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21.
针对爬壁清洗机器人越障时,负压装置的吸附力下降导致吸附不稳定的问题,设计了一种旋翼负压混合吸附工作的多边形履带清洗机器人,并对爬行稳定性及越障性能进行了动力学分析。首先根据机器人爬壁的运动原理,建立机器人沿玻璃幕墙上的动力学模型,计算出电机理论驱动力矩;其次分析机器人在跨越障碍过程中的运动模型,结合与壁面接触的实际受力状态,对越障过程中关键阶段的本体倾翻、滑移两种失效形式进行运动学和动力学分析;然后根据玻璃幕墙实际的障碍高度,确定多边形履带的参数和理论驱动力矩的大小,并研制了实验样机进行爬行和越障试验,结果表明所设计的机器人具有良好的越障性能。 相似文献
22.
This study discusses the characteristics of the Periodic Autoregressive model, PAR(p), which is used to generate synthetic series of inflow energies that serve as entries for computer platforms that implement the planning and expansion of the operations of the BES – the Brazilian Electric Sector (SEB – Sistema Elétrico Brasileiro). The methodology for the design of a generating plant is presented in addition to the fundamentals of the “PAR(p) Interconfigurations” Model, which is referred to as the Inflow Energy Generation Model (IEGM) in this study. The major contribution of this study is to provide the first scientific discussion of the representation of multiple configurations using the PAR(p) model. For this purpose, several topics related to the time series are discussed, such as the definition of the model order, the matter of stationarity and the need to address possible outliers. Finally, a case study is presented, wherein the results of the estimation and generation of the described model’s scenarios are demonstrated. 相似文献
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针对目前输送带打滑的问题,通过对输送带打滑原理的分析,要想解决输送带的打滑,就需要动态调整输送带的张力。基于此设计了一种短距离输送机的输送带自动张紧装置,该装置通过2个电液推杆来张紧输送带,并给出了具体的自动控制策略,能很好地解决输送带打滑问题。 相似文献
25.
本文论述了采用单片机技术研制成功的泊车用超声波测距仪的基本原理,用AT89C2051作为控制器的实现方案,以及采用软件校正的方法,提高了测量精度和整机的可靠性. 相似文献
26.
Beneficial effects of wettability altering surfactants in oil-wet fractured reservoirs 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Subhash C. Ayirala Chandra S. Vijapurapu Dandina N. Rao 《Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering》2006,52(1-4):261
In fractured reservoirs, an effective matrix-fracture mass transfer is required for oil recovery. Surfactants have long been considered for oil recovery enhancement, mainly in terms of their ability to reduce oil–water interfacial tension. These surfactants are effective when the fractured formations are water-wet, where capillary imbibition of surfactants from the fracture into the matrix contributes to oil recovery. However, another beneficial aspect of surfactants, namely their ability to alter wettability, remains to be explored and exploited. Surfactants capable of altering wettability can be especially beneficial in oil-wet fractured formations, where the surfactant in the fracture diffuses into the matrix and alters the wettability, enabling imbibition of even more surfactant into the matrix. This sequential process of initial diffusion followed by imbibition continues well into the matrix yielding significant enhancements in oil recovery.In order to test this hypothesis of sequential diffusion–imbibition phenomenon, Dual-Drop Dual-Crystal (DDDC) contact angle experiments have been conducted using fractured Yates dolomite reservoir fluids, two types of surfactants (nonionic and anionic) and dolomite rock substrates. A new experimental procedure was developed in which crude oil equilibrated with reservoir brine has been exposed to surfactant to simulate the matrix-fracture interactions in fractured reservoirs. This procedure enables the measurements of dynamic contact angles and oil–water interfacial tensions, in addition to providing the visual observations of the dynamic behavior of crude oil trapped in the rock matrix as it encounters the diffusing surfactant from the fractures. Both the measurements and visual observations indicate wettability alterations of the matrix surface from oil-wet to less oil-wet or intermediate wet by the surfactants. Thus this study is of practical importance to oil-wet fractured formations where surfactant-induced wettability alterations can result in significant oil recovery enhancements. In addition, this study has also identified the need to include contact angle term in the dimensionless Bond number formulations for better quantitative interpretation of rock–fluids interactions. 相似文献
27.
We consider the Mayer optimal control problem with dynamics given by a nonconvex differential inclusion, whose trajectories are constrained to a given set and we obtain a relation between the costate function that appears in the maximum principle and the value function. This relation extends the known conditions existing in the literature for unconstrained problems to those for problems under state constraints. 相似文献
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Yu Zhao Zhigang Xu Zongshi Li Weihong Qiao Lubai Cheng 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2006,24(7):821-827
Heavy alkyl benzene sulfonates (HABS) were synthesized, and their interfacial tensions were measured and compared with those of petroleum sulfonates ORS-41. Effects of their coupling with lignosulfonate were also studied. The results showed that HABS exhibited good interfacial activities and the system of HABS blending with LS displayed better interfacial activities than ORS-41 and therefore reduced the prime cost. Their best proportions of synergism were from 3:1 to 4:1. HABS might be a more promising alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding agent. 相似文献
30.
以马来酸酐和2-丁基辛醇为原料,经酯化得到相应的双酯,以乙醇作混相促进剂,使双酯与亚硫酸氢钠进行磺化反应,合成了磺基琥珀酸双2-丁基辛酯钠盐。采用正交试验对酯化反应条件进行了优化。合成产物的临界胶束浓度(cmc)值为3.58×10-6mol/L,表面张力(γcmc)为27.568mN/m。 相似文献