,依据随机数字表法将其分为观察组(48例48眼,行翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘自体结膜移植治疗)、对照组(48例48眼,行翼状胬肉切除联合羊膜移植治疗),比较两组患者手术时间、角膜上皮愈合时间、结膜充血及水肿消退时间、术后裸眼视力(UCVA)、泪膜功能\〖泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)\〗、CAD、眼表疾病指数(OSDI)、复发率、并发症发生率。

结果：观察组患者手术时间较对照组长,而角膜上皮愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.001),两组患者结膜充血及水肿消退时间比较无差异(P>0.05); 术后1、3、6mo两组患者UCVA、BUT、SⅠt均较术前改善(P<0.05),CAD、OSDI评分较术前降低(P<0.05),且观察组术后1mo BUT、SⅠt较对照组低,术后3、6mo BUT、SⅠt较对照组长,术后1、3、6mo OSDI评分低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者术后UCVA和CAD比较无差异(P>0.05); 观察组术后6mo内复发率低于对照组(P<0.05),而两组术后6mo内并发症发生率无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：与羊膜移植相比,角膜缘自体结膜移植联合翼状胬肉切除术治疗翼状胬肉患者可明显缩短角膜上皮愈合时间,减少对泪膜功能的影响及复发率,且不影响视力与CAD,安全性可靠。