Haemangioblastoma

Summary Ten cases of cerebellar haemangioblastoma were studied using the immunoperoxidase technique for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Factor VIII-related antigen (F8RA),Ulex europeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1), S-100 protein, neurone-specific enolase (NSE), leucocyte common antigen, synaptophysin, chromogranin and eight polypeptide hormones (bombesin, pancreatic polypeptide, somatostatin, thyroglobulin, calcitonin, glucagon, insulin and gastrin). GFAP and S-100 were demonstrated at the periphery of all tumours and in small groups of cells in the centre of four cases. Most of these cells had the morphology of reactive astrocytes but some had the appearance of stromal cells. In general stromal cells gave negative results. F8RA and UEA-1 stained the endothelial cells in each case but there was no stromal cell reactivity. NSE was present in the stromal cell component of all tumours. There was no staining for synaptophysin, for chromogranin, or any of the polypeptide hormones. It therefore appears that some haemangioblastomas contain and admixed non-neoplastic astrocytic element. NSE, F8RA and UEA-1 staining demonstrates that the endothelial and stromal cell parts of the tumour are antigenically distinct. Recent reports of polypeptide hormone expression cannot be confirmed and it is therefore unlikely that stromal cells originate from primitive peptidergic neurones.     

Immunogenic potential of Aspergillus nidulans subcellular fractions and their polypeptide components

Cell-free extracts of the ascomycetous fungus Aspergillus nidulans were separated into three subcellular fractions: cell walls, total membranes and cytosol, and two different immunization protocols were used to raise antibodies against them in 12 New Zealand rabbits. The immune response was followed over time by dot and Western blot analyses to determine the immunogenic potential of each individual fraction and their polypeptide components. The IgG fractions, purified from pools of the best sera, were used to analyze in detail the antigenic composition of A. nidulans mycelium. The fast immunization protocol provided a much earlier response and higher sera titres. Cytosols and membranes were more immunogenic than cell walls and, in most cases, a positive correlation was shown between the titre of each serum and the number of detected antigens. The polypeptides of A. nidulans included six major immunodominant antigens of the molecular weights ranging between 13 and 200 kDa.     

A possible mechanism of action of a central stimulant substance isolated from the sea anemone Stoichactis kenti

An active fraction causing central stimulation (evidence as fighting episodes) in mice has been isolated from a sea anemone, most probably Stoichactis kenti. It was found to be a basic polypeptide. The ED₅₀ of the active fraction was 6.4 mg/kg (i.p.) and LD₅₀ was 12.2 mg/kg (i.p.). The antagonism of the active fraction-induced stimulant activity by phenobarbital sodium, chlorpromazine and methocarbamol suggests that this activity was probably mediated centrally. Reserpine or tetrabenazine, but not α-methyl-p-tyrosine (α-MPT) pretreatment, decreased the ED₅₀ of the active fraction. D,L-Dopa treatment also decreased the ED₅₀ of the active fraction and restored the stimulant action after its abolition by combined treatment with α-MPT and reserpine or α-MPT and disulfiram. These results suggest that a central adrenergic mechanism plays a major role in this stimulant action of the active substance; inhibition by β-adrenoceptor antagonists also support this hypothesis. Interactions with cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs also exist which are not incompatible with this hypothesis.     

实验性脑损伤大鼠血浆及肾组织垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽水平的变化

目的研究脑损伤大鼠血浆及肾组织匀浆中垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽含量变化及急性肾损害中的作用。方法提高建立大鼠脑损伤模型,用RIA方法测定血浆及肾组织匀浆中垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽含量。结果大鼠脑外伤组血浆垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽含量明显高于对照组,而肾组织匀浆中垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽含量明显低于对照组。结论脑外伤后的急性肾损害与血浆和肾组织匀浆中PACAP含量变化有关,PACAP在脑外伤后急性肾损害过程中所起作用有待进一步研究。     

