静止液体中射流和羽流污染混合区的理论分析

以无限空间静止液体中自由紊动射流和密度差产生羽流的浓度分布理论解为基础,从水环境功能区管理的角度出发对不同条件下射流和羽流的污染混合区进行了理论探讨和求解.分别给出了平面和圆形射流以及羽流的污染混合区长度、最大宽度或直径、面积、体积的理论公式以及外边界等浓度标准曲线或曲面方程.结果表明,射流污染混合区长度与喷口起始浓度和水环境功能区所执行的标准浓度之比C0/Cs、喷口处断面几何尺度有关;羽流污染混合区长度与比值C0/Cs、起始流量和起始比浮力通量有关;平面和圆形射流、平面和圆形羽流的污染混合区宽长比依次为0.1317,0.1095,0.1564,0.1310,污染混合区为近似椭圆或近似椭球形状.可为生产实践中射流和羽流污染混合区的计算提供理论依据.     

浅析门窗标准之间的不配套性

本文通过讨论我国门窗产品及其使用的原材料在执行标准、产品标准和试验方法等方面存在的不配套、不合理的情况,分析了我国标准体系中的缺陷,并提出一些建议。     

某援外国家体育场场地照明设计初探

本文结合某援外国家体育场的设计实例,对国际标准足球、田径体育场的比赛场地照明设计要点进行了归纳总结,较全面地分析了体育场场地照明设计中的几个关键问题,旨在对相关类型工程的电气设计起到一定的借鉴作用。     

EPA焦炉大气污染物排放标准的技术思想解读

对美国国家环保署制定的美国焦炉大气污染物排放标准的提出背景、制定原则和内容要点等作了简要阐述,并建议借鉴标准所包含的某些技术思想,如：以先进技术推动＂源头治理＂、污染物排放标准限值应随技术进步而日趋严格等理念,以完善我国的焦炉环保法规。     

基于标准模架和模块化的注射模快速设计系统研究与开发

从塑料注射模具的设计现状出发,分析注射模具快速设计的必要性。选择塑料注射标准模架为载体,设计出快速设计系统的框架,分析模块化的意义、对象和系统模块库的建立方法,并建立了基于标准模架和模块化的注射模快速设计系统。该系统能提高三维软件的利用率、设计和生产的效率,缩短产品开发周期,体现以人为本、绿色设计等现代设计理念,因此具有一定的理论和实际应用价值。     

石油化工离心泵选用程序

为便于相关专业人员了解石油化工离心泵的各种标准,掌握选用离心泵的工作流程,本文从离心泵标准的选用、离心泵采购程序、厂商中间文件的审核以及离心泵出厂检验、包装和运输四个方面介绍了石油化工离心泵的选用程序,给出了各步骤及注意事项。     

雷达嵌入式系统硬件模块化研究

嵌入式系统在雷达系统中所占的比例越来越大。采用模块化设计思想对雷达嵌入式系统硬件进行设计,将会大大提高雷达系统的可靠性、维护性和保障性,并且大大缩短雷达产品的研制周期。本文在分析雷达嵌入式系统硬件的基础上,在对标准总线进行比较下,选择了雷达嵌入式系统硬件模块化体系架构,并对硬件模块进行了划分。     

Performance of joint multilevel/AES‐LDPCC‐CPFSK schemes over wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor networks, data encryption and channel coding are considered together for ensuring secure and robust communication. In order to achieve this purpose, we introduce a new joint scheme, namely ‘Multilevel/Advanced Encryption Standard‐Low Density Parity Check Coded‐Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying (ML/AES‐LDPCC‐CPFSK)’. AES algorithm is the most powerful and widely used symmetric key cryptography in providing secure data transmission. LDPC codes have very large Euclidean distance and use iterative decoding algorithms. In this study, we have increased error performance employing multilevel structure to AES and LDPC. In all communications systems, phase discontinuities of modulated signals result in extra bandwidth requirements. CPFSK, which is a special type of continuous phase modulation, is a powerful solution for this problem. In this paper, we simulate error performance of ML/AES‐LDPCC‐CPFSK for regular LDPC codes. Simulation results are drawn for 4CPFSK, 8CPFSK and 16CPFSK over wireless cooperative sensor networks. Using this scheme, we are able to improve bit error performance, channel throughput, security level of communication and reduction in complexity compared with related schemes such as various turbo code structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈电视系统中的音频加解嵌技术

阐述了电视系统中的音频嵌入技术,音视频信号标准,嵌入格式和加解嵌在电视系统中的应用。通过使用音频嵌入技术,大大降低了电视信号的传输成本,提高了音频信号的传输质量,解决了音视频信号传输中不同步的问题,实现了音视频无损耗传输,提高了电视节目的质量。     

The relationship between particulate air pollution and emergency hospital visits for hypertension in Beijing, China

Background

A number of epidemiological studies have examined the adverse effect of air pollution on mortality and morbidity. Also, several studies have investigated the associations between air pollution and specific-cause diseases including arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, little is known about the relationship between air pollution and the onset of hypertension.

Objective

To explore the risk effect of particulate matter air pollution on the emergency hospital visits (EHVs) for hypertension in Beijing, China.

Methods

We gathered data on daily EHVs for hypertension, fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM_2.5), particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM₁₀), sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide in Beijing, China during 2007. A time-stratified case-crossover design with distributed lag model was used to evaluate associations between ambient air pollutants and hypertension. Daily mean temperature and relative humidity were controlled in all models.

Results

There were 1,491 EHVs for hypertension during the study period. In single pollutant models, an increase in 10 μg/m³ in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ was associated with EHVs for hypertension with odds ratios (overall effect of five days) of 1.084 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.028, 1.139) and 1.060% (95% CI: 1.020, 1.101), respectively.

Conclusion

Elevated levels of ambient particulate matters are associated with an increase in EHVs for hypertension in Beijing, China.