中医辨证联合鹿瓜多肽注射液治疗四肢骨折临床疗效观察

目的：观察中医辨证联合鹿瓜多肽注射液治疗四肢骨折的临床疗效。方法：选取100例四肢骨折患者为研究对象,将其均分为观察组和对照组各50例。观察组采用中医辨证联合鹿瓜多肽注射液治疗,对照组患者仅使用中医辨证疗法进行治疗,观察比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果：观察组总有效率高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：中医辨证联合鹿瓜多肽注射液治疗四肢骨折可提高治愈率,值得临床推广应用。     

鹿瓜多肽与中医推拿联合治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效观察

目的探讨鹿瓜多肽与中医推拿联合治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法选择笔者所在医院骨科腰椎间盘突出症病人126例,随机分为治疗组63例与对照组63例,对照组运用中医推拿手法结合卧床休息治疗,治疗组在对照组的治疗基础上静滴鹿瓜多肽,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果在126例腰椎间盘突出患者中,治疗组治愈率为44.4%,对照组治愈率为27.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组治愈+显效为95.3%,对照组治愈+显效为79.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论鹿瓜多肽与中医推拿联合治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效明显,值得推广。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定胎盘多肽注射液中的氨基酸

目的建立柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法测定胎盘多肽注射液中游离氨基酸和水解后总氨基酸的方法。方法以α-氨基丁酸为内标,以6-氨基喹啉基-N-羟基琥珀酰亚氨基甲酸酯(AQC)为柱前衍生化试剂,采用KromasilC18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,140 mmol/L醋酸铵缓冲液(pH 5.10)和57%乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为248 nm,同时测定胎盘多肽注射液中21种游离氨基酸和水解后氨基酸含量。结果该方法重现性好,精密度高,各氨基酸浓度在0.005～0.50 mmol/L范围内线性关系良好;各氨基酸检出限≤1.57 ng。结论建立的AQC柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法可用于检测胎盘多肽注射液中氨基酸的含量,测定的结果为胎盘多肽注射液的质量研究和评价提供了依据。     

化学合成多肽抗生素的研究进展

以天然抗菌肽结构为蓝本进行设计合成的多肽抗生素,为新型抗生素的研制提供了新的途径。本文对近年来人工化学合成的多肽抗生素的序列组成、结构特点、生物活性、作用机制以及设计合成等方面进行了综述,为新型多肽抗生素作为候选药物的设计和筛选提供参考。     

鹿瓜多肽注射剂致过敏性休克15例文献分析

目的 探讨鹿瓜多肽注射剂致过敏性休克的临床特点和发生规律,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法 对2005至2010年中国期刊全文数据库进行检索,对其中涉及鹿瓜多肽注射剂致过敏性休克的15例病例报告进行统计与分析.结果 与结论鹿瓜多肽注射剂导致过敏性休克发生时间短、病情危重,应引起临床高度重视.     

多肽药物汇利心康对慢性心衰模型大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的抑制作用研究

目的:研究多肽药物汇利心康(HLXK)对慢性心衰模型大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法:取大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照(灌胃氯沙坦钾6mg·kg-1,每日1次)组和HLXK低、中、高剂量(腹腔注射10、30、90μg·kg-1,每日2次)组,每组8只,后5组腹腔注射盐酸多柔比星(隔天给药,15d)建立慢性心衰模型,同时给予相应药物。10周后用高频彩超测定各组大鼠左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)和射血分数(EF),免疫组化法检测心肌组织中Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠LVESV明显增加,EF明显减少(P<0·01),表明其心功能明显减退;且Bcl-2蛋白表达明显减弱,Bax蛋白表达明显增强(P<0·01)。与模型组比较,阳性对照组和HLXK中、高剂量组LVESV明显减少,EF明显增加,Bax蛋白表达明显减弱,Bcl-2蛋白表达明显增强(P<0·05或P<0·01);HLXK低剂量组仅Bax蛋白表达明显减弱,Bcl-2蛋白表达明显增强(P<0·05)。结论:HLXK可能通过增强模型大鼠Bcl-2蛋白表达、抑制Bax蛋白表达,从而抑制心肌细胞凋亡。